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10.6 · The Killing of the Demon Pūtanā

34 verses
1 2 3 4 5-6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15-17 18 19 20 21 22-23 24 25-26 27-29 30 31 32 33 34 35-36 37-38 39-40 41 42 43 44
Book Bhagavata Canto 10 · B.A.B.Y
A Attacking Asuras And Astonishing Activities SB 10.6–10.14 · 7 sub-topics Open on bhagavata.keshavaswami.com ↗
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Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) In His Kaumara-Lila, from birth to age five, Krishna performed many astonishing activities. As a baby He attacked fierce demons ( asuras ), proving His Supreme identity beyond any doubt. His astonishing activities continued as He displayed the entire universe within His mouth and mystically frustrated Mother Yasoda as she attempted to bind Him to a wooden grinding mortar. When Brahma mistook Krishna to be an ordinary cowherd boy, the Lord formulated an astonishing plan to correct his misconception. In this way, the astonishing pastimes of Krishna fascinated the inhabitants of Vrindavana to no end.

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A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14)

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) In His Kaumara-Lila, from birth to age five, Krishna performed many astonishing activities. As a baby He attacked fierce demons ( asuras ), proving His Supreme identity beyond any doubt. His astonishing activities continued as He displayed the entire universe within His mouth and mystically frustrated Mother Yasoda as she attempted to bind Him to a wooden grinding mortar. When Brahma mistook Krishna to be an ordinary cowherd boy, the Lord formulated an astonishing plan to correct his misconception. In this way, the astonishing pastimes of Krishna fascinated the inhabitants of Vrindavana to no end.

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Astonishing Activities

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) Astonishing Activities Chapter 8, 9, 10, 11 Baby Antics: After Their discreet name-giving ceremony, Gargamuni, an expert astrologer, clearly established the supreme identity of the brothers. Despite this, Krishna and Balarama performed a variety of charming, childlike activities that delighted the Vrindavana residents, causing them to abandon any sense of awe and reverence. The cowherd ladies would lovingly complain to Mother Yasoda about Krishna’s nefarious antics of untying the calves, stealing freshly made butter, breaking pots and defiling homes. Universal Form: When Krishna’s playmates complained that He had eaten dirt, Yasoda immediately examined His mouth and astonishingly saw the entirety of the cosmos there! Baffled, she momentarily questioned Krishna’s identity and her relationship with Him, but quickly returned to her natural state of maternal affection. [ 30 ] Binding Krishna: When Yasoda attended to a pot of overflowing milk while feeding Krishna, the Lord became annoyed. He angrily broke a pot of butter, started eating it, distributed it to the monkeys and then ran away in fear of punishment. Seeing His mischief, His mother called Him, chased Him, caught Him, and decided to bind Him to a wooden grinding mortar. Despite tying multiple ropes together, it just wouldn’t fit around the Lord’s body! Seeing His mother’s intense endeavour, Krishna finally allowed Himself to be bound. Later, to actualise the benediction of Narada Muni, Krishna uprooted the twin yamala-arjuna trees in the courtyard and delivered Nalakuvera and Manigriva from their curse which had lasted for one hundred celestial years. They then prayed to be fully immersed, mind, body and words, in the service of Krishna. Fruit Vendor: Krishna and Balarama would charm the cowherd ladies, stay out beyond their lunch-time and frolic all day in transcendental joy. When a vendor liberally gave Krishna many fruits without consideration of return, she found that her basket magically became filled with jewels; one who gives to Krishna is never a loser. Being disturbed by a variety of demons, the cowherd leaders decided to leave Gokula and relocate to Vrindavana. They went towards the transcendental forest in a convoy, festively singing the glories of Krishna. Seeing Vrindavana, Govardhana and Yamuna, they became overjoyed. This is when Krishna and Balarama finished their childhood pastimes and began tending calves on the pasturing ground.

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Attacking Asuras

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) Attacking Asuras Chapter 6, 7 Putana: Sent by Kamsa, the demoness arrived in Gokula disguised as a beautiful maiden. She nonchalantly walked into the bedroom of Krishna, placed Him on her lap, and offered her breast which was smeared with poison. Understanding her purpose, Krishna clasped her breast and sucked her entire life out, after which she collapsed on the ground and revealed her ghastly, demoniac form. As Krishna danced upon her body, the anxious inhabitants of Vrindavana lovingly picked Him up and performed various rituals of protection. Despite her inimical attitude, Putana was transferred to the spiritual world. Sakatasura: When Krishna turned three months old, His mother celebrated a rite of passage while He lay under a cart in a cradle. When Krishna awoke from His slumber, He began to cry for milk and powerfully thrust His legs upward. That kick collapsed the entire cart, within which the demon Sakatasura was hiding, and everything fell crashing to the ground. The demon was immediately killed, while Krishna remained unharmed. Trinavarta: On another occasion, while holding her baby, Yasoda could no longer bear Krishna’s weight. After putting Him down, a huge whirlwind appeared which blinded everyone. That dust storm was caused by Trinavarta, who utilised the opportunity to swiftly kidnap Krishna. While flying in the sky, Krishna again became too heavy to carry, and being unable to let go of Krishna, the demon came hurtling down and died.

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Attacking More Asuras

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) Attacking More Asuras Chapter 11, 12 Vatsasura: When a demon entered the herd disguised as a calf, Krishna twirled him around and killed him. Bakasura: The crane demon attacked Krishna with his sharp beak and tried to swallow Him. He met his death when his body was bifurcated by the Lord. Aghasura: This snake demon was the younger brother of Putana and Bakasura. When the cowherd boys wandered into the gigantic python’s mouth, Krishna followed them and suffocated Aghasura. He then brought all the gopas and calves back to life. Krishna was five years old when this incident took place but the residents of Vrindavana only learned of it a year later – Maharaja Pariksit enquired why.

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Brahma’s Illusion

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) Brahma’s Illusion Chapter 13, 14 After the killing of Aghasura, Krishna and the gopas went for a picnic at a picturesque spot. As the calves wandered off, Krishna went to retrieve them, and during that time Brahma kidnapped both the cowherd boys and calves, and placed them in mystic slumber. Having observed the childlike activities of Krishna, Brahma wanted to test how powerful the Lord actually was. In divine response, Krishna expanded Himself into identical cowherd boys and calves just to please His devotees who wanted Him as Their child. Unaware why, the cows and parents suddenly felt incredible attraction for their calves and cowherd boys, more so than ever before. When Balarama sensed something extraordinary, He questioned Krishna, who explained the entire episode. After a full year, Brahma returned and saw Krishna happily playing with His friends and calves, just as before. He was astonished by Krishna’s potency and could perceive that every calf and boy had a bluish complexion, four arms, and all the qualities of Vishnu. He realised his grave mistake and composed beautiful prayers concluding that bhakti was the only way to realise Krishna. After Brahma was corrected, Krishna arranged for the original cowherd boys and calves to be reunited, and due to His illusory energy, they were oblivious to all that had transpired. While returning to Vrindavana that day, Krishna showed them the dead body of Aghasura.

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Demons and Anarthas

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) Demons and Anarthas “Material life means that one forgets Krishna and that one increases in one’s desires for sense gratification. But if one receives the advantage of instructions from saintly persons and forgets the importance of material desires, one is automatically purified. Ceto-darpana-marjanam bhava- maha-davagni-nirvapanam [ CC Antya 20.12 ] (Siksastakam 1) . Unless the core of a materialistic person’s heart is purified, he cannot get rid of the pangs of bhava-maha- davagni , the blazing fire of material existence.” (SB 10.10.17) In the nine stages of spiritual life documented by Visvanatha Chakravarti Thakura in Madhurya Kadambini, anartha-nivrtti , or the cleaning of unwanted things from the heart, is perhaps the longest and most arduous. After lifetimes of material conditioning, purifying ourselves of material contamination is not an easy task. Imagine trying to wash a pair of trousers that have been worn for decades at a stretch! Without undergoing that cleansing process, however, one can never really develop a substantial connection with Krishna. We can intimately approach the purest person only when we ourselves become pure. The killing of demons in Vrindavana has a deep significance in this regard. The stories of Srimad-Bhagavatam, although real events, can also have metaphorical dimensions which don’t replace the literal, but suitably complement. Bhaktivinoda Thakura offers a novel explanation of the demons in Vrindavana which can assist the practitioner devotee ( sadhaka ) in their endeavours to purify the heart. In his Chaitanya-Siksamrita he writes, “The devotee who worships the holy name should first petition the Lord for the strength to cast out all these unfavourable tendencies and should pray thus before Lord Hari on a daily basis. By doing this regularly, the devotee’s heart will eventually become purified. Sri Krishna has killed a number of demons, which may arise in the kingdom of the heart. In order to destroy these problems, a devotee must cry very humbly before the Lord and admit defeat. Then the Lord will nullify all contaminations.” Demons never appear in the spiritual world – they only wreak havoc in this realm. Each demon killed by Krishna in Canto Ten of Srimad-Bhagavatam represents an impurity or obstacle ( anartha ) preventing a devotee from attaining pure love for Krishna. These material impurities and demoniac qualities must be completely cast away from the core of one’s heart. Only cent percent pure devotees of Krishna can live eternally in Vrindavana blissfully serving the Divine Couple. [ 31 ]

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The Process of Anartha-Nivrtti

Canto 10 (Part 1)

A – Attacking Asuras and Astonishing Activities (6-14) Demons and Anarthas The Process of Anartha-Nivrtti Map your Territory Our valuable hours are often consumed by pressing issues and daily demands. Though some things surely require immediate attention, we do have a chronic tendency to unnecessarily promote tasks in our ‘to-do list’ that may well be urgent but not really very important. Thus, we end up neglecting that which doesn’t frantically tug on our consciousness, but is key to the bright future ahead – time spent reflecting, questioning and planning. We need to free up tangible time and mental space to explore our inside story and the condition of our hearts. As we journey journey on the path of devotion, we should be aware of that which block our progress. Without making the effort to grow, to learn, to explore and to challenge our current ways of functioning, how can we truly realise our potential? The process of understanding anarthas begins with our own reflection and introspection. By observing ourselves, writing a diary and comparing our character with our cherished ideals, we can quickly ascertain where we need to shape up. This process is further supported by trustworthy friends who know us; their feedback and advice can help reveal and resolve our issues. We can also turn to Krishna and pray for His inspiration to highlight what character refinements need our attention. Apply the Process The various anarthas in the heart stem from a false identity and vision of life. The world roots us in the selfish conception of “I, me and mine” and the result is that we develop lust, anger, greed, envy, pride and illusion. Acts of bhakti help us to realign our vision and realise our true identity as servants. By associating with sincere devotees who are pursuing (or have achieved) self-realisation, we draw strength and inspiration. By meditating on and appreciating the good qualities of other devotees, one begins to develop those very same qualities. When we chant Krishna’s names, we remind ourselves of the cherished goal of life – “Please Lord, engage me in your service.” The chanting clears layers of illusion from the mirror of the heart and allows us to again perceive the real self. Along with these spiritual practices, we also engage in practical service. Making a sacrifice of time and energy to actively embrace the identity of a servant and do something tangible for Krishna, also helps awaken us to that reality. A servant serves – it’s as simple as that. Maintain the Hope The road to purity is long and winding. There are good days and bad days; times when we feel a breakthrough and times when we feel like breaking down. Despite our fallen condition, the unbreakable hope is that Krishna is unlimitedly kind and compassionate, and His mercy is far more powerful than any material impediment. Thus, in any condition of struggle, the devotee happily continues, knowing that anything is possible with Krishna’s help. “Having awakened faith in the narrations of My glories, being disgusted with all material activities, knowing that all sense gratification leads to misery, but still being unable to renounce all sense enjoyment, My devotee should remain happy and worship Me with great faith and conviction. Even though he is sometimes engaged in sense enjoyment, My devotee knows that all sense gratification leads to a miserable result, and he sincerely repents such activities.” ( SB 11.20.27-28 )

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— S.B. Keshava Swami, Book Bhagavata

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.1

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శ్రీశుక ఉవాచ నన్ద: పథి వచ: శౌరేర్న మృషేతి విచిన్తయన్ । హరిం జగామ శరణముత్పాతాగమశఙ్కిత: ॥ ౧ ॥
śrī-śuka uvāca
[shree-shuka uvaacha]
nandaḥ pathi vacaḥ śaurer
[nandah pathi vachah shaurer]
na mṛṣeti vicintayan
[na mrisheti vichintayan]
hariṁ jagāma śaraṇam
[harim jagaama sharanam]
utpātāgama-śaṅkitaḥ
[utpaataagama-shankitah]
Word-for-word
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca — Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said nandaḥ — Nanda Mahārāja pathi — on his way back home vacaḥ — the words śaureḥ — of Vasudeva na — not mṛṣā — without purpose or cause iti — thus vicintayan — while thinking about inauspiciousness for his little son, Kṛṣṇa harim — unto the Supreme Lord, the controller jagāma — took śaraṇam — shelter utpāta — of disturbances āgama — with the expectation śaṅkitaḥ — thus being afraid .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-śuka uvāca
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca
Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said
nandaḥ pathi vacaḥ śaurer
nandaḥ
Nanda Mahārāja
pathi
on his way back home
vacaḥ
the words
śaureḥ
of Vasudeva
na mṛṣeti vicintayan
na
not
mṛṣā
without purpose or cause
hariṁ jagāma śaraṇam
utpātāgama-śaṅkitaḥ
iti
thus
vicintayan
while thinking about inauspiciousness for his little son, Kṛṣṇa
harim
unto the Supreme Lord, the controller
jagāma
took
śaraṇam
shelter
utpāta
of disturbances
āgama
with the expectation
śaṅkitaḥ
thus being afraid .
Important Words
  • śaraṇam — shelter
    The technical word of Gauḍīya śaraṇāgati. Not a feeling but a deliberate act — placing oneself, with its six limbs (favorable acceptance, rejection of the unfavorable, faith that Bhagavān will protect, accepting Him as guardian, self-surrender, humility). Nanda's first move on hearing of danger is the move every devotee is asked to make.
  • harim — unto the Supreme Lord
    Hari literally means 'one who takes away' — He removes both inauspiciousness and the heart's attachment to it. The accusative form points to a personal Bhagavān one approaches, not an impersonal absolute one merges into.
  • vicintayan — thinking about (the danger to Kṛṣṇa)
    Present participle — sustained, ongoing reflection. Nanda's śaraṇāgati does not arise from panic but from sober vicāra. Gauḍīya tradition values this anukūla-cintana: thoughtful, devotional weighing of a situation that ripens naturally into surrender.
  • śaureḥ — of Vasudeva
    Genitive of Śauri (Vasudeva), Kṛṣṇa's biological father, the senior Vaiṣṇava whose foresight Nanda trusts. The verse models taking sādhu-vākya as authoritative — devotees confirm dangers for one another, and the wise listen.
  • mṛṣā — without purpose or cause
    Nanda's clinching thought: Vasudeva's words cannot be 'in vain.' A sober devotee does not dismiss another Vaiṣṇava's warning as exaggeration; he treats it as siddhānta until proven otherwise.
Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: My dear King, while Nanda Mahārāja was on the way home, he considered that what Vasudeva had said could not be false or useless. There must have been some danger of disturbances in Gokula. As Nanda Mahārāja thought about the danger for his beautiful son, Kṛṣṇa, he was afraid, and he took shelter at the lotus feet of the supreme controller.
Purport

Whenever there is danger, the pure devotee thinks of the protection and shelter of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. This is also advised in Bhagavad-gītā (9.33) : anityam asukhaṁ lokam imaṁ prāpya bhajasva mām. In this material world there is danger at every step ( padaṁ padaṁ yad vipadām ). Therefore a devotee has no other recourse than to take shelter of the Lord at every step.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: My dear King, while Nanda Mahārāja was on the way home, he considered that what Vasudeva had said could not be false or useless. There must have been some danger of disturbances in Gokula. As Nanda Mahārāja thought about the danger for his beautiful son, Kṛṣṇa, he was afraid, and he took shelter at the lotus feet of the supreme controller.
Commentary

In the sixth chapter Putana assumes a beautiful form and appears in Vraja. Upon dying, she assumes her raksasi form. She attains liberation by Krsna’s mercy. Her body is burned and Nanda approaches.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

He surrendered in his mind to Hari, he who destroys all fears, since Viṣṇu was his family deity, for the auspiciousness of his son. Or, because the information could not be false, on the way back he especially thought of his son, most attractive (harim). Thinking, “I do not know what news is there” he returned to his house (śaraṇam).

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

On the road, thinking, he surrendered in his mind to Hari, he who destroys all fears. O Lord! Please protect my son, he said in pain. Or he prayed in his heart, since he was affectionate to Kṛṣṇa at all times, constantly thinking of him. Though he was always absorbed in Kṛṣṇa, now particularly he surrendered to the Lord because of the danger, since he was the best of devotees. The devotees will surrender to the Lord and not do anything else to destroy dangers. Actually he did so out of great affection for Kṛṣṇa. Or on the path he thought of his son, who was attractive (harim) because Vasudeva’s words could not be false. “I do not know what has happened there.” Thus he went to his house (śaraṇam).

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Apaishunam (Non-slander)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Bhakti (Devotion)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)
Related verses
SB 10.6.2 SB 10.6.3 SB 10.6.4 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
When danger looms, the pure devotee — like Nanda — does not scheme; he takes śaraṇa at Kṛṣṇa's lotus feet at the very first sign of trouble.
Practical Applications
  • At the first flicker of fear today — a worry about a child, a job, a diagnosis — pause and audibly take shelter of Kṛṣṇa before doing anything else.
  • Treat a trusted devotee's warning the way Nanda treated Vasudeva's words: do not dismiss it as exaggeration, act on it.
  • Recite padaṁ padaṁ yad vipadām once today and name the specific 'step' in your life where you have been pretending there is no danger.
Analogy

Nanda Mahārāja is the prudent merchant who hears a storm warning while still on the road home — he does not argue with the messenger, he does not gallop, he simply tightens his grip on the rope of śaraṇāgati and walks toward Kṛṣṇa's lotus feet. Like a child who hears thunder and quietly takes hold of his father's finger, the devotee at the first hint of danger reaches not for a plan but for Hari.

Stories
Gajendra at the lake

Caught in the crocodile's jaws and seeing his own strength fail after a thousand divine years of struggle, the elephant-king Gajendra at last let go of self-effort and cried out to the Supreme Lord. He did not invent a strategy; he took śaraṇa.

Kṛṣṇa as Viṣṇu appeared at once on Garuḍa, severed the crocodile, and lifted His devotee out. Nanda's reflex in 10.6.1 is the same reflex: at the first whiff of utpāta, the devotee runs not toward defense but toward Hari's feet — and that is the only running that ever saves anyone.

Kuntī's prayer at every danger

Queen Kuntī (SB 1.8) confesses that she actually welcomes calamity, because every danger drove her to remember Kṛṣṇa. Poison, fire, snakes, exile, the assembly of Kurus, Aśvatthāmā's brahmāstra — at each step she did not first scheme, she first remembered.

Nanda walking home, weighing Vasudeva's words and turning his heart toward Hari, is Kuntī's instinct in male, paternal form: śaraṇa first, action after.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.2

↗
కంసేన ప్రహితా ఘోరా పూతనా బాలఘాతినీ । శిశూంశ్చచార నిఘ్నన్తీ పురగ్రామవ్రజాదిషు ॥ ౨ ॥
kaṁsena prahitā ghorā
[kamsena prahitaa ghoraa]
pūtanā bāla-ghātinī
[pootanaa baala-ghaatinee]
śiśūṁś cacāra nighnantī
[shishoomsh chachaara nighnantee]
pura-grāma-vrajādiṣu
[pura-graama-vrajaadishu]
Word-for-word
kaṁsena — by King Kaṁsa prahitā — engaged previously ghorā — very fierce pūtanā — by the name Pūtanā bāla - ghātinī — a Rākṣasī who killed śiśūn — small babies cacāra — wandered nighnantī — killing pura - grāma - vraja - ādiṣu — in towns, cities and villages here and there .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
kaṁsena prahitā ghorā
kaṁsena
by King Kaṁsa
prahitā
engaged previously
ghorā
very fierce
pūtanā bāla-ghātinī
pūtanā
by the name Pūtanā
bāla - ghātinī
a Rākṣasī who killed
śiśūṁś cacāra nighnantī
śiśūn
small babies
cacāra
wandered
nighnantī
killing
pura-grāma-vrajādiṣu
pura - grāma - vraja - ādiṣu
in towns, cities and villages here and there .
Important Words
  • kaṁsena — by King Kaṁsa
    Instrumental. The danger is enacted by Pūtanā but caused by Kaṁsa — the verse traces back from the visible threat to its political source. Gauḍīya reading: the asura-mind in power deploys agents that look private; the devotee learns to see the king behind every Pūtanā.
  • ghorā — very fierce
    The same adjective Bhāgavata applies to elemental terrors. The verse refuses to let her later cosmetic beauty (verse 5) soften the underlying truth: she is ghorā at the core.
  • bāla - ghātinī — a Rākṣasī who killed (small babies)
    Compound — bāla (child) + ghātin (slayer) in feminine. The Rākṣasī's specialty is killing the small and the innocent: in Gauḍīya pastoral reading, anything that destroys the bhakti-latā in its tender, infant stage is a Pūtanā-form.
  • pura - grāma - vraja - ādiṣu — in towns, cities and villages
    Locative plural compound. The threat is not confined to the wilderness; it walks the populated paths. Māyā stalks where most people are, dressed in their own clothes.
  • nighnantī — killing
    Present participle — continuous action, not a one-off. While Nanda is on the road and Gokula is celebrating Kṛṣṇa's birth, this killing is happening right now in the next village. The devotee never assumes the war is paused.
While Nanda Mahārāja was returning to Gokula, the same fierce Pūtanā whom Kaṁsa had previously engaged to kill babies was wandering about in the towns, cities and villages, doing her nefarious duty.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
While Nanda Mahārāja was returning to Gokula, the same fierce Pūtanā whom Kaṁsa had previously engaged to kill babies was wandering about in the towns, cities and villages, doing her nefarious duty.
Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

This verse tells the news of Vraja. Though previously his ministers persuaded him to afflict the sages, fearful Kaṁsa agreed that Pūtanā should go to kill the infants as a simultaneous method of safely before harassing the sages. She was first (pra) engaged because she was ferocious in killing infants. She killed them completely, by giving them her poisoned breast. They died immediately. Viṣṇu Purāṇa says: yasmai yasmai stanaṁ rātrau pūtanā saṁprayacchati tasya taysa kṣaṇenāṅgam bālakasyopahanyate In a moment Pūtanā killed any child to whom she offered her breast. Another version has pura-gramākarādiṣu: among the towns, villages and mining settlements. Ādiśu means “among the flocks.”

Related values & verses
Related values
Discriminative WisdomNyaya (Justice / Righteous Judgment)Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Yajña (Sacrifice / Spirit of Offering)Dana (Charity / Generosity)Asteya (Non-stealing / Honesty)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)Seva (Service / Selfless Action)Santosha (Contentment)Nishkama Karma (Selfless Action)
Related verses
SB 10.6.1 SB 10.6.3 SB 10.6.4 SB 10.6.5 BG 12.6 BG 16.1 BG 17.20 BG 3.35 BG 17.21 BG 18.1
Concepts
Jiva
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Even as Kṛṣṇa enters Gokula, Kaṁsa's Pūtanā is already at work — māyā never sleeps; the devotee must stay alert in śraddhā and vairāgya.
Practical Applications
  • Notice one 'Pūtanā' in your day — a sweet-seeming influence (a feed, a flatterer, a habit) that quietly poisons bhakti — and refuse its milk today.
  • Before stepping out, take shelter of Kṛṣṇa's holy name once with full attention, knowing that hostile forces are already in motion in the towns and streets you will enter.
  • Guard the small and vulnerable in your care — children, juniors, your own beginner's faith — by screening what you allow near them, the way Yaśodā would screen a stranger at the door.
Analogy

Kaṁsa's order keeps moving even after Kṛṣṇa has been carried beyond his reach — like a poisoned arrow loosed at one target that travels on, hunting any child it can find. Pūtanā is that arrow in human shape: māyā in motion through the towns while you are dreaming Gokula is safe.

Stories
Hiraṇyakaśipu's standing decree

Even when Prahlāda's father slept, his daityas roamed the worlds tormenting Vaiṣṇavas under standing orders (SB 7.5). The danger to a child of the Lord was not paused by the king's mood — it was institutional, ambient, always already at work.

Kaṁsa's Pūtanā is the same shape of evil: dispatched once, still walking. The devotee household therefore lives in constant invocation of Hari's name, not because it is paranoid, but because it is awake.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.3

↗
న యత్ర శ్రవణాదీని రక్షోఘ్నాని స్వకర్మసు । కుర్వన్తి సాత్వతాం భర్తుర్యాతుధాన్యశ్చ తత్ర హి ॥ ౩ ॥
na yatra śravaṇādīni
[na yatra shravanaadeeni]
rakṣo-ghnāni sva-karmasu
[raksho-ghnaani sva-karmasu]
kurvanti sātvatāṁ bhartur
[kurvanti saatvataam bhartur]
yātudhānyaś ca tatra hi
[yaatudhaanyash cha tatra hi]
Word-for-word
na — not yatra — wherever śravaṇa - ādīni — the activities of bhakti-yoga, beginning with hearing and chanting rakṣaḥ - ghnāni — the sound vibration to kill all danger and bad elements sva - karmasu — if one is engaged in his own occupational duty kurvanti — such things are done sātvatām bhartuḥ — of the protector of the devotees yātudhānyaḥ — disturbing elements, bad elements ca — also tatra hi — there must be .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
na yatra śravaṇādīni
na
not
yatra
wherever
śravaṇa - ādīni
the activities of bhakti-yoga, beginning with hearing and chanting
rakṣo-ghnāni sva-karmasu
rakṣaḥ - ghnāni
the sound vibration to kill all danger and bad elements
sva - karmasu
if one is engaged in his own occupational duty
kurvanti sātvatāṁ bhartur
kurvanti
such things are done
sātvatām bhartuḥ
of the protector of the devotees
yātudhānyaś ca tatra hi
yātudhānyaḥ
disturbing elements, bad elements
ca
also
tatra hi
there must be .
Important Words
  • śravaṇa - ādīni — the activities (of bhakti-yoga) beginning with hearing
    Compound — śravaṇa (hearing) + ādi (beginning with). Code for the nine limbs of bhakti enumerated by Prahlāda (SB 7.5.23): śravaṇaṁ kīrtanaṁ viṣṇoḥ, etc. The Bhāgavata's whole sādhana is compressed in this one word and placed inside sva-karma — bhakti is not an alternative to duty, it is what makes duty safe.
  • rakṣaḥ - ghnāni — destroyers of demoniac forces
    Adjectival compound modifying śravaṇa-ādīni: 'demon-killing.' The acoustic vibration of Kṛṣṇa's names and pastimes is itself the weapon. Gauḍīya doctrine: nāma is non-different from nāmī — chanting Kṛṣṇa's name is Kṛṣṇa Himself acting.
  • sva - karmasu — in one's own occupational duties
    Locative plural. The Gītā's sva-dharma carried into the Bhāgavatam: bhakti is not built by abandoning one's prescribed work but by saturating it with hearing and chanting. The kitchen, the field, the office becomes the sādhanā-kṣetra.
  • sātvatām bhartuḥ — of the protector of the devotees
    Genitive of sātvatām bhartṛ — Bhagavān as the husband-protector of the Sātvatas (devotees). A specifically Vaiṣṇava epithet; Kṛṣṇa is not a distant ruler but the bhartā of His own community, personally invested in their safety.
  • yātudhānyaḥ — disturbing elements, bad elements
    Nominative plural — the very class to which Pūtanā belongs. The verse names them only to dismiss them: where bhakti's sound is, they have no foothold.
My dear King, wherever people in any position perform their occupational duties of devotional service by chanting and hearing [śravaṇaṁ kīrtanaṁ viṣṇoḥ], there cannot be any danger from bad elements. Therefore there was no need for anxiety about Gokula while the Supreme Personality of Godhead was personally present.
Purport

Śukadeva Gosvāmī spoke this verse to mitigate the anxiety of Mahārāja Parīkṣit. Mahārāja Parīkṣit was a devotee of Kṛṣṇa, and therefore when he understood that Pūtanā was causing disturbances in Gokula, he was somewhat perturbed. Śukadeva Gosvāmī therefore assured him that there was no danger in Gokula. Śrīla Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura has sung: nāmāśraya kari’ yatane tumi, thākaha āpana kāje. Everyone is thus advised to seek shelter in the chanting of the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra and remain engaged in his own occupational duty. There is no loss in this, and the gain is tremendous. Even from a material point of view, everyone should take to chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra to be saved from all kinds of danger. This world is full of danger ( padaṁ padaṁ yad vipadām ). Therefore we should be encouraged to chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra so that in our family, society, neighborhood and nation, everything will be smooth and free from danger.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
My dear King, wherever people in any position perform their occupational duties of devotional service by chanting and hearing [śravaṇaṁ kīrtanaṁ viṣṇoḥ SB 7.5.23], there cannot be any danger from bad elements. Therefore there was no need for anxiety about Gokula while the Supreme Personality of Godhead was personally present.
Commentary

This verse is spoken to allay the fears of Maharaja Pariksit for Krsna’s safety. In those places where people engage in scriptural duties like sacrifices without devotional acts such as hearing stories of the Lord, who is the life of the devotees, the raksasis become powerful. Then what to speak of places where these devotional acts are the primary means? There the raksasis can have no influence. And what to speak of the place where the Lord is personally present?

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

It was said that Pūtanā killed children in the towns and villages. What happened to Nanda’s boys? This verse answers. Where there is no hearing during sacrifices and other duties (sva-karmasu) mainly for attaining one’s material goals, what to speak of no having hearing as the main item, the demons will afflict. Hearing about the devotees (sātvatām) destroys the demons, what to speak of hearing about the Lord (bhartuḥ). The word ca means tu (but) or can mean other wicked persons. Certainly (hi) such persons will be strong (these words should be supplied) in those places. Or it is an answer to the question “Did she kill all the babies?” The answer is the same. Others who were inimical to the Lord were killed by him. Thus it is shown that Kaṁsa was foolish. This was all arranged by the Lord. The coming of the demons was for the purpose of increasing the pastimes of the Lord, which produce bliss for all people. These disturbances arranged by the Lord were produced by the Lord’s līlā-śakti according to the Lord’s rasas, in order to increase Yaśodā’s prema for Kṛṣṇa. The līlā-śakti is composed of Śrī, Bhū and Līlā. These three śaktis of Vaikuṇṭha are well known in the Padma Purāṇa. This śakti is described as Tulasī and Vṛndā in the Kārtika-māhātmya of Padma Purāṇa. She is called Vṛndā in Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes and lives in Vṛndāvana.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

It was said that Pūtanā killed children in the towns and villages. What happened to Nanda’s boys? This verse answers. Where there is no hearing during sacrifices and other duties (sva-karmasu) mainly for attaining one’s material goals, what to speak of not having hearing as the main item, the demons cause affliction. Hearing about the devotees (sātvatām) destroys the demons, what to speak of hearing about the Lord (bhartuḥ). The word ca means tu (but) or can mean other wicked persons. Certainly (hi) such persons will be strong (these words should be supplied) in those places. Or it is an answer to the question “Did she kill all the babies?” The answer is the same. All the children were safe who lived where there was hearing about the Lord. Because of the spread of bhakti everywhere with the appearance of the Lord, at that time the children could not be killed. Or where there is hearing about the Lord the demons do not exist. Since the Lord lived personally in Gokula, there was always glorification of the Lord and all auspiciousness. This is explained in verse 7.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Dhriti (Resilience / Steadfastness / Fortitude)
Related verses
SB 10.6.1 SB 10.6.2 SB 10.6.4 SB 10.6.5 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 2.3 BG 9.26 BG 9.34 BG 2.47
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Where śravaṇaṁ-kīrtanaṁ of Kṛṣṇa goes on within sva-karma, no rākṣasic force can take hold — chant, and stay at your post.
Practical Applications
  • Before starting today's work, chant one round of the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra and explicitly offer the day's duties as devotional service.
  • Notice the next moment of anxiety about your family or nation, and refuse to manage it mentally — instead, audibly chant Kṛṣṇa's names right then.
  • Do not abandon your sva-karma to chase 'spiritual' settings; perform today's ordinary occupational duty with śravaṇaṁ-kīrtanaṁ running alongside it.
Analogy

Where śravaṇa-kīrtana goes on inside one's prescribed work, the home becomes like a sandalwood grove that snakes cannot enter — not because the snakes have been chased away, but because the very fragrance of the place repels them. Kṛṣṇa's holy name is that fragrance; sva-karma performed in His remembrance is the grove that grows up around the soul.

Stories
Ambarīṣa Mahārāja and Durvāsā

King Ambarīṣa (SB 9.4–5) ruled an empire, performed Ekādaśī vrata, and engaged each sense in Kṛṣṇa's service — eyes seeing the Deity, ears hearing His glories, hands cleaning His temple. When the fierce Durvāsā Muni unleashed a kṛtyā-fire against him, the Lord's own Sudarśana cakra appeared and protected him on the spot.

Ambarīṣa was at his post — śravaṇa-kīrtana running inside sva-karma — so the Lord's protection was not a request, it was already there. This is the verse's promise in living form.

Prahlāda untouched in the assembly

Bound, thrown from cliffs, fed poison, set on fire, trampled by elephants — through every torture Prahlāda Mahārāja (SB 7.5) simply kept hearing and chanting about Viṣṇu. No yātudhāna got through, because Hari was personally present where śravaṇa-kīrtana never stopped.

The verse asks the householder to read his own kitchen and office the same way: my post is the place where the Name is being kept alive.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.4

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సా ఖేచర్యేకదోత్పత్య పూతనా నన్దగోకులమ్ । యోషిత్వా మాయయాత్మానం ప్రావిశత్ కామచారిణీ ॥ ౪ ॥
sā khe-cary ekadotpatya
[saa khe-chary ekadotpatya]
pūtanā nanda-gokulam
[pootanaa nanda-gokulam]
yoṣitvā māyayātmānaṁ
[yoshitvaa maayayaatmaanam]
prāviśat kāma-cāriṇī
[praavishat kaama-chaarinee]
Word-for-word
sā — that (Pūtanā) khe - carī — who traveled in outer space ekadā — once upon a time utpatya — was flying pūtanā — the demon Pūtanā nanda - gokulam — at the place of Nanda Mahārāja, Gokula yoṣitvā — converting into a very beautiful woman māyayā — by mystic power ātmānam — herself prāviśat — entered kāma - cāriṇī — one who could move according to her own desire .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
sā khe-cary ekadotpatya
sā
that (Pūtanā)
khe - carī
who traveled in outer space
ekadā
once upon a time
pūtanā nanda-gokulam
utpatya
was flying
pūtanā
the demon Pūtanā
nanda - gokulam
at the place of Nanda Mahārāja, Gokula
yoṣitvā māyayātmānaṁ
yoṣitvā
converting into a very beautiful woman
māyayā
by mystic power
ātmānam
herself
prāviśat kāma-cāriṇī
prāviśat
entered
kāma - cāriṇī
one who could move according to her own desire .
Important Words
  • kāma - cāriṇī — one who could move according to her own desire
    Compound — kāma (desire) + cāriṇī (moving, feminine). The mystic potency of going wherever one pleases. In Gauḍīya reading, the unhinged 'freedom to do as I like' that the asura-line cultivates is exactly the opposite of the devotee's discipline of going wherever Kṛṣṇa wills.
  • māyayā — by mystic power
    Instrumental of māyā. Here māyā means deceptive yoga-siddhi, not Yoga-māyā (Kṛṣṇa's internal potency). The verse contrasts the two: same word, opposite ends — Yoga-māyā veils Kṛṣṇa to deepen love, mahā-māyā veils a demon to deceive the loving.
  • khe - carī — one who traveled in outer space
    Compound — kha (sky) + cara (mover). Sky-going siddhi sounds spiritual; the verse cautions that mystic mobility without bhakti is fully compatible with bāla-ghātinī intent.
  • yoṣitvā — converting into a very beautiful woman
    Gerund. Pūtanā does not enter as herself; she translates herself into the form most likely to be welcomed. Māyā always reshapes itself to fit the household it intends to corrupt.
  • nanda - gokulam — Nanda Mahārāja's Gokula
    Compound — Nanda's pasture-village, the most sanctified spot on the surface of the earth. The Rākṣasī's audacity is the measure of the danger: even a place where Kṛṣṇa is personally present is approached when the disguise is good enough.
Once upon a time, Pūtanā Rākṣasī, who could move according to her desire and was wandering in outer space, converted herself by mystic power into a very beautiful woman and thus entered Gokula, the abode of Nanda Mahārāja.
Purport

Rākṣasīs learn mystic powers by which they can travel in outer space without machines. In some parts of India there are still such mystical witches, who can sit on a stick and use it to fly from one place to another in a very short time. This art was known to Pūtanā. Assuming the feature of a very beautiful woman, she entered Nanda Mahārāja’s abode, Gokula.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Once upon a time, Pūtanā Rākṣasī, who could move according to her desire and was wandering in outer space, converted herself by mystic power into a very beautiful woman and thus entered Gokula, the abode of Nanda Mahārāja.
Commentary

In order that the pastime of killing Putana be performed, by the inspiration of the lila sakti of the Lord, Putana entered Gokula as if invited by death to be killed. With this intention the verse is spoken. One day in the evening, flying from the sky (utpatya), she entered Gokula. An alternate reading is upetya (arriving). By illusion she took on the form of a beautiful women (yosita). All were so much enamored with her beauty that she had access to all the houses and towns. Though the Lord’s illusory energy has no desire to bewilder the eternal devotees of Vraja, in order execute the pastimes of Krsna, Putana was able to exert her illusions, like a magician, by the will of the Lord.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

She went at night, according to Parāśara and Vaiśampāyaṇa, flying in the sky. Because she was of ferocious demeanor she transformed herself into a woman. The verb form should actually be yoṣāyitvā. It is abbreviated by poetic license.

Related values & verses
Related values
Discriminative WisdomAnahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Vinaya (Humility / Modesty)
Related verses
SB 10.6.1 SB 10.6.2 SB 10.6.3 SB 10.6.5 SB 10.6.7 BG 5.4 BG 10.4 BG 12.6 BG 1.21 BG 2.31 BG 15.9
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Māyā does not knock as a demon — she enters Gokula disguised as beauty; train discriminative sight to recognize Pūtanā in pleasing forms.
Practical Applications
  • Notice one 'beautiful' offer today — a flattering message, an alluring purchase, an easy shortcut — and ask whose interest it actually serves.
  • Before admitting any new influence (media, company, content) into your inner Gokula, pause and test it against Kṛṣṇa-consciousness rather than its surface charm.
  • Refuse to judge people, content, or invitations by their pleasing exterior; cultivate vairāgya by looking past form to intention and effect.
Analogy

Pūtanā arriving in Gokula as a beautiful woman is like a viper crawling into a flower-shop and curling into the petals of a rose — the buyers, charmed by color, never bend close enough to see the venom. Yoga-māyā has already taught the Vrajavāsīs to love beauty in Kṛṣṇa; mahā-māyā exploits the same eye when it is not anchored in Him.

Stories
Mārīca as the golden deer

When Rāvaṇa needed to lure Rāma away from Sītā, he sent the demon Mārīca disguised as a deer of impossible loveliness (Rāmāyaṇa, Araṇya-kāṇḍa). Sītā, drawn by the beauty, asked for it; Rāma, knowing better, still went after it out of love for Her — and Rāvaṇa walked into the empty hut.

Demons rarely come ugly. The verse asks the devotee to distrust beauty that has not first been verified by its relation to Bhagavān — kāma-cāriṇī forms, beautiful and free-moving, are precisely how the asura-line operates.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.5-6

↗
తాం కేశబన్ధవ్యతిషక్తమల్లికాం బృహన్నితమ్బస్తనకృచ్ఛ్రమధ్యమామ్ । సువాససం కల్పితకర్ణభూషణ- త్విషోల్లసత్కున్తలమణ్డితాననామ్ ॥ ౫ ॥ వల్గుస్మితాపాఙ్గవిసర్గవీక్షితై- ర్మనో హరన్తీం వనితాం వ్రజౌకసామ్ । అమంసతామ్భోజకరేణ రూపిణీం గోప్య: శ్రియం ద్రష్టుమివాగతాం పతిమ్ ॥ ౬ ॥
tāṁ keśa-bandha-vyatiṣakta-mallikāṁ
[taam kesha-bandha-vyatishakta-mallikaam]
bṛhan-nitamba-stana-kṛcchra-madhyamām
[brihan-nitamba-stana-krichchra-madhyamaam]
suvāsasaṁ kalpita-karṇa-bhūṣaṇa-
[suvaasasam kalpita-karna-bhooshana-]
tviṣollasat-kuntala-maṇḍitānanām
[tvishollasat-kuntala-manditaananaam]
valgu-smitāpāṅga-visarga-vīkṣitair
[valgu-smitaapaanga-visarga-veekshitair]
mano harantīṁ vanitāṁ vrajaukasām
[mano haranteem vanitaam vrajaukasaam]
amaṁsatāmbhoja-kareṇa rūpiṇīṁ
[amamsataambhoja-karena roopineem]
gopyaḥ śriyaṁ draṣṭum ivāgatāṁ patim
[gopyah shriyam drashtum ivaagataam patim]
Word-for-word
tām — her keśa - bandha - vyatiṣakta - mallikām — whose arrangement of hair was decorated with a garland of mallikā flowers bṛhat — very, very big nitamba - stana — by her hips and firm breasts kṛcchra - madhyamām — whose slim waist was overburdened su - vāsasam — nicely painted or very attractively dressed kalpita - karṇa - bhūṣaṇa — of the earrings arranged on her ears tviṣā — by the brilliance ullasat — very attractive kuntala - maṇḍita - ānanām — whose beautiful face was surrounded by black hair valgu - smita - apāṅga - visarga - vīkṣitaiḥ — by her casting her smiling glance on everyone very attractively manaḥ harantīm — everyone’s attention was attracted (by her) vanitām — an especially attractive woman vraja - okasām — of the inhabitants of Gokula amaṁsata — thought ambhoja — holding a lotus flower kareṇa — with her hand rūpiṇīm — very beautiful gopyaḥ — the gopī inhabitants of Gokula śriyam — the goddess of fortune draṣṭum — to see iva — as if āgatām — had come patim — her husband .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tāṁ keśa-bandha-vyatiṣakta-mallikāṁ
tām
her
keśa - bandha - vyatiṣakta - mallikām
whose arrangement of hair was decorated with a garland of mallikā flowers
bṛhan-nitamba-stana-kṛcchra-madhyamām
bṛhat
very, very big
nitamba - stana
by her hips and firm breasts
kṛcchra - madhyamām
whose slim waist was overburdened
suvāsasaṁ kalpita-karṇa-bhūṣaṇa-
su - vāsasam
nicely painted or very attractively dressed
kalpita - karṇa - bhūṣaṇa
of the earrings arranged on her ears
tviṣollasat-kuntala-maṇḍitānanām
tviṣā
by the brilliance
ullasat
very attractive
kuntala - maṇḍita - ānanām
whose beautiful face was surrounded by black hair
valgu-smitāpāṅga-visarga-vīkṣitair
valgu - smita - apāṅga - visarga - vīkṣitaiḥ
by her casting her smiling glance on everyone very attractively
mano harantīṁ vanitāṁ vrajaukasām
manaḥ harantīm
everyone’s attention was attracted (by her)
vanitām
an especially attractive woman
vraja - okasām
of the inhabitants of Gokula
amaṁsata
thought
amaṁsatāmbhoja-kareṇa rūpiṇīṁ
ambhoja
holding a lotus flower
kareṇa
with her hand
rūpiṇīm
very beautiful
gopyaḥ śriyaṁ draṣṭum ivāgatāṁ patim
gopyaḥ
the gopī inhabitants of Gokula
śriyam
the goddess of fortune
draṣṭum
to see
iva
as if
āgatām
had come
patim
her husband .
Important Words
  • valgu - smita - apāṅga - visarga - vīkṣitaiḥ — by her casting her smiling sidelong glances
    Long compound: valgu (charming) + smita (smile) + apāṅga (sidelong) + visarga (release) + vīkṣita (glance). The grammar piles up the seductive details to show how the senses are taken by stages. Gauḍīya note: the gopīs' real apāṅga-vīkṣita is for Kṛṣṇa alone; the counterfeit copies the form but not the object.
  • śriyam — the goddess of fortune
    Accusative of Śrī (Lakṣmī). The gopīs' kindly misreading: they see Pūtanā and assume Lakṣmī has come to see her Lord. In Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra, only Kṛṣṇa's hlādinī-śakti (Rādhā and the gopīs themselves) holds the topmost place in Vraja; the Vaikuṇṭha-Lakṣmī cannot enter Vraja's mādhurya — yet māyā can mimic Her form.
  • patim — her husband
    Accusative — Kṛṣṇa as Lakṣmī's Lord, the husband of Śrī (Nārāyaṇa). The gopīs' assumption is theologically literate, which is precisely what makes them slow to suspect: a wife coming to see her divine husband is the most innocent possible reading.
  • ambhoja — (holding) a lotus flower
    The traditional iconographic mark of Lakṣmī. Pūtanā has not actually shown a lotus; the gopīs project it because the rest of the costume fits. Māyā works by completion — give the eye enough cues and it will draw the missing one in.
  • vraja - okasām — of the inhabitants of Gokula
    Compound — vraja (pasture-land) + okas (dweller). The Vrajavāsīs, the highest devotees in Gauḍīya rasa-tattva, are still capable of being momentarily charmed by a counterfeit Lakṣmī. The verse is not a critique of them; it is a warning to us: if even the Vrajavāsīs needed Kṛṣṇa's intervention, we certainly do.
Her hips were full, her breasts were large and firm, seeming to overburden her slim waist, and she was dressed very nicely. Her hair, adorned with a garland of mallikā flowers, was scattered about her beautiful face. Her earrings were brilliant, and as she smiled very attractively, glancing upon everyone, her beauty drew the attention of all the inhabitants of Vraja, especially the men. When the gopīs saw her, they thought that the beautiful goddess of fortune, holding a lotus flower in her hand, had come to see her husband, Kṛṣṇa.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Her hips were full, her breasts were large and firm, seeming to overburden her slim waist, and she was dressed very nicely. Her hair, adorned with a garland of mallikā flowers, was scattered about her beautiful face. Her earrings were brilliant, and as she smiled very attractively, glancing upon everyone, her beauty drew the attention of all the inhabitants of Vraja, especially the men. When the gopīs saw her, they thought that the beautiful goddess of fortune, holding a lotus flower in her hand, had come to see her husband, Kṛṣṇa.
Commentary

Seeing that beautiful woman with marks of lotus on her hands, the gopis concluded that she was the embodiment of all wealth and jewels. She must have come to see her husband, Narayana, the istadeva of Nanda Maharaja. Putana had broad waist and breasts contrasted to her thin waist. She was attractive (vanita). She was so attractive that the Vrajavasis let her enter the inner chambers of their houses without obstruction.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Jasmines bound together were tied in her hair, making her very beautiful. He face was decorated with locks of hair shining with the effulgence of her swinging earrings. She was acting attractively (manoharantīm). The gopīs thought she was the wealth of the universe (śriyam), since she held lotuses in her hands. Why would she come? She seemed to be looking for her husband, or to bless someone pious person who had taken shelter of her. That person was Kṛṣṇa alone. Thus she could not be stopped from approaching him. Pati means a husband but Śrīdhara Svāmī does not accept that meaning since later she is described as having motherly affection. Her waist was thin as if being squeezed between her wide hips and her huge breasts. The word kṛcchra (pain) is used instead of kṛśa(thin) since the cause (pain) and effect (thinness) are equated. Because she was so attractive, the gopīs became most attracted. There is no redundancy in the description (saying manoharaṇīm vanitām and sriyam) since the first phrase applies to Pūtanā and the second applies to the gopīs’ perception of her beauty.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Jasmines bound together were tied in her hair, making her very beautiful. He face was decorated with locks of hair shining with the effulgence of her swinging earrings. She was acting attractively (manoharantīm). The gopīs thought she was the wealth of the universe (śriyam), since she held lotuses in her hands. She held play lotuses in her hands to produce great beauty. Why would she come? She seemed to be looking for her husband. The word iva (as if) indicates it was not actually so. Or like Lakṣmī she had come to see the protector (patim) of the gopīs, since Kṛṣṇa was the son of Nanda. Or the gopīs thought that the woman was like Lakṣmī coming from her planet to see Nārāyaṇa. This appearance was possible because of her astonishing beauty and skillful dress.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Bhakti (Devotion)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)
Related verses
SB 10.6.2 SB 10.6.3 SB 10.6.4 SB 10.6.7 SB 10.6.8 BG 4.8 BG 7.10 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Pūtanā arrives dressed as Lakṣmī — māyā's most dangerous form is the one that mimics auspiciousness; only Kṛṣṇa-conscious discrimination sees through it.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today one 'attractive' offering — a person, a feed, a deal — and ask whether it carries Kṛṣṇa within it or only borrows the look of śrī.
  • Refuse to judge people or proposals by surface beauty alone; pause and check the intent behind the smile before you let it into your home or heart.
  • Before opening your phone or door, chant Kṛṣṇa's name once and ask Him to give you the gopīs' eyes — quick to see Him, slow to be charmed by what merely resembles Him.
Analogy

Pūtanā walking into Vraja in mallikā garland and earrings is like counterfeit currency printed so well that even the priests stop to admire the seal. The gopīs mistake her for Lakṣmī coming to see her husband — the lie is so close to the truth that only Kṛṣṇa's own glance can finally tell them apart.

Stories
Śūrpaṇakhā in the āśrama

When Śūrpaṇakhā approached Lord Rāma in the Daṇḍaka forest (Rāmāyaṇa, Araṇya-kāṇḍa), she had assumed a form of disarming loveliness. Only when her actual intent rose — possessive lust, then murderous fury at being refused — did her true nature break through the disguise.

The Vraja gopīs in 10.6.5–6 stand at exactly that earlier moment: the surface is still intact, the smile is still working, and only the Lord's own protective potency will let the disguise come apart in time.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.7

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బాలగ్రహస్తత్ర విచిన్వతీ శిశూన్ యద‍ృచ్ఛయా నన్దగృహేఽసదన్తకమ్ । బాలం ప్రతిచ్ఛన్ననిజోరుతేజసం దదర్శ తల్పేఽగ్నిమివాహితం భసి ॥ ౭ ॥
bāla-grahas tatra vicinvatī śiśūn
[baala-grahas tatra vichinvatee shishoon]
yadṛcchayā nanda-gṛhe ’sad-antakam
[yadrichchayaa nanda-grihe ’sad-antakam]
bālaṁ praticchanna-nijoru-tejasaṁ
[baalam pratichchanna-nijoru-tejasam]
dadarśa talpe ’gnim ivāhitaṁ bhasi
[dadarsha talpe ’gnim ivaahitam bhasi]
Word-for-word
bāla - grahaḥ — the witch, whose business was to kill small babies tatra — standing there vicinvatī — thinking of, searching for śiśūn — children yadṛcchayā — independently nanda - gṛhe — in the house of Nanda Mahārāja asat - antakam — who could kill all demons bālam — the child praticchanna — covered nija - uru - tejasam — whose unlimited power dadarśa — she saw talpe — (lying) on the bed agnim — fire iva — just like āhitam — covered bhasi — within ashes .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
bāla-grahas tatra vicinvatī śiśūn
bāla - grahaḥ
the witch, whose business was to kill small babies
tatra
standing there
vicinvatī
thinking of, searching for
śiśūn
children
yadṛcchayā nanda-gṛhe ’sad-antakam
yadṛcchayā
independently
nanda - gṛhe
in the house of Nanda Mahārāja
bālaṁ praticchanna-nijoru-tejasaṁ
asat - antakam
who could kill all demons
bālam
the child
praticchanna
covered
dadarśa talpe ’gnim ivāhitaṁ bhasi
nija - uru - tejasam
whose unlimited power
dadarśa
she saw
talpe
(lying) on the bed
agnim
fire
iva
just like
āhitam
covered
bhasi
within ashes .
Important Words
  • praticchanna — covered
    Past participle — His effulgence is deliberately concealed, not absent. Gauḍīya doctrine: Kṛṣṇa's avatāra-līlā depends on selective veiling by Yoga-māyā so that human-style affection (vātsalya, sakhya, mādhurya) can develop. If His full aiśvarya were visible, no mother would dare embrace Him.
  • nija - uru - tejasam — whose unlimited power (was covered)
    Compound — nija (own) + uru (great) + tejas (power, brilliance). The tejas is His, not lent; the verse insists that infant Kṛṣṇa is svayaṁ-bhagavān in full, not a graduated incarnation that 'becomes' divine later.
  • asat - antakam — destroyer of the demons (asat)
    Compound — asat (the demoniac, the false) + antaka (ender). One of the avatāra-purposes named in the Gītā (paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṁ, vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām). Pūtanā is unknowingly bringing herself to the very form whose business is to end the asat-line.
  • bāla - grahaḥ — the witch whose business was to kill small babies
    Compound — bāla (child) + graha (seizer, malefic planet). Bhāgavata uses graha-vocabulary because in Vedic culture certain demoniac forces 'seize' children the way malefic grahas afflict horoscopes. Verses 27–29 will name many such grahas — Pūtanā is their archetype.
  • yadṛcchayā — independently / by (the Lord's) will
    Ablative-instrumental of yadṛcchā — 'as it happened' on the surface, but the purport reads it as the higher arrangement of Kṛṣṇa's potency. Nothing 'just happens' in Vraja-līlā; even Pūtanā's free movement is the rope Yoga-māyā pays out to bring her into Kṛṣṇa's reach.
While searching for small children, Pūtanā, whose business was to kill them, entered the house of Nanda Mahārāja unobstructed, having been sent by the superior potency of the Lord. Without asking anyone’s permission, she entered Nanda Mahārāja’s room, where she saw the child sleeping in bed, His unlimited power covered like a powerful fire covered by ashes. She could understand that this child was not ordinary, but was meant to kill all demons.
Purport

Demons are always busy creating disturbances and killing. But the child lying on the bed in the house of Nanda Mahārāja was meant to kill many demons.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
While searching for small children, Pūtanā, whose business was to kill them, entered the house of Nanda Mahārāja unobstructed, having been sent by the superior potency of the Lord. Without asking anyone's permission, she entered Nanda Mahārāja's room, where she saw the child sleeping in bed, His unlimited power covered like a powerful fire covered by ashes. She could understand that this child was not ordinary, but was meant to kill all demons.
Commentary

Putana, the killer of children (bala graha -baby catcher) saw the child (balam) who, though the killer of the wicked (asad antakam), appeared easy to kill. At that time he appeared like a fire covered by ash, hiding his powers.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

This verse continues the description from verse 4. The word bāla-grahaḥ is not in the feminine since it belongs to a class of words which retain their original gender when used as an adjective (even if the person is female.) She searched out babies in Gokula, without having to make effort (yadṛcchayā), since she was inspired by the līlā-śakti. Sudden coming to Nanda’s house while searching, she saw Kṛṣṇa on the bed. Yadṛcchayā means independently according to Amara-koṣa. Thought the child was the death to demons, he manifested his sweetness at this time. She saw him on the bed, while he hid his powers in front of her. An example is given. He was like a fire covered by ashes. That she attracted all the people of Vraja is the action of the līlā-śakti.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Searching for children in Gokula, she saw the child, who was performing childhood pastimes (bālam), who puts an end to demons, and who was sleeping (āhitam) on a bed. This also excludes Balarāma as the child described, since he sometimes overlooks the demons. Balarāma was in Rohiṇī’s house. Bālam indicates that Kṛṣṇa was performing bāla pastimes as his nature or it expresses Śukadeva’s special bhakti. Kṛṣṇa caused the great power of Pūtanā to be destroyed (praticchanna-nijoru-tejasamur). This indicates his great power. An example is given. It was like fire hidden in charcoal. The charcoal can manifest the intense burning of fire. Did she not become fearful? Why was such an evil person able to see the Lord? It was because of the manifestation of the Lord’s powers (yadṛcchayā). This reason is also apparent later. She also dressed up attractively as a cowherd women so the women thought she was Lakṣmī. Thus they did not prevent her from approaching.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Dhriti (Resilience / Steadfastness / Fortitude)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)
Related verses
SB 10.6.4 SB 10.6.5 SB 10.6.8 SB 10.6.9 SB 10.6.10 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 7.10 BG 9.34 BG 2.47 BG 1.1
Concepts
Maya
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Kṛṣṇa lay in Nanda's bed with His tejas veiled like fire under ashes — the Lord enters our ordinary life cloaked, ready to slay every Pūtanā that comes for the soul.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today where Kṛṣṇa is acting quietly in your life under the 'ashes' of ordinary circumstance, and thank Him by name for that hidden protection.
  • Refuse the demonic strategy of Pūtanā — masquerading affection that feeds on the innocent — and audit one influence (a feed, a friendship, a habit) that wears a mother's face but poisons your bhakti.
  • Speak Kṛṣṇa's holy name aloud before sleep tonight, entrusting your household and dependents to the same Lord who let no demon touch the cradle in Gokula.
Analogy

Baby Kṛṣṇa lying on the bed with His tejas veiled is fire banked under a heap of ashes in a village kitchen — to the casual eye, only a soft pile; to the one who lifts the ashes, an inferno that will burn the hand off the demon. Pūtanā walks straight up to the fireplace thinking it has gone out.

Stories
Vāmana before Bali

When Lord Vāmana approached King Bali's sacrifice (SB 8.18–22), He came as a small brahmacārī boy carrying a water pot. Śukrācārya saw through the disguise, but Bali, generous and devotional, gave his promise anyway. Only when Vāmana began to step did the tejas unveil — three worlds covered in two strides.

The Pūtanā encounter is the reverse motion of the same līlā: a demon walks confidently up to the 'small boy' on the bed, having no idea that the same banked fire of Vāmana lies under the ashes of infancy.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.8

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విబుధ్య తాం బాలకమారికాగ్రహం చరాచరాత్మా స నిమీలితేక్షణ: । అనన్తమారోపయదఙ్కమన్తకం యథోరగం సుప్తమబుద్ధిరజ్జుధీ: ॥ ౮ ॥
vibudhya tāṁ bālaka-mārikā-grahaṁ
[vibudhya taam baalaka-maarikaa-graham]
carācarātmā sa nimīlitekṣaṇaḥ
[charaacharaatmaa sa nimeelitekshanah]
anantam āropayad aṅkam antakaṁ
[anantam aaropayad ankam antakam]
yathoragaṁ suptam abuddhi-rajju-dhīḥ
[yathoragam suptam abuddhi-rajju-dheeh]
Word-for-word
vibudhya — understanding tām — her (Pūtanā) bālaka - mārikā - graham — a witch very expert in killing small babies cara - acara - ātmā — Kṛṣṇa, the all-pervading Supersoul saḥ — He nimīlita - īkṣaṇaḥ — closed His eyes anantam — the Unlimited āropayat — she placed aṅkam — on her lap antakam — for her own annihilation yathā — as uragam — a snake suptam — while sleeping abuddhi — a person who has no intelligence rajju - dhīḥ — one who thinks a snake to be a rope .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
vibudhya tāṁ bālaka-mārikā-grahaṁ
vibudhya
understanding
tām
her (Pūtanā)
bālaka - mārikā - graham
a witch very expert in killing small babies
carācarātmā sa nimīlitekṣaṇaḥ
cara - acara - ātmā
Kṛṣṇa, the all-pervading Supersoul
saḥ
He
nimīlita - īkṣaṇaḥ
closed His eyes
anantam
the Unlimited
anantam āropayad aṅkam antakaṁ
āropayat
she placed
aṅkam
on her lap
antakam
for her own annihilation
yathoragaṁ suptam abuddhi-rajju-dhīḥ
yathā
as
uragam
a snake
suptam
while sleeping
abuddhi
a person who has no intelligence
rajju - dhīḥ
one who thinks a snake to be a rope .
Important Words
  • anantam — the Unlimited
    Accusative of ananta — He who has no end. The verse pointedly uses this name as Pūtanā places Him on her lap: she thinks she is handling something small and finite; she is in fact handling the limitless. Acintya-bhedābheda corollary: the Unlimited can voluntarily appear as a finite infant without ceasing to be Unlimited.
  • antakam — for her own annihilation
    Accusative — 'the ender.' Sound-near to anantam by deliberate pairing in the verse: the Ananta is her antaka. The play of letters carries the doctrine.
  • rajju - dhīḥ — one who thinks (a snake to be) a rope
    Compound — rajju (rope) + dhī (intelligence). The classical Vedānta example of mis-cognition appears here inverted: the Advaitin example treats the rope as truth and the snake as illusion; here the snake is the truth and 'rope' is the deluded reading. Gauḍīya commentators love this inversion — it warns against any philosophy that calls the dangerous thing harmless because it has decided in advance that all is one.
  • cara - acara - ātmā — the Supersoul of all moving and non-moving beings
    Compound — cara (moving) + acara (non-moving) + ātmā (Self). Even as the apparent infant, Kṛṣṇa is the Paramātmā of every entity, including Pūtanā herself. The very life she will lose is His to take, because it was His to give.
  • nimīlita - īkṣaṇaḥ — with His eyes closed
    Compound — nimīlita (closed) + īkṣaṇa (eye). The līlā-touch: Kṛṣṇa pretends fear, closing His eyes, to let the demon think the plan is working. Vaiṣṇava ācāryas read this as ānanda-līlā — the Lord enacts a kind of stage-acting so that the destruction may unfold as pastime, not bare execution.
Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the all-pervading Supersoul, lying on the bed, understood that Pūtanā, a witch who was expert in killing small children, had come to kill Him. Therefore, as if afraid of her, Kṛṣṇa closed His eyes. Thus Pūtanā took upon her lap Him who was to be her own annihilation, just as an unintelligent person places a sleeping snake on his lap, thinking the snake to be a rope.
Purport

In this verse there are two perplexities. When Kṛṣṇa saw that Pūtanā had come to kill Him, He thought that since this woman was present with motherly affection, although artificial, He had to offer her a benediction. Therefore He looked at her with a little perplexity and then closed His eyes again. Pūtanā Rākṣasī also was perplexed. She was not intelligent enough to understand that she was taking a sleeping snake on her lap; she thought the snake to be an ordinary rope. The two words antakam and anantam are contradictory. Because of not being intelligent, Pūtanā thought that she could kill her antakam, the source of her annihilation; but because He is ananta, unlimited, no one can kill Him.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the all-pervading Supersoul, lying on the bed, understood that Pūtanā, a witch who was expert in killing small children, had come to kill Him. Therefore, as if afraid of her, Kṛṣṇa closed His eyes. Thus Pūtanā took upon her lap Him who was to be her own annihilation, just as an unintelligent person places a sleeping snake on his lap, thinking the snake to be a rope.
Commentary

Here is shown an opportunity for the Lord’s power of omniscience (sarvajnata sakti) to render service at the time of approaching evil. Though Krsna could understand Purana’s identity, he lay there with his eyes closed like a normal child. Why did he close his eyes? To show his fearfulness as a small child, to avoid seeing such an inauspicious person, to avoid making the violence become auspicious through the touch of his auspicious glance, to avoid shame of killing a woman acting as a mother, and to avoid seeing the inauspiciousness of Putana’s death. Then Putana placed him in her lap. He is called ananta, without end, and antakam, he who brings about the end. This was an opportunity for his destructive energy (samhara sakti) to operate. That person who is without limit in all space and time, Putana held on her lap. Antakam and ananta are also contradictory words to express this wonder, adbhuta rasa. As a foolish person holds a sleeping snake, thinking it is a rope, so Putana foolishly held Krsna, thinking him an ordinary, helpless child.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Understanding she was a killer of children, Paramātmā closed his lotus eyes since he displayed all actions suitable to a small child. He did this in order to show fear of her by acting as a small child, in order to avoid seeing such an evil person, in order to avoid overpowering her with his glance, in order to hide his embarrassment at on killing a woman even though she would be greatly benefited--since he was an ocean of good qualities-- and in order to avoid seeing the ghastliness of her death. She placed him on her lap, though he was Ananta, who could kill persons like her, like a person who thinks something is a rope but which is the opposite (abuddhi).

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

She was a demon killer of children (bala-graham). The word bāla-grahaḥ is not in the feminine since it belongs to a class of words which retain their original gender when used as an adjective (even if the person is female.) He had his eyes closed because he was very small and afraid. Or she would not be able to see his eyes directly. Or since he was an ocean of good qualities he was ashamed of killing her, even though it was beneficial for her. Or he could bear to see her killed, since she was wearing clothing like Rohiṇī.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)
Related verses
SB 10.6.5 SB 10.6.7 SB 10.6.9 SB 10.6.10 SB 10.6.11 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 9.26 BG 2.47 BG 1.1 BG 10.3
Concepts
Paramatma
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Like Pūtanā mistaking a sleeping snake for a rope, we keep clasping what will undo us — only Kṛṣṇa, the ananta, is safe to embrace.
Practical Applications
  • Name one 'rope' you are presently nursing in your lap — a habit, ambition, or relationship — and ask honestly whether it is in fact antakam, a slow annihilation dressed as comfort.
  • Refuse the artificial affection that masks viṣaya: when someone or something offers sweetness with a hidden agenda, do not return the embrace, even politely.
  • Before sleep tonight, place on your 'lap' only Kṛṣṇa — chant His names with closed eyes, as the infant Kṛṣṇa Himself did, surrendering the day to the ananta who cannot be killed.
Analogy

Pūtanā lifting baby Kṛṣṇa onto her lap is the fool who picks up a coiled cobra in the dark and lets it lie in his cloth, certain it is the rope he dropped. Every soul that hugs a worldly pleasure to its chest does the same — mistaking antakam, that which will end us, for a comfort.

Stories
Aghāsura swallowing the cowherd boys

Later in this same canto (SB 10.12), the python-demon Aghāsura opens his vast pink mouth and the cowherd boys, mistaking it for a beautiful mountain cave, walk in laughing. The 'cave' is in fact death.

Pūtanā in 10.6.8 makes the same kind of error in reverse: she thinks she has placed a target on her lap; she has actually placed her own antaka. Whoever does not see Kṛṣṇa for who He is — whether by demon-eyes or by attached eyes — will end up handling Him as though He were something else.

Hiraṇyakaśipu and the pillar

The asura-king, sure that no being could touch him, mocked Prahlāda's claim that Hari was everywhere — even in this pillar? (SB 7.8). He struck the pillar; out came Nṛsiṁha. He had been standing all along beside his antaka, calling it furniture.

Kṛṣṇa on Pūtanā's lap is the same secret in miniature: the demon clasps the destroyer and calls Him 'baby.'

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.9

↗
తాం తీక్ష్ణచిత్తామతివామచేష్టితాం వీక్ష్యాన్తరా కోషపరిచ్ఛదాసివత్ । వరస్త్రియం తత్ప్రభయా చ ధర్షితే నిరీక్ష్యమాణే జననీ హ్యతిష్ఠతామ్ ॥ ౯ ॥
tāṁ tīkṣṇa-cittām ativāma-ceṣṭitāṁ
[taam teekshna-chittaam ativaama-cheshtitaam]
vīkṣyāntarā koṣa-paricchadāsivat
[veekshyaantaraa kosha-parichchadaasivat]
vara-striyaṁ tat-prabhayā ca dharṣite
[vara-striyam tat-prabhayaa cha dharshite]
nirīkṣyamāṇe jananī hy atiṣṭhatām
[nireekshyamaane jananee hy atishthataam]
Word-for-word
tām — that (Pūtanā Rākṣasī) tīkṣṇa - cittām — having a very fierce heart for killing the child ati - vāma - ceṣṭitām — although she was trying to treat the child better than a mother vīkṣya antarā — seeing her within the room koṣa - paricchada - asi - vat — like a sharp sword within a soft sheath vara - striyam — the very beautiful woman tat - prabhayā — by her influence ca — also dharṣite — being overwhelmed nirīkṣyamāṇe — were seeing jananī — the two mothers hi — indeed atiṣṭhatām — they remained silent, without prohibiting .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tāṁ tīkṣṇa-cittām ativāma-ceṣṭitāṁ
tām
that (Pūtanā Rākṣasī)
tīkṣṇa - cittām
having a very fierce heart for killing the child
ati - vāma - ceṣṭitām
although she was trying to treat the child better than a mother
vīkṣyāntarā koṣa-paricchadāsivat
vīkṣya antarā
seeing her within the room
koṣa - paricchada - asi - vat
like a sharp sword within a soft sheath
vara - striyam
the very beautiful woman
vara-striyaṁ tat-prabhayā ca dharṣite
tat - prabhayā
by her influence
ca
also
dharṣite
being overwhelmed
nirīkṣyamāṇe jananī hy atiṣṭhatām
nirīkṣyamāṇe
were seeing
jananī
the two mothers
hi
indeed
atiṣṭhatām
they remained silent, without prohibiting .
Important Words
  • koṣa - paricchada - asi - vat — like a sharp sword (asi) in a soft sheath (koṣa-paricchada)
    Compound — koṣa (scabbard) + paricchada (covering) + asi (sword) + vat (like). The Bhāgavata's signature image: outer softness, inner edge. Used by Gauḍīya ācāryas as a master diagnostic for sat-saṅga vs. asat-saṅga — judge by the steel, not the cloth.
  • tīkṣṇa - cittām — having a very fierce (lit. sharp) heart
    Compound — tīkṣṇa (sharp) + citta (mind, heart). The inner reality the sheath conceals. The verse pointedly places tīkṣṇa-citta and ati-vāma-ceṣṭitā (very pleasing behavior) side by side — the same person is both, and only Kṛṣṇa-tattva can keep the two clear.
  • ati - vāma - ceṣṭitām — (although she was) performing very pleasing actions
    Compound — ati (very) + vāma (pleasant, lovely) + ceṣṭita (behavior). The cosmetic surface. The gopīs' restraint is not naïveté in itself — they are reading the ceṣṭita honestly; the lesson is that ceṣṭita alone is not a reliable index of citta.
  • vara - striyam — the very beautiful woman
    Compound — vara (excellent) + strī (woman). The form, again, is impeccable. Bhāgavata refuses to deny the beauty; it simply refuses to let beauty close the case.
  • tat - prabhayā — by her influence / brilliance
    Compound — tat (her) + prabhā (radiance). A semi-magical influence accompanies the disguise — what the purport will call dharṣita, an overwhelming. Mahā-māyā can briefly hold sober devotees still by a mood-influence; only direct Kṛṣṇa-smaraṇa breaks the spell.
Pūtanā Rākṣasī’s heart was fierce and cruel, but she looked like a very affectionate mother. Thus she resembled a sharp sword in a soft sheath. Although seeing her within the room, Yaśodā and Rohiṇī, overwhelmed by her beauty, did not stop her, but remained silent because she treated the child like a mother.
Purport

Although Pūtanā was an outsider and although she personified fierce death because the determination within her heart was to kill the child, when she directly came and placed the child on her lap to offer the child her breast to suck, the mothers were so captivated by her beauty that they did not prohibit her. Sometimes a beautiful woman is dangerous because everyone, being captivated by external beauty ( māyā-mohita ), is unable to understand what is in her mind. Those who are captivated by the beauty of the external energy are called māyā-mohita. Mohitaṁ nābhijānāti mām ebhyaḥ param avyayam ( Bg. 7.13 ). Na te viduḥ svārtha-gatiṁ hi viṣṇuṁ durāśayā ye bahir-artha-māninaḥ ( Bhāg. 7.5.31 ). Here, of course, the two mothers Rohiṇī and Yaśodā were not māyā-mohita, deluded by the external energy, but to develop the pastimes of the Lord, they were captivated by Yoga-māyā. Such māyā-moha is the action of Yoga-māyā.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Pūtanā Rākṣasī's heart was fierce and cruel, but she looked like a very affectionate mother. Thus she resembled a sharp sword in a soft sheath. Although seeing her within the room, Yaśodā and Rohiṇī, overwhelmed by her beauty, did not stop her, but remained silent because she treated the child like a mother.
Commentary

Why did Yasoda and Rohini not stop Putana? This verse answers the question. She acted like a very attentive mother. Though inside inwardly she was cruel, externally she was gentle. She was like a sharp knife in a soft leather sheath. Yasoda and Rohini were overwhelmed by her influence (tat prabhaya), thinking that Ambika, Indrani or Laksmi of the three worlds had come to feed Krsna out of motherly love. Thus they stood there watching her, not preventing her from holding the child.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Instead of ati sometimes atha (meaning “very much” in this case) is seen. It modifies both phrases. Pūtanā had a very cruel heart and very gentle conduct. Because of her gentle exterior her real motive could not be detected. Because she came within the house, the two mothers did not detect her motive, since they could not conceive that an evil person would suddenly enter a stranger’s house. They had no doubts because she appeared to be the best of women. They were overpowered by the power of her show of affection (tat-prabhayā). The word jananī (singular) is used for the dual number by poetic license, following rules like Pāṇini 7.1.39.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They saw her in the room, near the child (antarā), as the best of women, though she had a cruel heart and had crooked activities (vāma-ceṣṭitām). Though they saw her, they just stood there. They did not stop her because they were bewildered (dharṣite) by her beauty, since she was affectionate like a mother (prabhayā), or they were overcome by the Lord’s power, since he wanted to suck Pūtanā’s life air. Otherwise they would have prevented her and she would not be able to put Kṛṣṇa on her lap. Or though cruel hearted, she had charming actions like a mother (vāma-ceṣṭitām). She did not seem wicked. Evil persons cannot suddenly enter others’ houses. They had faith that she was a good woman. Thus they did not do anything, overpowered by her beauty and charm. She was capable of doing her actions, like a knife in a sheath.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Dhriti (Resilience / Steadfastness / Fortitude)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)
Related verses
SB 10.6.7 SB 10.6.8 SB 10.6.10 SB 10.6.11 SB 10.6.12 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 2.3 BG 9.26 BG 2.47 BG 1.1
Concepts
Maya
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Outer beauty can hide inner poison; without Kṛṣṇa-conscious discrimination, even mothers stay silent before a sword in a soft sheath.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today where you are being swayed by surface charm — a person, a feed, a pitch — and pause to ask what intention sits beneath the sheath.
  • Refuse to mistake māyā-mohita politeness for protection; speak up when something feels off around a child, a junior, or yourself, even if the form looks pleasing.
  • Each evening, take shelter of Kṛṣṇa through japa or Gītā 7.13, asking Him to be the Yoga-māyā that guards your home and heart from cruelty dressed as care.
Analogy

Pūtanā among the gopīs is a sharp sword sleeping in a velvet sheath — the velvet is so soft that two loving mothers pick it up and lay it on the cradle. Without Kṛṣṇa-conscious discrimination, even the sober gopī cannot tell that the affection on the surface is only the cloth wrapped around the blade.

Stories
Manthara whispering to Kaikeyī

Old, hunch-backed, and posing as Kaikeyī's most loving servant, Manthara entered the queen's apartments in Ayodhyā (Rāmāyaṇa, Ayodhyā-kāṇḍa) and dripped a slow poison of suspicion against Rāma. She wore the velvet of long service; her words were the asi inside.

Kaikeyī, like Yaśodā and Rohiṇī in 10.6.9, did not stop her — partly because the form was familiar, partly because the smile was tender. The verse warns: when the sheath is soft enough, even sincere love can fail to draw the sword in time.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.10

↗
తస్మిన్ స్తనం దుర్జరవీర్యముల్బణం ఘోరాఙ్కమాదాయ శిశోర్దదావథ । గాఢం కరాభ్యాం భగవాన్ ప్రపీడ్య తత్- ప్రాణై: సమం రోషసమన్వితోఽపిబత్ ॥ ౧౦ ॥
tasmin stanaṁ durjara-vīryam ulbaṇaṁ
[tasmin stanam durjara-veeryam ulbanam]
ghorāṅkam ādāya śiśor dadāv atha
[ghoraankam aadaaya shishor dadaav atha]
gāḍhaṁ karābhyāṁ bhagavān prapīḍya tat-
[gaadham karaabhyaam bhagavaan prapeedya tat-]
prāṇaiḥ samaṁ roṣa-samanvito ’pibat
[praanaih samam rosha-samanvito ’pibat]
Word-for-word
tasmin — in that very spot stanam — the breast durjara - vīryam — a very powerful weapon mixed with poison ulbaṇam — which was fierce ghorā — the most ferocious Pūtanā aṅkam — on her lap ādāya — placing śiśoḥ — in the mouth of the child dadau — pushed atha — thereupon gāḍham — very hard karābhyām — with both hands bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead prapīḍya — giving her great pain tat - prāṇaiḥ — her life samam — along with roṣa - samanvitaḥ — being very angry at her apibat — sucked the breast .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tasmin stanaṁ durjara-vīryam ulbaṇaṁ
tasmin
in that very spot
stanam
the breast
durjara - vīryam
a very powerful weapon mixed with poison
ulbaṇam
which was fierce
ghorāṅkam ādāya śiśor dadāv atha
ghorā
the most ferocious Pūtanā
aṅkam
on her lap
ādāya
placing
śiśoḥ
in the mouth of the child
dadau
pushed
atha
thereupon
gāḍhaṁ karābhyāṁ bhagavān prapīḍya tat-
gāḍham
very hard
karābhyām
with both hands
bhagavān
the Supreme Personality of Godhead
prapīḍya
giving her great pain
tat - prāṇaiḥ
her life
prāṇaiḥ samaṁ roṣa-samanvito ’pibat
samam
along with
roṣa - samanvitaḥ
being very angry at her
apibat
sucked the breast .
Important Words
  • bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead
    Nominative — the technical title (one in possession of the six aiśvaryas in full). The verse uses it precisely at the moment of action: the infant who has been allowing Himself to be held is acting now as Bhagavān, the full Person, not as a 'mystic baby.' Gauḍīya doctrine: bhagavān is the highest realization of the Absolute, above Brahman and Paramātmā.
  • roṣa - samanvitaḥ — filled with anger
    Compound — roṣa (wrath) + samanvita (endowed with). Krodha is one of Bhagavān's emotional kāyas — His anger at demons is itself His mercy to devotees. Gauḍīya rasa-śāstra distinguishes raudra-rasa toward asuras from vātsalya-rasa toward Vraja; both flow from the same Person.
  • prapīḍya — pressing hard
    Gerund — having squeezed. The verb is intentional and total; the Lord finishes what He starts. In Pūtanā's case the squeeze removes both viṣa and life — viṣaya and ahaṅkāra in one motion, as the ācāryas read it.
  • durjara - vīryam — a very powerful (poison-)weapon
    Compound — durjara (hard to digest, hard to overcome) + vīrya (potency). The poison was designed to kill instantly; Kṛṣṇa drinks it as if it were milk. He alone can digest what is durjara because He is the original durjara-jit.
  • apibat — sucked (the breast)
    Aorist of pā (to drink). The same verb that will later describe His drinking the gopīs' affectionate milk in 10.6.39. The verse holds the two side by side: He drinks the demon's poison and the mother's love with the same lips, and only the bhāva of the offering decides which side it falls on.
On that very spot, the fiercely dangerous Rākṣasī took Kṛṣṇa on her lap and pushed her breast into His mouth. The nipple of her breast was smeared with a dangerous, immediately effective poison, but the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, becoming very angry at her, took hold of her breast, squeezed it very hard with both hands, and sucked out both the poison and her life.
Purport

Lord Kṛṣṇa was not angry at Pūtanā for His own sake. Rather, He was angry because the Rākṣasī had killed so many small children in Vrajabhūmi. Therefore He decided that she should be punished by having to forfeit her life.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
On that very spot, the fiercely dangerous Rākṣasī took Kṛṣṇa on her lap and pushed her breast into His mouth. The nipple of her breast was smeared with a dangerous, immediately effective poison, but the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, becoming very angry at her, took hold of her breast, squeezed it very hard with both hands, and sucked out both the poison and her life.
Commentary

In that place (tasmin) Putana (ghora—fierce woman) offered to the baby (sisoh) her breast covered with poison (durjaram viryam). He held her breast so tightly with his two hands that she could not pull him away (gadham prapidya). Filled with anger that she was going to kill all the children of Vraja by offering her breast to them, his sakti of destruction (samhara sakti) sucked out her impure life. He did not personally do this. Though we say a man cuts down the tree, actually it is the axe held by the man that cuts down the tree. Similarly it is stated that Krsna sucked out her life airs, though actually it was his samhara sakti that performed the work.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

She performed her action at that place. This shows her boldness. The poison (vīryam) was so intense (ulbaṇam) that just touching it would cause death. Śrīdhara Svāmī explains this verse. She pulled him to her lap. The verb has two objects (him and the lap). Angry at that breast since it had arrived in Vraja to kill all the babies, he drank the milk along with her life airs, since it was suitable to kill by deception since she was also deceptive. He became angry in order to drink her life airs from her breast. The power of his anger (not Kṛṣṇa personally) sucked out her impure, evil propensities, just as a man with an axe cuts down a tree. He only pretended to suck her breast. The results she would attain were because of this imitation of sucking of her breast. This anger was also temporary, and then transformed into the greatest mercy. To indicate this, Kṛṣṇa is called Bhagavān, filled with qualities like compassion which never leave him. This will be revealed later. Since he was absorbed in his infant pastimes, his śakti acted on his behalf. All his śaktis performed appropriately since they were waiting for opportunities to serve while he was absorbed in his infant mood. Śrīdhara Svāmī says that Kṛṣṇa understood that this poison was not suitable for food. Poison cannot kill a person filled already filled with poison (Pūtanā). Therefore he thought “I will mix her life airs with mine in order to that they become purified by association.”

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

At that time or in that place (tasmin), she offered her breast, which had unrelenting (durjara), powerful, sharp (ulbanam) poison. Just by touching it one would die. The Lord, full of qualities like mercy, but also greatly angry at the number of infants she had previously killed, pressed her forcibly against his chest. Or he drank as if angry, since in drinking her life air he was most merciful to her. This becomes clear later.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Shaucha (Cleanliness / Purity)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Bhakti (Devotion)
Related verses
SB 10.6.7 SB 10.6.8 SB 10.6.9 SB 10.6.11 SB 10.6.12 SB 10.6.13 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 2.47 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Kṛṣṇa's wrath at Pūtanā is real compassion — He punishes the destroyer of children, teaching us that true mercy protects souls, not appearances.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today where you confuse niceness with compassion, and refuse to stay silent when a real harm is being done to someone's spiritual welfare.
  • Take one hidden 'poisoned offering' in your life — flattery, indulgence, distraction dressed as care — and squeeze it dry by naming it honestly to yourself before the Lord.
  • Speak to or pray for a child today with the awareness that Kṛṣṇa Himself defends the innocent; commit one concrete act to protect the young in your circle.
Analogy

Kṛṣṇa angrily seizing Pūtanā's poisoned breast is the surgeon who finds the abscess and lances it on the spot — not gently, because gentleness here would be cruelty to the child still in the room. His krodha is not the temper of a slighted infant; it is the same krodha that drew Sudarśana on Ambarīṣa's behalf.

Stories
Nṛsiṁhadeva on the threshold

When Prahlāda's torments reached their limit, the Lord burst out of the pillar as Nṛsiṁha (SB 7.8), placed Hiraṇyakaśipu on His own lap, and tore him open at the precise twilight on the precise threshold — a krodha so exact that the universe trembled, yet Prahlāda alone could approach Him and calm Him.

The baby on Pūtanā's lap and Nṛsiṁha on His own lap are the same Lord in two postures: His wrath at child-killers is never anger in the human sense — it is the protective fire of a Bhagavān who refuses to let the innocent be ground under.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.11

↗
సా ముఞ్చ ముఞ్చాలమితి ప్రభాషిణీ నిష్పీడ్యమానాఖిలజీవమర్మణి । వివృత్య నేత్రే చరణౌ భుజౌ ముహు: ప్రస్విన్నగాత్రా క్షిపతీ రురోద హ ॥ ౧౧ ॥
sā muñca muñcālam iti prabhāṣiṇī
[saa muncha munchaalam iti prabhaashinee]
niṣpīḍyamānākhila-jīva-marmaṇi
[nishpeedyamaanaakhila-jeeva-marmani]
vivṛtya netre caraṇau bhujau muhuḥ
[vivritya netre charanau bhujau muhuh]
prasvinna-gātrā kṣipatī ruroda ha
[prasvinna-gaatraa kshipatee ruroda ha]
Word-for-word
sā — she (Pūtanā Rākṣasī) muñca — give up muñca — give up alam — suck my breast no longer iti — thus prabhāṣiṇī — crying niṣpīḍyamānā — being pressed severely akhila - jīva - marmaṇi — in every center of her vitality vivṛtya — opening wide netre — her two eyes caraṇau — two legs bhujau — two hands muhuḥ — again and again prasvinna - gātrā — with her body perspiring kṣipatī — throwing ruroda — cried severely ha — indeed .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
sā muñca muñcālam iti prabhāṣiṇī
sā
she (Pūtanā Rākṣasī)
muñca
give up
muñca
give up
alam
suck my breast no longer
iti
thus
prabhāṣiṇī
crying
niṣpīḍyamānākhila-jīva-marmaṇi
niṣpīḍyamānā
being pressed severely
akhila - jīva - marmaṇi
in every center of her vitality
vivṛtya netre caraṇau bhujau muhuḥ
vivṛtya
opening wide
netre
her two eyes
caraṇau
two legs
bhujau
two hands
muhuḥ
again and again
prasvinna-gātrā kṣipatī ruroda ha
prasvinna - gātrā
with her body perspiring
kṣipatī
throwing
ruroda
cried severely
ha
indeed .
Important Words
  • akhila - jīva - marmaṇi — in every center of her vitality
    Compound — akhila (all) + jīva (living force) + marman (vital point, locative plural). Vedic anatomy names 107 marmas; Kṛṣṇa presses all of them simultaneously. The verse insists that Pūtanā's annihilation is total, not symbolic — there is no part of her false-mother form left to regroup.
  • muñca — give up / leave (me)
    Imperative of muc (to release). Repeated for force. The same root underlies mokṣa — and indeed by being unable to make Kṛṣṇa muñca her, she ends up receiving mokṣa from Him in verse 35. The verb she shouts at Him becomes the gift He gives her.
  • niṣpīḍyamānā — being severely pressed
    Passive present participle of niṣpīḍ (to press out, squeeze). The grammar is passive — she is not acting, she is being acted upon. Māyā's whole stance reverses: from agent to patient, from holder to held.
  • prasvinna - gātrā — with her body perspiring
    Compound — prasvinna (perspiring) + gātra (body, feminine). Bhāgavata catalogs the involuntary signs of breakdown — sweat, wide eyes, flailing limbs — to make the unmasking complete and undeniable. The mother-disguise drips off her in sweat.
  • ruroda — cried severely
    Perfect of rud (to weep, wail). The Bhāgavata gives the demon her actual voice for the first time — and it is a wail, not the seductive lullaby of verses 5–7. Speech tells the truth where appearance lied.
Unbearably pressed in every vital point, the demon Pūtanā began to cry, “Please leave me, leave me! Suck my breast no longer!” Perspiring, her eyes wide open and her arms and legs flailing, she cried very loudly again and again.
Purport

The Rākṣasī was severely punished by Kṛṣṇa. She threw her arms and legs about, and Kṛṣṇa also began to kick her with His legs to punish her properly for her mischievous activities.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Unbearably pressed in every vital point, the demon Pūtanā began to cry, "Please leave me, leave me! Suck my breast no longer!" Perspiring, her eyes wide open and her arms and legs flailing, she cried very loudly again and again.
Commentary

Being squeezed by the child in all her sensitive points, she began flailing her hands and legs.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

After saying “get away from me” she could not repeat it since she had no strength to utter any more. He pressed all the points (marma) containing life in her body. She cried out in pain, while crying. The word ha expresses joy.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

She shouted loudly, but uselessly (alam). He pressed all the points where life resided in her. She cried loudly. Ha expresses bliss.

Related values & verses
Related values
Discriminative WisdomAbhaya (Fearlessness)Vinaya (Humility / Modesty)Prema (Divine Love)
Related verses
SB 10.6.8 SB 10.6.9 SB 10.6.10 SB 10.6.12 SB 10.6.13 SB 10.6.14 BG 5.4 BG 10.4 BG 12.6 BG 1.21 BG 2.31 BG 15.9
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Even the demoness Pūtanā, struck at every vital point by Kṛṣṇa, must cry out and release her grip — what we cling to in māyā cannot withstand His touch.
Practical Applications
  • Name one viṣaya you have been 'feeding' as Pūtanā fed Kṛṣṇa, and today refuse it one concrete time — skip the scroll, the snack, the second look.
  • When an attachment screams 'leave me, leave me!' as it loosens, do not rescue it; let Kṛṣṇa finish the work and chant His names through the discomfort.
  • Before sleep, offer your day's vital points — ambitions, fears, resentments — to Kṛṣṇa's feet, asking Him to press out whatever is not bhakti.
Analogy

Pūtanā shrieking 'muñca, muñca' is the householder addicted to a viṣaya finally crying for it to release him — not the other way around. By the time Kṛṣṇa squeezes the vital points, the chain that looked like the demon's grip on Him is revealed to be Kṛṣṇa's grip on her, and she begs for the very freedom she was sure she had taken.

Stories
Ajāmila at the moment of death

The fallen brāhmaṇa Ajāmila (SB 6.1–3), in his last agony, called his son Nārāyaṇa's name — and the Viṣṇudūtas appeared. He had not meant to chant; the Yamadūtas were already pressing on his vital points (marma). The cry came out anyway, and Hari was bound by His own name.

Pūtanā's 'muñca, muñca' is the bookend: she too is in marmaṇi pressure, she too cries out at the very person whose name is destroying and liberating her in one motion. Even the unwanted scream toward Kṛṣṇa is not wasted.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.12

↗
తస్యా: స్వనేనాతిగభీరరంహసా సాద్రిర్మహీ ద్యౌశ్చ చచాల సగ్రహా । రసా దిశశ్చ ప్రతినేదిరే జనా: పేతు: క్షితౌ వజ్రనిపాతశఙ్కయా ॥ ౧౨ ॥
tasyāḥ svanenātigabhīra-raṁhasā
[tasyaah svanenaatigabheera-ramhasaa]
sādrir mahī dyauś ca cacāla sa-grahā
[saadrir mahee dyaush cha chachaala sa-grahaa]
rasā diśaś ca pratinedire janāḥ
[rasaa dishash cha pratinedire janaah]
petuḥ kṣitau vajra-nipāta-śaṅkayā
[petuh kshitau vajra-nipaata-shankayaa]
Word-for-word
tasyāḥ — of the great Rākṣasī Pūtanā svanena — by the vibration of the sound ati — very gabhīra — deep raṁhasā — forceful sa - adriḥ — with the mountains mahī — the surface of the world dyauḥ ca — and outer space cacāla — trembled sa - grahā — with the stars rasā — below the planet earth diśaḥ ca — and all directions pratinedire — vibrated janāḥ — people in general petuḥ — fell down kṣitau — on the surface of the world vajra - nipāta - śaṅkayā — by suspecting that thunderbolts were falling .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tasyāḥ svanenātigabhīra-raṁhasā
tasyāḥ
of the great Rākṣasī Pūtanā
svanena
by the vibration of the sound
ati
very
gabhīra
deep
raṁhasā
forceful
sādrir mahī dyauś ca cacāla sa-grahā
sa - adriḥ
with the mountains
mahī
the surface of the world
dyauḥ ca
and outer space
cacāla
trembled
sa - grahā
with the stars
rasā
below the planet earth
rasā diśaś ca pratinedire janāḥ
diśaḥ ca
and all directions
pratinedire
vibrated
janāḥ
people in general
petuḥ kṣitau vajra-nipāta-śaṅkayā
petuḥ
fell down
kṣitau
on the surface of the world
vajra - nipāta - śaṅkayā
by suspecting that thunderbolts were falling .
Important Words
  • svanena — by the vibration of the sound
    Instrumental of svana (sound). Sound is the primary disturber and the primary protector in Bhāgavata — the demon's svana shakes the worlds; the Lord's nāma-svana (verse 28) calms them. Two sounds, opposite effects.
  • vajra - nipāta - śaṅkayā — by the fear that thunderbolts were falling
    Compound — vajra (thunderbolt) + nipāta (falling) + śaṅkā (suspicion). The cosmic register: even Indra's weapon-sound is the closest analogue people can find for a Rākṣasī's death-howl. The verse silently signals what is coming — by 10.6.13, she will fall 'like Vṛtrāsura struck by vajra.'
  • ati gabhīra raṁhasā — very deep and forceful
    These adjacent modifiers — ati (very) + gabhīra (deep) + raṁhasā (with force) — stack to convey scale. Bhāgavata likes to set up cosmic disturbance in one verse only to set Kṛṣṇa's quiet unconcern against it in the next.
  • cacāla — trembled
    Perfect of cal (to move, shake). The earth's trembling is the standard Purāṇic signature of a demon's death — used for Hiraṇyakaśipu, Vṛtra, Kaṁsa. The verse situates Pūtanā in that line.
  • pratinedire — (the directions) vibrated
    Perfect middle plural of prati-nad (to resound). Directions themselves echo back the death-cry. In Gauḍīya cosmography, dik (direction) and grahas (planets) are personalities; they too are 'witnessing' the Lord's first public act in Vraja.
As Pūtanā screamed loudly and forcefully, the earth with its mountains, and outer space with its planets, trembled. The lower planets and all directions vibrated, and people fell down, fearing that thunderbolts were falling upon them.
Purport

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura remarks that in this verse the word rasā refers to the planetary systems below the earth, such as Rasātala, Atala, Vitala, Sutala and Talātala.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
As Pūtanā screamed loudly and forcefully, the earth with its mountains, and outer space with its planets, trembled. The lower planets and all directions vibrated, and people fell down, fearing that thunderbolts were falling upon them.
Commentary

Rasa means rasatala and other lower planets.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The earth and lower planets trembled and echoed the sound, and the directions echoed the sound. The people had never heard such a loud sound and thus fell to the ground.

Related values & verses
Related values
Bhakti (Devotion)Prema (Divine Love)
Related verses
SB 10.6.9 SB 10.6.10 SB 10.6.11 SB 10.6.13 SB 10.6.14 SB 10.6.15
Concepts
RasaJiva
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Pūtanā's scream shakes the three worlds, yet baby Kṛṣṇa is unmoved — surrender to Him is the one shelter when reality itself seems to tremble.
Practical Applications
  • When today's news or a personal crisis makes the ground feel like it's shaking, pause and chant Kṛṣṇa's names before reacting.
  • Notice where you give cosmic weight to a 'scream' — a boss's anger, a market drop, a diagnosis — and consciously place that fear at Kṛṣṇa's feet instead.
  • Refuse to mistake loud disturbances for ultimate reality; return to one fixed sādhana (japa, reading, offering) that does not bend to the noise.
Analogy

Pūtanā's death-cry shaking the three worlds while baby Kṛṣṇa rests on her chest is like a thunderclap rolling across a kitchen courtyard where a lamp is still burning steadily on the windowsill — the room is full of noise, but the flame does not even bend. Saraṇāgati is that flame.

Stories
Hanumān at the burning of Laṅkā

When Hanumān torched Rāvaṇa's city (Rāmāyaṇa, Sundara-kāṇḍa), the heavens roared, citizens screamed, monsters ran. Sītā, in the Aśoka-vana, kept Her mind on Rāma alone. The thunder of the worlds did not move Her one breath because Her shelter was elsewhere.

The baby Kṛṣṇa unmoved on Pūtanā's chest in 10.6.12 is the cosmic-scale form of the same shelter: when one is fixed in Bhagavān, the screams of māyā remain mere weather.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.13

↗
నిశాచరీత్థం వ్యథితస్తనా వ్యసు- ర్వ్యాదాయ కేశాంశ్చరణౌ భుజావపి । ప్రసార్య గోష్ఠే నిజరూపమాస్థితా వజ్రాహతో వృత్ర ఇవాపతన్నృప ॥ ౧౩ ॥
niśā-carītthaṁ vyathita-stanā vyasur
[nishaa-chareettham vyathita-stanaa vyasur]
vyādāya keśāṁś caraṇau bhujāv api
[vyaadaaya keshaamsh charanau bhujaav api]
prasārya goṣṭhe nija-rūpam āsthitā
[prasaarya goshthe nija-roopam aasthitaa]
vajrāhato vṛtra ivāpatan nṛpa
[vajraahato vritra ivaapatan nripa]
Word-for-word
niśā - carī — the Rākṣasī ittham — in this way vyathita - stanā — being severely aggrieved because of pressure on her breast vyasuḥ — lost her life vyādāya — opening her mouth wide keśān — bunch of hairs caraṇau — her two legs bhujau — her two hands api — also prasārya — expanding goṣṭhe — in the pasturing ground nija - rūpam āsthitā — remained in her original demoniac form vajra - āhataḥ — killed by the thunderbolt of Indra vṛtraḥ — Vṛtrāsura iva — as if apatat — fell down nṛpa — O King .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
niśā-carītthaṁ vyathita-stanā vyasur
niśā - carī
the Rākṣasī
ittham
in this way
vyathita - stanā
being severely aggrieved because of pressure on her breast
vyasuḥ
lost her life
vyādāya keśāṁś caraṇau bhujāv api
vyādāya
opening her mouth wide
keśān
bunch of hairs
caraṇau
her two legs
bhujau
her two hands
api
also
prasārya goṣṭhe nija-rūpam āsthitā
prasārya
expanding
goṣṭhe
in the pasturing ground
nija - rūpam āsthitā
remained in her original demoniac form
vajrāhato vṛtra ivāpatan nṛpa
vajra - āhataḥ
killed by the thunderbolt of Indra
vṛtraḥ
Vṛtrāsura
iva
as if
apatat
fell down
nṛpa
O King .
Important Words
  • vyasuḥ — lost her life
    Compound — vi (away) + asu (vital breath). The breath has been driven out at the marmas. In the Bhāgavata's economy, even this losing of breath is, paradoxically, a winning — verses 35–36 reveal that her contact with Kṛṣṇa's mouth has already done the deeper work.
  • nija - rūpam āsthitā — (she) assumed her original form
    Compound — nija (own) + rūpa (form) + āsthitā (situated). The māyā-yoṣit collapses; the actual rūpa appears. Acintya-bhedābheda corollary applied to māyā: the false form had real consequences, but the moment of grace forces the genuine rūpa back into view.
  • vajra - āhataḥ vṛtraḥ iva — as if (she fell) like Vṛtrāsura struck by the thunderbolt
    Bhāgavata frequently locates a new episode by simile to a famous earlier one. Vṛtra-vadha is the paradigm of asura-collapse; Pūtanā's death is being entered into that lineage. Adjacent tokens vajra-āhataḥ + vṛtraḥ + iva can be cited together as the simile-unit.
  • goṣṭhe — in the pasturing ground
    Locative of goṣṭha (cow-enclosure, pasture). She falls in Vraja's own pastureland — the most intimate Kṛṣṇa-soil. Even her corpse, by location alone, is already in the field of His mercy.
  • niśā - carī — the Rākṣasī (lit. night-wanderer)
    Compound — niśā (night) + cara (mover). Standard Bhāgavata term for rākṣasīs, who do their work in darkness. Verses 5–7 dressed her as a daylight beauty; verse 13 returns her to her actual category. Māyā is always a night-mover even when it borrows the sun's costume.
In this way the demon Pūtanā, very much aggrieved because her breast was being attacked by Kṛṣṇa, lost her life. O King Parīkṣit, opening her mouth wide and spreading her arms, legs and hair, she fell down in the pasturing ground in her original form as a Rākṣasī, as Vṛtrāsura had fallen when killed by the thunderbolt of Indra.
Purport

Pūtanā was a great Rākṣasī who knew the art of covering her original form by mystic power, but when she was killed her mystic power could not hide her, and she appeared in her original form.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
In this way the demon Pūtanā, very much aggrieved because her breast was being attacked by Kṛṣṇa, lost her life. O King Parīkṣit, opening her mouth wide and spreading her arms, legs and hair, she fell down in the pasturing ground in her original form as a Rākṣasī, as Vṛtrāsura had fallen when killed by the thunderbolt of Indra.
Commentary

Because of the pain of death, the raksasi could not maintain her disguise as a beautiful woman and reverted to her raksasi form.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Her original form was that of an owl. This is mentioned previously. Tokena jīva-haraṇaṁ yad ulūki-kāyāḥ: he killed the woman with the body of an owl when he was a child. (SB 1.2.27) The word goṣṭhe here means “near a place kept for milking the cows, not where people were living.” Moving her feet, she crushed trees. She flailed her arms as if trying to fly like a bird. It was previously mentioned that she flew to Vraja. O king! Understanding this story, you will protect the people (nṛpa).

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The pain in her breast was the main cause of her dying. She is compared to Vṛtra because she had a huge body and like him attained the spiritual world. Śukadeva calls to the king in joy. Or like you, a king, who protects people from the wicked, Kṛṣṇa protected Vraja from the body of Pūtanā.

Her original form was that of an owl. This is mentioned previously. Tokena jīva-haraṇaṁ yad ulūki-kāyāḥ: he killed the woman with the body of an owl when he was a child. (SB 1.2.27) The word goṣṭhe here means “near a place kept for milking the cows, not where people were living.” Moving her feet, she crushed trees. She flailed her arms as if trying to fly like a bird. It was previously mentioned that she flew to Vraja. O king! Understanding this story, you will protect the people (nṛpa).

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Bhakti (Devotion)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)Raksha (Protective Responsibility)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Tyaga (Renunciation / Letting Go)
Related verses
SB 10.6.10 SB 10.6.11 SB 10.6.12 SB 10.6.14 SB 10.6.15 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Māyā's disguises collapse at the touch of Kṛṣṇa — what looks nourishing but conceals death is exposed the moment He is allowed to act.
Practical Applications
  • Name one 'Pūtanā' in your life today — a pleasure, feed, or relationship that wears a maternal face but quietly drains you — and cut contact with it before nightfall.
  • Before accepting any offering today (food, advice, attention), pause and ask whose interest it actually serves, then refuse what cannot be offered to Kṛṣṇa first.
  • When a glamour you have been chasing falls apart, refuse the urge to rebuild it; sit with the exposed Rākṣasī-form and thank Kṛṣṇa for the unmasking.
Analogy

Pūtanā's costume falls off as she dies, and what hits the ground in her true rākṣasī form is what we ourselves look like in māyā when grace finally rips the disguise. Like Vṛtra falling at the touch of Indra's vajra, every demoniac pretense in us falls at the touch of Kṛṣṇa — not gradually, but at one stroke once He chooses to act.

Stories
Vṛtrāsura's actual heart

Bhāgavatam (SB 6.10–12) records that the very Vṛtra slain by Indra's thunderbolt was in his previous life Citraketu, an exalted devotee. Even his demoniac form, when at last cut down, revealed a soul who praised Hari with his dying breath.

The verse compares Pūtanā's collapse to Vṛtra's, and the parallel is not only cosmic in scale — it also quietly foreshadows verses 35–36, where this Rākṣasī, killed by Kṛṣṇa, attains the position of a Vaikuṇṭha mother. The vajra of bhakti looks like destruction; it is in fact deliverance.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.14

↗
పతమానోఽపి తద్దేహస్త్రిగవ్యూత్యన్తరద్రుమాన్ । చూర్ణయామాస రాజేన్ద్ర మహదాసీత్తదద్భ‍ుతమ్ ॥ ౧౪ ॥
patamāno ’pi tad-dehas
[patamaano ’pi tad-dehas]
tri-gavyūty-antara-drumān
[tri-gavyooty-antara-drumaan]
cūrṇayām āsa rājendra
[choornayaam aasa raajendra]
mahad āsīt tad adbhutam
[mahad aaseet tad adbhutam]
Word-for-word
patamānaḥ api — even while falling down tat - dehaḥ — her gigantic body tri - gavyūti - antara — within a limit of twelve miles drumān — all kinds of trees cūrṇayām āsa — smashed rājendra — O King Parīkṣit mahat āsīt — was quite gigantic tat — that body adbhutam — and very, very wonderful .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
patamāno ’pi tad-dehas
patamānaḥ api
even while falling down
tat - dehaḥ
her gigantic body
tri-gavyūty-antara-drumān
tri - gavyūti - antara
within a limit of twelve miles
drumān
all kinds of trees
cūrṇayām āsa rājendra
cūrṇayām āsa
smashed
rājendra
O King Parīkṣit
mahad āsīt tad adbhutam
mahat āsīt
was quite gigantic
tat
that body
adbhutam
and very, very wonderful .
Important Words
  • tri - gavyūti - antara — within a limit of twelve miles
    Compound — tri (three) + gavyūti (a Vedic unit, roughly four miles, lit. the range of a cow's lowing) + antara (within). The pasture-unit measures the demon's scale: every Vrajavāsī's ear and ax-blow will be involved in the cleanup.
  • drumān — trees
    Accusative plural of druma. The trees of Vraja are devotees in tree-form per later cantos (SB 10.21, the gopīs' praise of Vṛndāvana). Their being crushed under Pūtanā's body is, on one level, the Vrajavāsīs themselves shaken; on another, it is the visible proof for them that an asura had walked among them.
  • cūrṇayām āsa — smashed (to powder)
    Periphrastic perfect of cūrṇaya (to pulverize). Even the falling of the demon-body is destructive — Bhāgavata refuses to romanticize her exit. And yet verse 41 will tell us the burning of that same body produced aguru fragrance: the Lord transmutes even her wreckage.
  • adbhutam — wonderful, extraordinary
    Neuter — modifies tat (that body). The same word the gopīs use for Kṛṣṇa's deeds (verse 18). Bhāgavata holds the two senses together: the demon was extraordinary, the Lord more so.
  • mahat āsīt — was quite gigantic
    Phrase — mahat (great) + āsīt (was). Adjacent tokens used to register pure scale, with a subtle note: even mahat in the demoniac sense is finite, and finite things fall when the Unlimited (anantam, 10.6.8) takes off His shoes and stands up.
O King Parīkṣit, when the gigantic body of Pūtanā fell to the ground, it smashed all the trees within a limit of twelve miles. Appearing in a gigantic body, she was certainly extraordinary.
Purport

Because of the grievous hurt imposed upon her by Kṛṣṇa’s sucking her breast, Pūtanā, while dying, not only left the room but abandoned the village and fell down in the pasturing ground in her gigantic body.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
O King Parīkṣit, when the gigantic body of Pūtanā fell to the ground, it smashed all the trees within a limit of twelve miles. Appearing in a gigantic body, she was certainly extraordinary.
Commentary

Because of the pain, Putana ran out of the house, passed out of the village and fell on the outskirts. The word "api" is used here to signify that not only while living, but even in dying, she was killing other living entities. All the trees within an area of six krosas were crushed. It was remarkable that only the trees were crushed, her body having avoided crushing the houses of the village. These trees belonged to Kamsa’s garden, whose fruits were for his enjoyment, according to Vaisvana Tosini (Jiva’s commentary).

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Other astonishing facts are mentioned. Not only while living did she kill others, but in dying also she killed the trees all around for six krośas. This is signified by the word api. It was most astonishing that she crushed the trees for such a distance. Śukadeva addresses Parīkṣit as king of kings so that he can understand this and the glory of the Lord’s līlā-śakti.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Other astonishing facts are mentioned. Not only while living did she kill others, but in dying also while falling (patamāno ‘pi) she killed the trees all around for six krośas. Or even in falling she was in great pain. Or even in that body (tad-dehaḥ api), she was killing entities because the body was huge. She crushed the trees for six krośas, but not other living beings. That was most astonishing. O king! Because you are a great king you should believe this.

Related values & verses
Related verses
SB 10.6.11 SB 10.6.12 SB 10.6.13 SB 10.6.15
Concepts
JivaLila
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Pūtanā's gigantic, tree-smashing corpse shows what false motherhood truly is — yet even she fell within Kṛṣṇa's range; demoniac scale dies at His touch.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today where you are impressed by sheer scale — wealth, follower counts, institutional size — and remember that Pūtanā too was 'extraordinary.'
  • Refuse to confuse outward magnitude with spiritual potency; measure the people and projects in your life by their relation to Kṛṣṇa, not their footprint.
  • When a 'gigantic' fear or obstacle looms in your day, recall that it falls within Kṛṣṇa's twelve-mile pasture — name it aloud and continue your sādhana.
Analogy

Pūtanā's twelve-mile corpse flattening the trees of Vraja is the demon-mountain that towered over your sādhana for years finally toppling into a single afternoon — every habit and association that grew around it splintering at once. What looked like a permanent feature of the landscape was always living on borrowed time within Kṛṣṇa's pasture.

Stories
Kumbhakarṇa's fall

When Kumbhakarṇa, Rāvaṇa's gigantic brother, finally fell to Rāma's arrows on the battlefield of Laṅkā (Rāmāyaṇa, Yuddha-kāṇḍa), his body crashed across formations, crushing chariots and ranks. His scale had terrified the vānaras; his fall pressed the lesson home: no extraordinary magnitude survives the Lord.

Pūtanā's tri-gavyūti corpse plays the same note in Vraja's softer register. The wonder is not that she was huge — it is that something that huge fell within twelve miles of where the infant Kṛṣṇa was lying.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.15-17

↗
ఈషామాత్రోగ్రదంష్ట్రాస్యం గిరికన్దరనాసికమ్ । గణ్డశైలస్తనం రౌద్రం ప్రకీర్ణారుణమూర్ధజమ్ ॥ ౧౫ ॥ అన్ధకూపగభీరాక్షం పులినారోహభీషణమ్ । బద్ధసేతుభుజోర్వఙ్‍‍ఘ్రి శూన్యతోయహ్రదోదరమ్ ॥ ౧౬ ॥ సన్తత్రసు: స్మ తద్వీక్ష్య గోపా గోప్య: కలేవరమ్ । పూర్వం తు తన్ని:స్వనితభిన్నహృత్కర్ణమస్తకా: ॥ ౧౭ ॥
īṣā-mātrogra-daṁṣṭrāsyaṁ
[eeshaa-maatrogra-damshtraasyam]
giri-kandara-nāsikam
[giri-kandara-naasikam]
gaṇḍa-śaila-stanaṁ raudraṁ
[ganda-shaila-stanam raudram]
prakīrṇāruṇa-mūrdhajam
[prakeernaaruna-moordhajam]
andha-kūpa-gabhīrākṣaṁ
[andha-koopa-gabheeraaksham]
pulināroha-bhīṣaṇam
[pulinaaroha-bheeshanam]
baddha-setu-bhujorv-aṅghri
[baddha-setu-bhujorv-anghri]
śūnya-toya-hradodaram
[shoonya-toya-hradodaram]
santatrasuḥ sma tad vīkṣya
[santatrasuh sma tad veekshya]
gopā gopyaḥ kalevaram
[gopaa gopyah kalevaram]
pūrvaṁ tu tan-niḥsvanita-
[poorvam tu tan-nihsvanita-]
bhinna-hṛt-karṇa-mastakāḥ
[bhinna-hrit-karna-mastakaah]
Word-for-word
īṣā - mātra — like the front of a plow ugra — fierce daṁṣṭra — the teeth āsyam — having a mouth in which giri - kandara — like mountain caves nāsikam — the nostrils of whom gaṇḍa - śaila — like big slabs of stone stanam — the breasts of whom raudram — very fierce prakīrṇa — scattered aruṇa - mūrdha - jam — whose hair was the color of copper andha - kūpa — like blind wells gabhīra — deep akṣam — eye sockets pulina - āroha - bhīṣaṇam — whose thighs were fearful like the banks of a river baddha - setu - bhuja - uru - aṅghri — whose arms, thighs and feet were strongly built bridges śūnya - toya - hrada - udaram — whose abdomen was like a lake without water santatrasuḥ sma — became frightened tat — that vīkṣya — seeing gopāḥ — the cowherd men gopyaḥ — and the cowherd women kalevaram — such a gigantic body pūrvam tu — before that tat - niḥsvanita — because of her loud vibration bhinna — were shocked hṛt — whose hearts karṇa — ears mastakāḥ — and heads .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
īṣā-mātrogra-daṁṣṭrāsyaṁ
īṣā - mātra
like the front of a plow
ugra
fierce
daṁṣṭra
the teeth
āsyam
having a mouth in which
giri-kandara-nāsikam
giri - kandara
like mountain caves
nāsikam
the nostrils of whom
gaṇḍa-śaila-stanaṁ raudraṁ
gaṇḍa - śaila
like big slabs of stone
stanam
the breasts of whom
raudram
very fierce
prakīrṇāruṇa-mūrdhajam
prakīrṇa
scattered
aruṇa - mūrdha - jam
whose hair was the color of copper
andha-kūpa-gabhīrākṣaṁ
andha - kūpa
like blind wells
gabhīra
deep
akṣam
eye sockets
pulināroha-bhīṣaṇam
pulina - āroha - bhīṣaṇam
whose thighs were fearful like the banks of a river
baddha-setu-bhujorv-aṅghri
baddha - setu - bhuja - uru - aṅghri
whose arms, thighs and feet were strongly built bridges
śūnya-toya-hradodaram
śūnya - toya - hrada - udaram
whose abdomen was like a lake without water
santatrasuḥ sma tad vīkṣya
santatrasuḥ sma
became frightened
tat
that
vīkṣya
seeing
gopā gopyaḥ kalevaram
gopāḥ
the cowherd men
gopyaḥ
and the cowherd women
kalevaram
such a gigantic body
pūrvaṁ tu tan-niḥsvanita-
pūrvam tu
before that
tat - niḥsvanita
because of her loud vibration
bhinna-hṛt-karṇa-mastakāḥ
bhinna
were shocked
hṛt
whose hearts
karṇa
ears
mastakāḥ
and heads .
Important Words
  • īṣā - mātra — (teeth) like the front of a plow
    Compound — īṣā (plow-shaft) + mātra (measure). Vedic agricultural imagery. The very tools that till Vraja's fields are weaponized in this comparison — domestic life, when distorted by māyā, can grow teeth.
  • andha - kūpa — (eye-sockets) like blind wells
    Compound — andha (blind) + kūpa (well). Blind wells, in Vedic practice, are wells one no longer draws from, often covered. The image suggests the cessation of vision in the demoniac form — and stands quietly against the alert, all-seeing Hṛṣīkeśa of verse 24.
  • śūnya - toya - hrada - udaram — abdomen like a dried-up lake
    Compound — śūnya (empty) + toya (water) + hrada (pool) + udara (belly). The Bhāgavata's deliberate gloss on the asuric belly: an exhausted reservoir, drained of life. The contrast is the Vrajavāsīs' own jīvanam, kept full by Kṛṣṇa.
  • raudram — very fierce
    Adjective from rudra (terrifying). Names the rasa of the moment — raudra-rasa, terror at the asura unmasked. In Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra raudra is a vibhāva-class normally reserved for descriptions of demons or of Kṛṣṇa's krodha against them; both senses converge here.
  • santatrasuḥ sma — (the gopas and gopīs) became frightened
    Perfect plural of saṁ-tras (to be very afraid) + sma. The Vrajavāsīs' bhaya is not a defect — it sharpens their dependence on Kṛṣṇa and prepares the protective mantras of 22–29. Bhaya rightly placed becomes śaraṇāgati.
The Rākṣasī’s mouth was full of teeth, each resembling the front of a plow, her nostrils were deep like mountain caves, and her breasts resembled big slabs of stone fallen from a hill. Her scattered hair was the color of copper. The sockets of her eyes appeared like deep blind wells, her fearful thighs resembled the banks of a river, her arms, legs and feet seemed like big bridges, and her abdomen appeared like a dried-up lake. The hearts, ears and heads of the cowherd men and women were already shocked by the Rākṣasī’s screaming, and when they saw the fierce wonder of her body, they were even more frightened.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The Rākṣasī's mouth was full of teeth, each resembling the front of a plow, her nostrils were deep like mountain caves, and her breasts resembled big slabs of stone fallen from a hill. Her scattered hair was the color of copper. The sockets of her eyes appeared like deep blind wells, her fearful thighs resembled the banks of a river, her arms, legs and feet seemed like big bridges, and her abdomen appeared like a dried-up lake. The hearts, ears and heads of the cowherd men and women were already shocked by the Rākṣasī's screaming, and when they saw the fierce wonder of her body, they were even more frightened.
Commentary

Seeing her body, the cowherd men and women became frightened. Her teeth were as large as ploughshares. Her nostrils were as deep as mountain caves. Her waist was like the bank of a river. All of this was terrible to see. Her hands, feet and thighs were like bridges and her belly was like a dried up lake. Already having their hearts, ears and heads shattered by her sound, on seeing her form they became more frightened.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Her ferocious nature is described with eight characteristics. Her thighs were frightening. Previously her loud wailing was frightening and now everyone understood that she was the killer of children. Seeing her, the cowherds could understand she was a demon. They were frightened out of affection for Kṛṣṇa. Sma indicates that they became completely frightened. This was directly visible.

Related values & verses
Related values
Discriminative WisdomAbhaya (Fearlessness)Vinaya (Humility / Modesty)Prema (Divine Love)
Related verses
SB 10.6.12 SB 10.6.13 SB 10.6.14 SB 10.6.18 BG 5.4 BG 10.4 BG 12.6 BG 1.21 BG 2.31 BG 15.9
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Pūtanā's monstrous form unmasks māyā: what dazzles or terrifies the senses is hollow — only Kṛṣṇa's shelter steadies the heart.
Practical Applications
  • Notice one image today (news, scroll, gossip) that hijacks your heart through fear or fascination, and consciously withdraw the senses (vairāgya) back to Kṛṣṇa's name.
  • When dread rises in the body, refuse to let it dictate action — chant the holy name aloud and let abhaya, not adrenaline, decide your next step.
  • Speak to someone who is shaken by a frightening appearance in their life and gently point past the form to the shelter of Kṛṣṇa, not to mere reassurance.
Analogy

Pūtanā's body in its original form — teeth like plowshares, breasts like fallen boulders, an abdomen like a dried lake — is the inventory of māyā after Kṛṣṇa lifts the veil. The same components that, dressed and perfumed, drew the men of Vraja, now drive them to terror. Without Kṛṣṇa-conscious sight, we have been admiring the same boulders all along.

Stories
Bhīṣma's vision on the bed of arrows

Lying pierced on śara-talpa during the last days of the Mahābhārata, Bhīṣma instructed Yudhiṣṭhira in the Śānti-parva and Anuśāsana-parva on what the body, the kingdom, and the world really are — temporary, decaying, and worthy only insofar as they are offered to Hari.

Verses 15–17 of SB 10.6 give Vraja its own śara-talpa moment in compressed form: the Vrajavāsīs see, in one corpse, the truth about all bodies. After such a vision, only Kṛṣṇa is shelter, not form, not strength, not magnitude.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.18

↗
బాలం చ తస్యా ఉరసి క్రీడన్తమకుతోభయమ్ । గోప్యస్తూర్ణం సమభ్యేత్య జగృహుర్జాతసమ్భ్రమా: ॥ ౧౮ ॥
bālaṁ ca tasyā urasi
[baalam cha tasyaa urasi]
krīḍantam akutobhayam
[kreedantam akutobhayam]
gopyas tūrṇaṁ samabhyetya
[gopyas toornam samabhyetya]
jagṛhur jāta-sambhramāḥ
[jagrihur jaata-sambhramaah]
Word-for-word
bālam ca — the child also tasyāḥ — of that (Rākṣasī Pūtanā) urasi — on the upper portion of the breast krīḍantam — engaged in playing akutobhayam — without fear gopyaḥ — all the cowherd women tūrṇam — immediately samabhyetya — coming near jagṛhuḥ — picked up jāta - sambhramāḥ — with the same affection and respect they always maintained .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
bālaṁ ca tasyā urasi
bālam ca
the child also
tasyāḥ
of that (Rākṣasī Pūtanā)
urasi
on the upper portion of the breast
krīḍantam akutobhayam
krīḍantam
engaged in playing
akutobhayam
without fear
gopyas tūrṇaṁ samabhyetya
gopyaḥ
all the cowherd women
tūrṇam
immediately
samabhyetya
coming near
jagṛhur jāta-sambhramāḥ
jagṛhuḥ
picked up
jāta - sambhramāḥ
with the same affection and respect they always maintained .
Important Words
  • akutobhayam — without fear (from any quarter)
    Compound — a (not) + kutas (from where) + bhaya (fear). 'Fearless from any direction.' Used for the liberated soul in śruti and for Kṛṣṇa Himself here. Gauḍīya reading: jīva attains akutobhaya only by taking shelter of Bhagavān; Kṛṣṇa is akutobhaya by His own svarūpa.
  • krīḍantam — engaged in playing
    Present participle of krīḍ (to sport). The Bhāgavatam's signature word for divine līlā. Even on a corpse, He plays — līlā is His mode, not His mood. Sets up Govinda's protection of 'while playing' in verse 25.
  • gopyaḥ — the cowherd women
    Nominative plural. The Vraja gopīs as cradle-mothers — in Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra these are the proto-mātṛkās of vātsalya-rasa, distinct from (and in a sense the maternal background to) the future mādhurya-rasa of the same gopīs as Kṛṣṇa's parā-prakāśa lovers.
  • jāta - sambhramāḥ — (picked Him up) with great care and reverence
    Compound — jāta (arisen) + sambhrama (loving reverential agitation). Bhāgavata catches their bhāva exactly: not panic, not casual delight, but the trembling tenderness that arises when the unbearably precious has just been seen to be in danger. Pure vātsalya-rasa.
  • tasyāḥ urasi — on her (Pūtanā's) chest
    Adjacent locative — tasyāḥ (her, genitive) + urasi (on the chest, locative). The verse foregrounds the location: He plays on what was meant to kill Him. Gauḍīya commentators read this as His personal seal on what verses 35–36 will declare — that her chest, by His having lain on it, has become a Vaikuṇṭha-aṅga.
Without fear, the child Kṛṣṇa was playing on the upper portion of Pūtanā Rākṣasī’s breast, and when the gopīs saw the child’s wonderful activities, they immediately came forward with great jubilation and picked Him up.
Purport

Here is the Supreme Personality of Godhead — Kṛṣṇa. Although the Rākṣasī Pūtanā could increase or decrease her bodily size by her mystic abilities and thus gain proportionate power, the Supreme Personality of Godhead is equally powerful in any transcendental form. Kṛṣṇa is the real Personality of Godhead because whether as a child or as a grown-up young man, He is the same person. He does not need to become powerful by meditation or any other external endeavor. Therefore when the greatly powerful Pūtanā expanded her body, Kṛṣṇa remained the same small child and fearlessly played on the upper portion of her breast. Ṣaḍaiśvarya-pūrṇa. Bhagavān, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is always full in all potencies, regardless of whether He is present in this form or that. His potencies are always full. Parāsya śaktir vividhaiva śrūyate. He can display all potencies under any circumstances.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Without fear, the child Kṛṣṇa was playing on the upper portion of Pūtanā Rākṣasī's breast, and when the gopīs saw the child's wonderful activities, they immediately came forward with great jubilation and picked Him up.
Commentary

Putana’s chest was raised like a hill, suitable for playing on. Entering the maternity ward, the gopis could not see Krsna there (Yasoda and Rohini had fainted). Desiring to see him they went outside the house, and saw him playing on Putana.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The gopīs around Yaśodā, understanding that the demon killed children, left Yaśodā and Rohiṇī who had fainted and ran, took the child from the dead body, and returned to the house. Their affection for him increased on seeing that he was playing happily on her breast. Because he was child he had no fear. But actually he made others have no fear as well. Seeing him moving his hands and legs as if dancing while situated on her breast, they became astonished or overjoyed (jāta-sambhramāḥ). They then went directly (samabhyetya) and climbed up on the huge corpse lying on the ground and took the child away. Since they all had natural affection for Kṛṣṇa, they developed great power to do this. It will be described that they knew how to perform protective rituals with nyāsa. It should be understood that these gopīs were the same age as Yaśodā since they protected Kṛṣṇa with the affection of a mother.

Related values & verses
Related values
Discriminative WisdomSaurya (Heroism / Bravery)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Vinaya (Humility / Modesty)Prema (Divine Love)
Related verses
SB 10.6.15 SB 10.6.19 SB 10.6.20 SB 10.6.21 BG 5.4 BG 10.4 BG 2.31 BG 4.8 BG 12.6 BG 1.21
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Kṛṣṇa is ṣaḍaiśvarya-pūrṇa — fearless on Pūtanā's breast as on Vaikuṇṭha's throne; take shelter of His unchanging fullness, not your shifting strength.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today where you try to manufacture abhaya through preparation or control, and instead take one small action grounded in dependence on Kṛṣṇa's protection.
  • When a 'Pūtanā' arrives in disguise — a sweet-seeming offer that would poison your sādhana — refuse it on the spot, trusting that Kṛṣṇa's presence inside you sees through it.
  • Before sleep, recall one moment from your day when you were 'small' and the situation was 'large,' and offer that moment to Kṛṣṇa as proof that His potency, not yours, carried you.
Analogy

Baby Kṛṣṇa playing fearlessly on the corpse-mountain that terrifies all of Vraja is the small, royal lamp left burning on the cremation ground at midnight — a single point of cheer that the cremation cannot put out. He is abhaya by His own constitution; ours is borrowed and only as bright as the wick of remembrance.

Stories
Prahlāda on Hiraṇyakaśipu's lap

When the asura-emperor placed Prahlāda on his own lap with murder in his eyes (SB 7.5), the boy showed not a trace of fear. He even smiled. His abhaya did not come from confidence in his strength; it came from the Lord he had already taken shelter of.

Kṛṣṇa on Pūtanā's chest in 10.6.18 is the source of Prahlāda's abhaya appearing in His own Person. The boy mirrored what the Lord shows here: fearlessness rooted in the constitutional fact that Bhagavān cannot be touched.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.19

↗
యశోదారోహిణీభ్యాం తా: సమం బాలస్య సర్వత: । రక్షాం విదధిరే సమ్యగ్గోపుచ్ఛభ్రమణాదిభి: ॥ ౧౯ ॥
yaśodā-rohiṇībhyāṁ tāḥ
[yashodaa-rohineebhyaam taah]
samaṁ bālasya sarvataḥ
[samam baalasya sarvatah]
rakṣāṁ vidadhire samyag
[rakshaam vidadhire samyag]
go-puccha-bhramaṇādibhiḥ
[go-puchcha-bhramanaadibhih]
Word-for-word
yaśodā - rohiṇībhyām — with mother Yaśodā and mother Rohiṇī, who principally took charge of the child tāḥ — the other gopīs samam — equally as important as Yaśodā and Rohiṇī bālasya — of the child sarvataḥ — from all dangers rakṣām — protection vidadhire — executed samyak — completely go - puccha - bhramaṇa - ādibhiḥ — by waving around the switch of a cow .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
yaśodā-rohiṇībhyāṁ tāḥ
yaśodā - rohiṇībhyām
with mother Yaśodā and mother Rohiṇī, who principally took charge of the child
tāḥ
the other gopīs
samaṁ bālasya sarvataḥ
samam
equally as important as Yaśodā and Rohiṇī
bālasya
of the child
sarvataḥ
from all dangers
rakṣāṁ vidadhire samyag
rakṣām
protection
vidadhire
executed
samyak
completely
go-puccha-bhramaṇādibhiḥ
go - puccha - bhramaṇa - ādibhiḥ
by waving around the switch of a cow .
Important Words
  • yaśodā - rohiṇībhyām — with mother Yaśodā and mother Rohiṇī
    Dual instrumental compound. The two principal mothers acting together — Vraja parenting is shared, not nuclear. In Gauḍīya bhakti-tattva, vātsalya-rasa often distributes itself across multiple mothers (Yaśodā, Rohiṇī, the gopīs collectively); the verse models this co-motherhood as proper bhakti-saṁskṛti.
  • go - puccha - bhramaṇa - ādibhiḥ — by waving around the switch of a cow, etc.
    Compound — go (cow) + puccha (tail) + bhramaṇa (rotation) + ādi (etc.). A traditional Vedic protective rite. Gauḍīya tradition treats go-rakṣya and dependence on cow-substances as devotional, not folkloric — the cow herself is dear to Kṛṣṇa (Govinda).
  • rakṣām — protection
    Accusative of rakṣā — the standard word for ritual protection (kavaca). Sets the keyword for verses 20–29: the entire pericope is one extended rakṣā-mantra over the child.
  • sarvataḥ — from all (sides)
    Indeclinable — 'in every direction.' The rakṣā is not point-specific but ambient, foreshadowing the 360-degree directional cover in verses 22–23.
  • samyak — completely
    Adverb. Vedic ritual is total or it is not yet ritual — partial protection is not protection. Same standard the verse will apply to mantra-nyāsa in 21–24.
Thereafter, mother Yaśodā and Rohiṇī, along with the other elderly gopīs, waved about the switch of a cow to give full protection to the child Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
Purport

When Kṛṣṇa was saved from such a great danger, mother Yaśodā and Rohiṇī were principally concerned, and the other elderly gopīs, who were almost equally concerned, followed the activities of mother Yaśodā and Rohiṇī. Here we find that in household affairs, ladies could take charge of protecting a child simply by taking help from the cow. As described here, they knew how to wave about the switch of a cow so as to protect the child from all types of danger. There are so many facilities afforded by cow protection, but people have forgotten these arts. The importance of protecting cows is therefore stressed by Kṛṣṇa in Bhagavad-gītā ( kṛṣi-go-rakṣya-vāṇijyaṁ vaiśya-karma svabhāvajam ). Even now in the Indian villages surrounding Vṛndāvana, the villagers live happily simply by giving protection to the cow. They keep cow dung very carefully and dry it to use as fuel. They keep a sufficient stock of grains, and because of giving protection to the cows, they have sufficient milk and milk products to solve all economic problems. Simply by giving protection to the cow, the villagers live so peacefully. Even the urine and stool of cows have medicinal value.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Thereafter, mother Yaśodā and Rohiṇī, along with the other elderly gopīs, waved about the switch of a cow to give full protection to the child Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
Commentary

This verse mentions that the gopis, along with Yasoda and Rohini performed rituals of protection. Yasoda and Rohin did not take a leading role because they were extremely affected by anxiety for Krsna’s safety. They protected him in all limbs (sarvatah), by waving a cow tail and other items such as mustard seeds and touching him with the edge of the winnowing basket.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

This verse and later verses show how they had the ability to protect him out of affection. Fearing for the health of the child, Yaśodā and Rohiṇī could not do anything at first. Thus, when it mentions that they performed actions in the verse, they were not the major performers. The others had the two women with them in order to pacify their grief. They performed actions to protect the child everywhere (sarvataḥ or sarvaśaḥ), inside and outside, for auspiciousness. They did this in the best way (samyag). They waved a tassel made of cow tail hairs and as well waved mustard seeds and touched a winnowing basket.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Bhakti (Devotion)
Related verses
SB 10.6.18 SB 10.6.20 SB 10.6.21 SB 10.6.22 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 2.47 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Protecting Kṛṣṇa is protecting the cow — Gauḍīya household dharma weaves śaraṇāgati, go-rakṣya, and the vatsalya of elders into one shelter.
Practical Applications
  • Today, perform one concrete act of go-rakṣya — buy milk from a protected-cow source, support a gośālā, or learn one traditional use of cow products you have forgotten.
  • Before any task involving a child or dependent, pause and silently entrust them to Kṛṣṇa the way Yaśodā and Rohiṇī did — protection is offered, never owned.
  • Refuse the modern conceit that 'the household' is a small or unspiritual sphere; treat your kitchen, your elders, and your cows as the very arena where Kṛṣṇa is sheltered.
Analogy

Yaśodā and Rohiṇī waving the cow-tail switch around baby Kṛṣṇa is the lighthouse-keeper, after the storm passes, still checking every lamp and rope before sleeping. Bhakti's protection of those entrusted to us does not stop when the visible danger is dead — it continues in small, embodied, lineage-given acts of go-rakṣya and mantra-cover.

Stories
Yudhiṣṭhira's care of his queens and mother

After the Mahābhārata war, Yudhiṣṭhira (Anuśāsana-parva) personally oversaw protective rites and donations for Kuntī, Draupadī, and the women of the realm — not because the war was still on, but because dharmic households continue their guards even in peacetime.

The Vraja matriarchs in 10.6.19 model the same instinct in domestic key: Pūtanā is dead, but the cow-tail still goes around the child, because true rakṣaṇa is a steady ritual atmosphere, not a single rescue.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.20

↗
గోమూత్రేణ స్‍నాపయిత్వా పునర్గోరజసార్భకమ్ । రక్షాం చక్రుశ్చ శకృతా ద్వాదశాఙ్గేషు నామభి: ॥ ౨౦ ॥
go-mūtreṇa snāpayitvā
[go-mootrena snaapayitvaa]
punar go-rajasārbhakam
[punar go-rajasaarbhakam]
rakṣāṁ cakruś ca śakṛtā
[rakshaam chakrush cha shakritaa]
dvādaśāṅgeṣu nāmabhiḥ
[dvaadashaangeshu naamabhih]
Word-for-word
go - mūtreṇa — with the urine of the cows snāpayitvā — after thoroughly washing punaḥ — again go - rajasā — with the dust floating because of the movements of the cows arbhakam — unto the child rakṣām — protection cakruḥ — executed ca — also śakṛtā — with the cow dung dvādaśa - aṅgeṣu — in twelve places ( dvādaśa-tilaka ) nāmabhīḥ — by imprinting the holy names of the Lord .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
go-mūtreṇa snāpayitvā
go - mūtreṇa
with the urine of the cows
snāpayitvā
after thoroughly washing
punar go-rajasārbhakam
punaḥ
again
go - rajasā
with the dust floating because of the movements of the cows
arbhakam
unto the child
rakṣāṁ cakruś ca śakṛtā
rakṣām
protection
cakruḥ
executed
ca
also
śakṛtā
with the cow dung
dvādaśāṅgeṣu nāmabhiḥ
dvādaśa - aṅgeṣu
in twelve places ( dvādaśa-tilaka )
nāmabhīḥ
by imprinting the holy names of the Lord .
Important Words
  • go - mūtreṇa — with the urine of the cows
    Compound — go (cow) + mūtra (urine) + instrumental. A Vedic purificatory substance, treated as auspicious because the cow is offered to Kṛṣṇa. Gauḍīya practice retains go-substances as ritually pure, not from biology but from sambandha — the cow's relation to Govinda.
  • dvādaśa - aṅgeṣu — on twelve places of the body
    Compound — dvādaśa (twelve) + aṅga (limb) + locative plural. The Vaiṣṇava dvādaśa-tilaka — twelve namable points (forehead, throat, chest, navel, arms, etc.) marked with names of Viṣṇu. Still practiced daily in Gauḍīya saṁskṛti.
  • nāmabhīḥ — with the names (of the Lord)
    Instrumental plural of nāman. The marks are not random; each tilaka point gets a specific name (Keśava, Nārāyaṇa, Mādhava, etc.). Nāma is non-different from nāmī — to write a name on the body is to install the named.
  • go - rajasā — with the dust raised by the cows
    Compound — go (cow) + rajas (dust). The dust kicked up by cows returning from pasture is itself purifying. Vraja-rajas is celebrated in later cantos as the substance the Lord and His devotees roll in; the gopīs apply it to Him now.
  • rakṣām cakruḥ — executed protection
    Adjacent verb-phrase — rakṣām (protection, accusative) + cakruḥ (they made, perfect plural). The doing of the protection is the protection. Bhakti is verbal — devotional cover is not 'thought to' but 'done.'
The child was thoroughly washed with cow urine and then smeared with the dust raised by the movements of the cows. Then different names of the Lord were applied with cow dung on twelve different parts of His body, beginning with the forehead, as done in applying tilaka. In this way, the child was given protection.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The child was thoroughly washed with cow urine and then smeared with the dust raised by the movements of the cows. Then different names of the Lord were applied with cow dung on twelve different parts of His body, beginning with the forehead, as done in applying tilaka. In this way, the child was given protection.
Commentary

Using cow dung, they protected Krsna by touching twelve places on his body while pronouncing twelve names of Visnu starting with Kesava on the forehead.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

This shows how they completely protected him. They protected him by touching cow dung to twelve parts of his body while chanting twelve names of Viṣṇu. The names are those mentioned in Padma Purāṇa when putting on tilaka. lalāṭe keśavaṁ dhyāyen nārāyaṇam athodare vakṣaḥ-sthale mādhavaṁ tu govindaṁ kaṇṭha-kūpake viṣṇuṁ ca dakṣiṇe kukṣau bāhau ca madhusūdanam trivikramaṁ kandhare tu vāmanaṁ vāma-pārśvake śrīdharaṁ vāma-bāhau tu hṛṣīkeśaṁ tu kandhare pṛṣṭhe ca padmanābhaṁ ca kaṭyāṁ dāmodaraṁ nyaset When one marks the forehead with tilaka, he must remember Keśava. When one marks the lower abdomen, he must remember Nārāyaṇa. For the chest, one should remember Mādhava, and when marking the hollow of the neck one should remember Govinda. Lord Viṣṇu should be remembered while marking the right side of the belly, and Madhusūdana should be remembered when marking the right arm. Trivikrama should be remembered when marking the right shoulder, and Vāmana should be remembered when marking the left side of the belly. Śrīdhara should be remembered while marking the left arm and Hṛṣīkeśa should be remembered when marking the left shoulder. Padmanābha and Dāmodara should be remembered when marking the back. Because they were the greatest Vaiṣṇavas they protected him by this method.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Bhakti (Devotion)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)Raksha (Protective Responsibility)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)
Related verses
SB 10.6.18 SB 10.6.19 SB 10.6.21 SB 10.6.22 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Sanctify the body with what Kṛṣṇa has touched — protection comes from marking every limb with His names, not from our own arrangements.
Practical Applications
  • Mark the start of your day by audibly placing Kṛṣṇa's names over your body and work — forehead, hands, heart — before checking any device.
  • Refuse to lean on secular safeguards alone today; pair every practical precaution (lock, seatbelt, plan) with a brief invocation of a name of the Lord.
  • Honor what the devotees honor — treat cow-related substances, prasāda, and Vaiṣṇava remnants as carriers of protection, not superstition to be argued away.
Analogy

The gopīs bathing Kṛṣṇa with go-mūtra, marking Him with go-rajas and tilakas of cow-dung is the village priest writing the names of Hari on a child's body the way a banker stamps a sealed letter — the seal is unimpressive ink, the authority behind it is everything. The names, not the substances, do the work, and the cow is honored as the medium that carries them.

Stories
Pṛthu Mahārāja and the cow-earth

When the Earth fled in cow-form before King Pṛthu (SB 4.18), she was finally persuaded to yield her wealth — milk, grains, and the means of human life — by being treated as mother and cow at once. Vedic civilization placed go-mātā at the foundation of human sustenance because go is dear to Govinda.

The gopīs in 10.6.20, marking the body of the infant Kṛṣṇa with cow-derived substances, are at the most condensed point of that civilization: the very Govinda is being protected by the very gomātās He came to protect. The circuit is closed.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.21

↗
గోప్య: సంస్పృష్టసలిలా అఙ్గేషు కరయో: పృథక్ । న్యస్యాత్మన్యథ బాలస్య బీజన్యాసమకుర్వత ॥ ౨౧ ॥
gopyaḥ saṁspṛṣṭa-salilā
[gopyah samsprishta-salilaa]
aṅgeṣu karayoḥ pṛthak
[angeshu karayoh prithak]
nyasyātmany atha bālasya
[nyasyaatmany atha baalasya]
bīja-nyāsam akurvata
[beeja-nyaasam akurvata]
Word-for-word
gopyaḥ — the gopīs saṁspṛṣṭa - salilāḥ — touching a cup of water and drinking aṅgeṣu — on their bodies karayoḥ — on their two hands pṛthak — separately nyasya — after placing the letters of the mantra ātmani — on their own atha — then bālasya — of the child bīja - nyāsam — the process of mantra-nyāsa akurvata — executed .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
gopyaḥ saṁspṛṣṭa-salilā
gopyaḥ
the gopīs
saṁspṛṣṭa - salilāḥ
touching a cup of water and drinking
aṅgeṣu karayoḥ pṛthak
aṅgeṣu
on their bodies
karayoḥ
on their two hands
pṛthak
separately
nyasyātmany atha bālasya
nyasya
after placing the letters of the mantra
ātmani
on their own
atha
then
bālasya
of the child
bīja-nyāsam akurvata
bīja - nyāsam
the process of mantra-nyāsa
akurvata
executed .
Important Words
  • saṁspṛṣṭa - salilāḥ — having touched water (and sipped)
    Compound — saṁspṛṣṭa (touched) + salila (water). The ācamana act. Gauḍīya tradition holds that ācamana with viṣṇu-names purifies more than the hand; it aligns the prāṇas before any sevā.
  • nyasya — after placing (the letters)
    Gerund of ni-as (to place, deposit). The technical verb of mantra-nyāsa — placing syllables of a Viṣṇu-mantra on specific limbs (hand, heart, head). The body, marked with mantras, becomes a movable mandir.
  • bīja - nyāsam — the process of seed-mantra placement
    Compound — bīja (seed-syllable) + nyāsa (placement). Tantric vocabulary absorbed into Vaiṣṇava sevā. Bīja-mantras are the kernel-syllables of a deity-mantra; the Vraja mothers apply them to baby Kṛṣṇa with the same care the Gosvāmīs would later teach for Deity-worship.
  • ātmani — on their own (bodies)
    Locative of ātman — here used for the bodily self, not paramātman. The Gauḍīya reading carefully distinguishes the two: nyāsa is on the deha and indriyas of the gopīs, preparing them for sevā; ātmā in the higher sense is not modified, only purified in its instruments.
  • akurvata — (they) executed
    Imperfect middle plural of kṛ (to do). Middle voice — done for one's own benefit and the child's. Bhakti-vidhi is reflexive in this sense: the act on Kṛṣṇa is simultaneously the act on the devotee.
The gopīs first executed the process of ācamana, drinking a sip of water from the right hand. They purified their bodies and hands with the nyāsa-mantra and then applied the same mantra upon the body of the child.
Purport

Nyāsa-mantra includes ācamana, or first drinking a sip of water kept in the right hand. There are different viṣṇu-mantras to purify the body. The gopīs, and in fact any householders, knew the process for being purified by chanting Vedic hymns. The gopīs executed this process first to purify themselves and then to purify the child Kṛṣṇa. One executes the process of aṅga-nyāsa and kara-nyāsa simply by drinking a little sip of water and chanting the mantra. The mantra is preceded with the first letter of the name, followed by anusvāra and the word namaḥ: oṁ namo ’jas tavāṅghrī avyāt, maṁ mano maṇimāṁs tava jānunī avyāt, and so on. By losing Indian culture, Indian householders have forgotten how to execute the aṅga-nyāsa and are simply busy in sense gratification, without any advanced knowledge of human civilization.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The gopīs first executed the process of ācamana, drinking a sip of water from the right hand. They purified their bodies and hands with the nyāsa-mantra and then applied the same mantra upon the body of the child.
Commentary

In the beginning, because of great fear, they began the rituals for protection without doing acamana. After calming down, they then performed the rituals in the proper way, by first performing acamana (samsprsta salila). They then performed anga nyasa and kara nyasa on their own bodies and hands. Then, on the child’s limbs such as feet, they invoked bijas. The bija consists of the first syllable of the name with an anusvara. Example: am namah, "May Aja protect your feet." Mam namah, "May Maniman protect your knees."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Yaśodā and Rohiṇī are not included here as before. This is indicated by the word pṛthak (separately). The bīja-nyāsa is formed by the first syllable of the name of the Lord with an anusvara, followed by namaḥ (for instance yaṁ yajṣāya namaḥ). The names from aja to īśvara were used to touch eleven parts of Kṛṣṇa’s body.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Bhakti (Devotion)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)
Related verses
SB 10.6.18 SB 10.6.19 SB 10.6.20 SB 10.6.22 SB 10.6.24 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 15.1 BG 9.11 BG 7.8
Concepts
Mantra
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Before approaching Kṛṣṇa or the child entrusted to you, purify body and hands with viṣṇu-mantra — sacred care begins with self-purification.
Practical Applications
  • Before sitting for japa or study today, perform ācamana with attention, not as ritual habit but as a deliberate purification of the instruments you will offer to Kṛṣṇa.
  • Refuse to handle anything sacred — a Deity, a tulasī leaf, prasāda, a child in your care — until you have first cleaned your hands and quieted your mind with His name.
  • Notice where you have inherited 'Indian culture' as fashion but lost its purifying disciplines, and reclaim one small Vedic practice (ācamana, mantra before meals) starting tonight.
Analogy

The gopīs sipping water in ācamana, then placing mantra-syllables on their own hands before touching Kṛṣṇa, is the surgeon scrubbing in before lifting the newborn. The hands one offers to Bhagavān must be cleansed by Bhagavān's names first — sevā is sacred handling, and sacred handling begins with the handler.

Stories
Sanātana Gosvāmī teaching ārcana to the householder

In the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa, Sanātana Gosvāmī systematized for Gauḍīyas exactly such daily details — ācamana, bīja-mantra-nyāsa, the placement of syllables on hands and limbs before approaching the Deity. He drew explicitly on Bhāgavata passages including this Pūtanā-rakṣā for authority.

The gopīs in 10.6.21 are not performing folk-religion; they are doing what the Six Gosvāmīs would later codify for every Vaiṣṇava household. The chain of ārcana-vidhi reaches back to Vraja's mothers.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.22-23

↗
అవ్యాదజోఽఙ్‍‍ఘ్రి మణిమాంస్తవ జాన్వథోరూ యజ్ఞోఽచ్యుత: కటితటం జఠరం హయాస్య: । హృత్కేశవస్త్వదుర ఈశ ఇనస్తు కణ్ఠం విష్ణుర్భుజం ముఖమురుక్రమ ఈశ్వర: కమ్ ॥ ౨౨ ॥ చక్రయ‍గ్రత: సహగదో హరిరస్తు పశ్చాత్ త్వత్పార్శ్వయోర్ధనురసీ మధుహాజనశ్చ । కోణేషు శఙ్ఖ ఉరుగాయ ఉపర్యుపేన్ద్ర- స్తార్క్ష్య: క్షితౌ హలధర: పురుష: సమన్తాత్ ॥ ౨౩ ॥
avyād ajo ’ṅghri maṇimāṁs tava jānv athorū
[avyaad ajo ’nghri manimaams tava jaanv athoroo]
yajño ’cyutaḥ kaṭi-taṭaṁ jaṭharaṁ hayāsyaḥ
[yajno ’chyutah kati-tatam jatharam hayaasyah]
hṛt keśavas tvad-ura īśa inas tu kaṇṭhaṁ
[hrit keshavas tvad-ura eesha inas tu kantham]
viṣṇur bhujaṁ mukham urukrama īśvaraḥ kam
[vishnur bhujam mukham urukrama eeshvarah kam]
cakry agrataḥ saha-gado harir astu paścāt
[chakry agratah saha-gado harir astu pashchaat]
tvat-pārśvayor dhanur-asī madhu-hājanaś ca
[tvat-paarshvayor dhanur-asee madhu-haajanash cha]
koṇeṣu śaṅkha urugāya upary upendras
[koneshu shankha urugaaya upary upendras]
tārkṣyaḥ kṣitau haladharaḥ puruṣaḥ samantāt
[taarkshyah kshitau haladharah purushah samantaat]
Word-for-word
avyāt — may protect ajaḥ — Lord Aja aṅghri — legs maṇimān — Lord Maṇimān tava — Your jānu — knees atha — thereafter urū — thighs yajñaḥ — Lord Yajña acyutaḥ — Lord Acyuta kaṭi - taṭam — the upper part of the waist jaṭharam — abdomen hayāsyaḥ — Lord Hayagrīva hṛt — the heart keśavaḥ — Lord Keśava tvat — Your uraḥ — chest īśaḥ — the supreme controller, Lord Īśa inaḥ — Sūrya, the sun-god tu — but kaṇṭham — neck viṣṇuḥ — Lord Viṣṇu bhujam — arms mukham — the mouth urukramaḥ — Lord Urukrama īśvaraḥ — Lord Īśvara kam — head cakrī — the carrier of the disc agrataḥ — in front saha - gadaḥ — the carrier of the club hariḥ — Lord Hari astu — may He remain paścāt — on the back tvat - pārśvayoḥ — on both sides dhanuḥ - asī — the carrier of the bow and the sword madhu - hā — the killer of the demon Madhu ajanaḥ — Lord Viṣṇu ca — and koṇeṣu — in the corners śaṅkhaḥ — the carrier of the conchshell urugāyaḥ — who is well worshiped upari — above upendraḥ — Lord Upendra tārkṣyaḥ — Garuḍa kṣitau — on the surface haladharaḥ — Lord Haladhara puruṣaḥ — the Supreme Person samantāt — on all sides .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
avyād ajo ’ṅghri maṇimāṁs tava jānv athorū
avyāt
may protect
ajaḥ
Lord Aja
aṅghri
legs
maṇimān
Lord Maṇimān
tava
Your
jānu
knees
atha
thereafter
yajño ’cyutaḥ kaṭi-taṭaṁ jaṭharaṁ hayāsyaḥ
hṛt keśavas tvad-ura īśa inas tu kaṇṭhaṁ
urū
thighs
viṣṇur bhujaṁ mukham urukrama īśvaraḥ kam
cakry agrataḥ saha-gado harir astu paścāt
yajñaḥ
Lord Yajña
acyutaḥ
Lord Acyuta
kaṭi - taṭam
the upper part of the waist
tvat-pārśvayor dhanur-asī madhu-hājanaś ca
jaṭharam
abdomen
koṇeṣu śaṅkha urugāya upary upendras
hayāsyaḥ
Lord Hayagrīva
hṛt
the heart
keśavaḥ
Lord Keśava
tvat
Your
uraḥ
chest
īśaḥ
the supreme controller, Lord Īśa
inaḥ
Sūrya, the sun-god
tu
but
kaṇṭham
neck
viṣṇuḥ
Lord Viṣṇu
bhujam
arms
mukham
the mouth
tārkṣyaḥ kṣitau haladharaḥ puruṣaḥ samantāt
urukramaḥ
Lord Urukrama
īśvaraḥ
Lord Īśvara
kam
head
cakrī
the carrier of the disc
agrataḥ
in front
saha - gadaḥ
the carrier of the club
hariḥ
Lord Hari
astu
may He remain
paścāt
on the back
tvat - pārśvayoḥ
on both sides
dhanuḥ - asī
the carrier of the bow and the sword
madhu - hā
the killer of the demon Madhu
ajanaḥ
Lord Viṣṇu
ca
and
koṇeṣu
in the corners
śaṅkhaḥ
the carrier of the conchshell
urugāyaḥ
who is well worshiped
upari
above
upendraḥ
Lord Upendra
tārkṣyaḥ
Garuḍa
kṣitau
on the surface
haladharaḥ
Lord Haladhara
puruṣaḥ
the Supreme Person
samantāt
on all sides .
Important Words
  • avyāt — may (the Lord) protect
    Optative of av (to protect). The opening verb of every line — a benediction, not a description. Each name of Bhagavān is grammatically asked to act; this is sevā as petition.
  • cakrī — the carrier of the disc
    From cakra (Sudarśana). The disc-bearing Viṣṇu protects in front because frontal attack is most direct; the disc itself is famously protective (recall Ambarīṣa). Gauḍīya note: cakra is named in the gopīs' prayer over the very person who wields it — līlā layered in līlā.
  • hariḥ — Lord Hari
    Nominative — 'the One who takes away.' Standard Bhāgavata name. In this kavaca, Hari guards the back — the direction most easily forgotten by the protected one.
  • haladharaḥ — Lord Haladhara
    Compound — hala (plow) + dhara (bearer). Balarāma, Kṛṣṇa's elder brother, the plow-wielder. The mantra ends with Haladhara because protection is finally familial, brotherly — Vraja's Kṛṣṇa is never without His Daujī behind Him.
  • samantāt — on all sides
    Indeclinable — closes the kavaca's geography. The protection has now covered every limb, every direction, every action. Nothing of Kṛṣṇa remains exposed — a 360-degree mantra-cocoon, modeled for every devotee household.
[Śukadeva Gosvāmī informed Mahārāja Parīkṣit that the gopīs, following the proper system, protected Kṛṣṇa, their child, with this mantra.] May Aja protect Your legs, may Maṇimān protect Your knees, Yajña Your thighs, Acyuta the upper part of Your waist, and Hayagrīva Your abdomen. May Keśava protect Your heart, Īśa Your chest, the sun-god Your neck, Viṣṇu Your arms, Urukrama Your face, and Īśvara Your head. May Cakrī protect You from the front; may Śrī Hari, Gadādharī, the carrier of the club, protect You from the back; and may the carrier of the bow, who is known as the enemy of Madhu, and Lord Ajana, the carrier of the sword, protect Your two sides. May Lord Urugāya, the carrier of the conchshell, protect You from all corners; may Upendra protect You from above; may Garuḍa protect You on the ground; and may Lord Haladhara, the Supreme Person, protect You on all sides.
Purport

Even in the houses of the cultivators, who were not very advanced in the modern ways of civilization, the ladies used to know how to chant mantras to give protection to children with the help of cow dung and cow urine. This was a simple and practical way to give the greatest protection from the greatest dangers. People should know how to do this, for this is a part of Vedic civilization.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
[Śukadeva Gosvāmī informed Mahārāja Parīkṣit that the gopīs, following the proper system, protected Kṛṣṇa, their child, with this mantra.] May Aja protect Your legs, may Maṇimān protect Your knees, Yajṣa Your thighs, Acyuta the upper part of Your waist, and Hayagrīva Your abdomen. May Keśava protect Your heart, Īśa Your chest, the sun-god Your neck, Viṣṇu Your arms, Urukrama Your face, and Īśvara Your head. May Cakrī protect You from the front; may Śrī Hari, Gadādharī, the carrier of the club, protect You from the back; and may the carrier of the bow, who is known as the enemy of Madhu, and Lord Ajana, the carrier of the sword, protect Your two sides. May Lord Urugāya, the carrier of the conchshell, protect You from all corners; may Upendra protect You from above; may Garuḍa protect You on the ground; and may Lord Haladhara, the Supreme Person, protect You on all sides.
Commentary

They protected Krsna’s limbs using this verse. Anghri stands for the two feet (anghri). Maniman is a particular avatara of the Lord. Janu stands for both knees. Hrt refers to the lotus holding the jiva in the heart region. Uro means chest. In this verse the directions around Krsna are protected. May the holder of the cakra protect you in front. May Sahagada, the holder of the club, protect you behind. May Madhusudana holding the bow and aja holding a sword protect your sides. May Sankha urugaya, holding the conch, protect you in the four corners (north east, northwest, south east south west). May Upendra protect you above and Tarska (garuda) protect you below. May Haladhara protect you in all directions.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

May Cakrī protect you from the front; may Hari, the carrier of the club, protect you from the back; and may the carrier of the bow, who is known as the enemy of Madhu, protect one side and may Ajana, the carrier of the sword, protect your other side. May Urugāya, the carrier of the conchshell, protect you from all corners; may Upendra with Garuḍa protect you from above; may Haladhara protect you on the ground; and may Puruṣottama protect you on all sides. Tākrṣyaḥ should be grouped with Upendra. Puruṣaḥ means puruṣottamaḥ.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

May Cakrī protect you from the front; may Hari, the carrier of the club, protect you from the back; and may the carrier of the bow, who is known as the enemy of Madhu, protect one side and may Ajana, the carrier of the sword, protect your other side. May Urugāya, the carrier of the conchshell, protect you from all corners; may Upendra with Garuḍa protect you from above; may Haladhara protect you on the ground; and may Puruṣottama protect you on all sides. They call the names of the Lord like Ajita. Maṇimān is he who wears the Kaustubha jewel. Though all the names are suitable to protect all the limbs, and described in the Bhagavan-nāma-kaumudī, the particular forms should manifest quickly with their power since the forms are present in the names used as mantras. Or in Viṣṇu-dharmottara there is a prescription for chanting particular names for particular purposes. The heart is lower and chest is higher than that. Purusaḥ means purusottaḥ.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Bhakti (Devotion)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Tyaga (Renunciation / Letting Go)
Related verses
SB 10.6.19 SB 10.6.20 SB 10.6.21 SB 10.6.24 SB 10.6.25 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Concepts
Mantra
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
The gopīs invoke Kṛṣṇa's own forms to guard every limb of their child — true protection comes from placing one's body, head to toe, under His personal shelter.
Practical Applications
  • Begin your morning by mentally offering each part of your body — feet, knees, heart, head — to Kṛṣṇa's protection before stepping into the day's work.
  • When sending a child or loved one out, pause and audibly invoke Kṛṣṇa's names over them rather than relying solely on locks, helmets, and apps.
  • Refuse the modern conceit that safety is engineered alone; treat the Vedic mantra-shelter as the first line of defense, not a quaint supplement.
Analogy

The gopīs invoking Aja, Maṇimān, Yajña, Acyuta, Hayagrīva, Keśava, Viṣṇu, Urukrama, Cakrī, Gadādharī, Madhuhā, Śaṅkhī, Upendra, Garuḍa, and Haladhara over each limb of Kṛṣṇa is the master jeweler setting one diamond after another into every facet of a single crown — every form of Bhagavān fits, because every form is His own. The body in their lap is the very source of these names, yet they crown Him with His own light so that none of His limbs goes uncovered.

Stories
The Nārāyaṇa-kavaca over Indra

When Indra fled before Vṛtra and the demigods feared all was lost, Viśvarūpa gave Indra the Nārāyaṇa-kavaca (SB 6.8) — a limb-by-limb invocation of the Lord's many forms (Hari guard the head, Keśava the throat, Viṣṇu the heart, Acyuta the loins, etc.). Wearing it, Indra was untouchable.

The rakṣā-mantra over baby Kṛṣṇa in 10.6.22–23 is the same kavaca-style — explicitly modeled on the Nārāyaṇa-kavaca structure. The gopīs are extending to the source Himself a defense that the demigods received from Him in earlier ages.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.24

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ఇన్ద్రియాణి హృషీకేశ: ప్రాణాన్ నారాయణోఽవతు । శ్వేతద్వీపపతిశ్చిత్తం మనో యోగేశ్వరోఽవతు ॥ ౨౪ ॥
indriyāṇi hṛṣīkeśaḥ
[indriyaani hrisheekeshah]
prāṇān nārāyaṇo ’vatu
[praanaan naaraayano ’vatu]
śvetadvīpa-patiś cittaṁ
[shvetadveepa-patish chittam]
mano yogeśvaro ’vatu
[mano yogeshvaro ’vatu]
Word-for-word
indriyāṇi — all the senses hṛṣīkeśaḥ — Lord Hṛṣīkeśa, the proprietor of all the senses prāṇān — all kinds of life air nārāyaṇaḥ — Lord Nārāyaṇa avatu — may He give protection śvetadvīpa - patiḥ — the master of Śvetadvīpa, Viṣṇu cittam — the core of the heart manaḥ — the mind yogeśvaraḥ — Lord Yogeśvara avatu — may He give protection .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
indriyāṇi hṛṣīkeśaḥ
indriyāṇi
all the senses
hṛṣīkeśaḥ
Lord Hṛṣīkeśa, the proprietor of all the senses
prāṇān nārāyaṇo ’vatu
prāṇān
all kinds of life air
nārāyaṇaḥ
Lord Nārāyaṇa
avatu
may He give protection
śvetadvīpa-patiś cittaṁ
śvetadvīpa - patiḥ
the master of Śvetadvīpa, Viṣṇu
cittam
the core of the heart
mano yogeśvaro ’vatu
manaḥ
the mind
yogeśvaraḥ
Lord Yogeśvara
avatu
may He give protection .
Important Words
  • hṛṣīkeśaḥ — Lord Hṛṣīkeśa, master of the senses
    Compound — hṛṣīka (sense) + īśa (lord). The Gītā's own preferred name for Kṛṣṇa in His role as the rightful proprietor of the indriyas. Bhakti as hṛṣīkeṇa hṛṣīkeśa-sevanam (CC) — engaging the senses in their own owner's service.
  • nārāyaṇaḥ — Lord Nārāyaṇa
    Compound — nāra (water, beings) + ayana (resting place). The Lord as the abode of all jīvas, and especially as the protector of prāṇa (life-air). Vedic Vaiṣṇavism names Him at the very breath of the body, because life itself is His property.
  • śvetadvīpa - patiḥ — the master of Śvetadvīpa
    Compound — śveta (white) + dvīpa (island) + pati (lord). Bhāgavata locates Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu on Śvetadvīpa, the white island of pure devotees. He is invoked to guard the citta (heart's core) because the heart is His personal indwelling-place as Paramātmā.
  • yogeśvaraḥ — Lord Yogeśvara, the master of yoga
    Compound — yoga + īśvara. The mind is yoga's battlefield (cf. Gītā 6.34); Yogeśvara is the only authority who can steady it. Gauḍīya reading: not the mind's own techniques, but surrender to Yogeśvara, is what finally fixes manas.
  • indriyāṇi — the senses
    Accusative plural of indriya. The senses are entrusted, not denied. The gopīs do not pray for the child's eyes and ears to be shut; they pray for them to be presided over by Hṛṣīkeśa.
May Hṛṣīkeśa protect Your senses, and Nārāyaṇa Your life air. May the master of Śvetadvīpa protect the core of Your heart, and may Lord Yogeśvara protect Your mind.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
May Hṛṣīkeśa protect Your senses, and Nārāyaṇa Your life air. May the master of Śvetadvīpa protect the core of Your heart, and may Lord Yogeśvara protect Your mind.
Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The word avatu is repeated because of their anxiety to protect Kṛṣṇa. Similarly pātu is repeated in the next verse for the same reason.

Related values & verses
Related values
Hrih (Modesty / Sense of Shame)Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Vinaya (Humility / Modesty)
Related verses
SB 10.6.21 SB 10.6.22 SB 10.6.25 SB 10.6.27 BG 5.4 BG 10.4 BG 5.8 BG 14.12 BG 13.5 BG 3.13
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Kṛṣṇa's many forms — Hṛṣīkeśa, Nārāyaṇa, Yogeśvara — guard the senses, prāṇa, heart, and mind; surrender each to Him by name today.
Practical Applications
  • Before engaging the senses today, silently invoke Hṛṣīkeśa as their true master and offer their use back to Him.
  • When fear or agitation grips the heart, call on the Lord of Śvetadvīpa and refuse to let the mind run unguarded.
  • Begin the day naming each layer — senses, prāṇa, heart, mind — and place each under Kṛṣṇa's specific protection rather than relying on your own vigilance.
Analogy

Hṛṣīkeśa guarding the senses, Nārāyaṇa the prāṇas, Śvetadvīpa's Master the heart, Yogeśvara the mind is the four watchmen of a fort, each posted at one of the four gates that an enemy could enter — eye-gate, breath-gate, heart-gate, mind-gate. None of them is guessed at; each is named, and each gate has the right Lord standing in front of it.

Stories
Kapila's instruction to Devahūti

Lord Kapila (SB 3.25–33) taught His mother Devahūti the systematic withdrawal of consciousness from senses → prāṇa → mind → buddhi → ātmā into Bhagavān. He named the inner gates one by one and gave them to the Lord's specific forms.

The gopīs' invocation in 10.6.24 is the protective form of the same map: where Kapila walks His mother inward, the gopīs station the Lord's plenary forms at each level outward — defense and ascent share the same anatomy.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.25-26

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పృశ్న‍ిగర్భస్తు తే బుద్ధిమాత్మానం భగవాన్ పర: । క్రీడన్తం పాతు గోవిన్ద: శయానం పాతు మాధవ: ॥ ౨౫ ॥ వ్రజన్తమవ్యాద్వైకుణ్ఠ ఆసీనం త్వాం శ్రియ: పతి: । భుఞ్జానం యజ్ఞభుక్ పాతు సర్వగ్రహభయఙ్కర: ॥ ౨౬ ॥
pṛśnigarbhas tu te buddhim
[prishnigarbhas tu te buddhim]
ātmānaṁ bhagavān paraḥ
[aatmaanam bhagavaan parah]
krīḍantaṁ pātu govindaḥ
[kreedantam paatu govindah]
śayānaṁ pātu mādhavaḥ
[shayaanam paatu maadhavah]
vrajantam avyād vaikuṇṭha
[vrajantam avyaad vaikuntha]
āsīnaṁ tvāṁ śriyaḥ patiḥ
[aaseenam tvaam shriyah patih]
bhuñjānaṁ yajñabhuk pātu
[bhunjaanam yajnabhuk paatu]
sarva-graha-bhayaṅkaraḥ
[sarva-graha-bhayankarah]
Word-for-word
pṛśnigarbhaḥ — Lord Pṛśnigarbha tu — indeed te — Your buddhim — intelligence ātmānam — Your soul bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead paraḥ — transcendental krīḍantam — while playing pātu — may He protect govindaḥ — Lord Govinda śayānam — while sleeping pātu — may He protect mādhavaḥ — Lord Mādhava vrajantam — while walking avyāt — may He protect vaikuṇṭhaḥ — Lord Vaikuṇṭha āsīnam — while sitting down tvām — unto You śriyaḥ patiḥ — Nārāyaṇa, the husband of the goddess of fortune (may protect) bhuñjānam — while enjoying life yajñabhuk — Yajñabhuk pātu — may He protect sarva - graha - bhayam - karaḥ — who is fearful to all evil planets .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
pṛśnigarbhas tu te buddhim
pṛśnigarbhaḥ
Lord Pṛśnigarbha
tu
indeed
te
Your
buddhim
intelligence
ātmānaṁ bhagavān paraḥ
ātmānam
Your soul
bhagavān
the Supreme Personality of Godhead
paraḥ
transcendental
krīḍantaṁ pātu govindaḥ
krīḍantam
while playing
pātu
may He protect
govindaḥ
Lord Govinda
śayānaṁ pātu mādhavaḥ
śayānam
while sleeping
pātu
may He protect
mādhavaḥ
Lord Mādhava
vrajantam avyād vaikuṇṭha
vrajantam
while walking
avyāt
may He protect
vaikuṇṭhaḥ
Lord Vaikuṇṭha
āsīnaṁ tvāṁ śriyaḥ patiḥ
āsīnam
while sitting down
tvām
unto You
śriyaḥ patiḥ
Nārāyaṇa, the husband of the goddess of fortune (may protect)
bhuñjānaṁ yajñabhuk pātu
bhuñjānam
while enjoying life
yajñabhuk
Yajñabhuk
pātu
may He protect
sarva-graha-bhayaṅkaraḥ
sarva - graha - bhayam - karaḥ
who is fearful to all evil planets .
Important Words
  • govindaḥ — Lord Govinda
    Compound — go (cow, senses, earth) + vinda (one who gives pleasure or recovers). The name first appears in Bhāgavata before the famous Govardhana līlā that will explain it (SB 10.27). Invoked here precisely for the krīḍā-state — playing — because Govinda is the Lord-of-play par excellence.
  • mādhavaḥ — Lord Mādhava
    From madhu (honey/sweetness, also the name of a slain demon) + va. Mādhava is the husband of Lakṣmī (Mā) and the source of sweetness; invoked over sleep because the mādhurya-rasa intensifies in restful, intimate hours.
  • vaikuṇṭhaḥ — Lord Vaikuṇṭha
    From vi (without) + kuṇṭha (obstruction) — 'the unobstructed one,' and by extension His abode. Invoked over walking, because the Lord whose movements never meet obstruction is the right guardian for our walking, where we so easily stumble.
  • yajñabhuk — Lord Yajñabhuk, the enjoyer of sacrifice
    Compound — yajña + bhuj (enjoyer). The Gītā's repeated declaration: bhoktāraṁ yajña-tapasāṁ (Gītā 5.29). He is invoked over eating, since for the devotee no food is private — every meal is yajña and He is its bhuktā.
  • sarva - graha - bhayam - karaḥ — (He who is) fear-producing to all malefic planets
    Compound — sarva (all) + graha (planet, seizer) + bhayam-kara (fear-causing). A startling phrase: the demigods of inauspiciousness themselves fear this Lord. Therefore He is the right guardian over the most exposed motion of the body — eating — when grahas are traditionally most active.
May Lord Pṛśnigarbha protect Your intelligence, and the Supreme Personality of Godhead Your soul. While You are playing, may Govinda protect You, and while You are sleeping may Mādhava protect You. May Lord Vaikuṇṭha protect You while You are walking, and may Lord Nārāyaṇa, the husband of the goddess of fortune, protect You while You are sitting. Similarly, may Lord Yajñabhuk, the fearful enemy of all evil planets, always protect You while You enjoy life.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
May Lord Pṛśnigarbha protect Your intelligence, and the Supreme Personality of Godhead Your soul. While You are playing, may Govinda protect You, and while You are sleeping may Mādhava protect You. May Lord Vaikuṇṭha protect You while You are walking, and may Lord Nārāyaṇa, the husband of the goddess of fortune, protect You while You are sitting. Similarly, may Lord Yajṣabhuk, the fearful enemy of all evil planets, always protect You while You enjoy life.
Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Bhagavān paraḥ means Svayam Bhagavān. The subtle meaning here is that the expansions should protect Kṛṣṇa’s limbs since the expansions are the limbs in his possession and Svayam Bhagavān should protect himself (ātmānam) since he is the possessor of the limbs. The avatāras protecting his limbs are his āvaraṇa deities or protective forms surrounding him. Names are then mentioned in relation to Kṛṣṇa’s activities. Govinda means “he who plays among the cows.” The gopīs perceive different suitable forms in relation to the activities of Kṛṣṇa. Mādhava refers to the Lord sleeping on Śeṣa, while Lakṣmī massages his feet. He should protect Kṛṣṇa’s lying down and sleeping. Vaikuṇṭha is the avatāra who was the son of Vikuṇṭha, who came out of the palace using his feet to solve the quarrel between the Kumāras and Jaya and Vijaya. He should protect Kṛṣṇa’s walking. The husband of Lakṣmī refers to Mahā-nārāyaṇa who sits on a huge throne in Vaikuṇṭha. He should protect Kṛṣṇa’s sitting. The enjoyer of sacrifices should protect his enjoyment. The phrase “giving fear to all planets” should modify all the different forms of the Lord mentioned. All the deities mentioned protect Kṛṣṇa from the bad influence of planets while he performs all his activities.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The phrase “giving fear to all planets” should modify all the different forms of the Lord mentioned. All the deities mentioned protect Kṛṣṇa from the bad influence of planets while he performs all his activities.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Bhakti (Devotion)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)Raksha (Protective Responsibility)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Tyaga (Renunciation / Letting Go)
Related verses
SB 10.6.22 SB 10.6.24 SB 10.6.27 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Personal Guidance
Kṛṣṇa's plenary expansions guard every act — playing, sleeping, walking, sitting, eating — so entrust each ordinary motion of the day to Him.
Practical Applications
  • Before each transition today — rising, walking out, sitting at work, eating, lying down — silently call on Kṛṣṇa by one of His names as Govinda, Mādhava, or Nārāyaṇa.
  • Refuse the illusion of self-protection: when fear of accident, illness, or unseen forces arises, remember that Yajñabhuk is the real shield and that anxious self-management is wasted ahaṅkāra.
  • Treat one ordinary meal today as offered food eaten under Yajñabhuk's protection — pause, offer it to Kṛṣṇa, and eat without distraction or grievance.
Analogy

Pṛśnigarbha for the intellect, Bhagavān for the soul, Govinda for playing, Mādhava for sleeping, Vaikuṇṭha for walking, Lakṣmī-pati for sitting, Yajñabhuk for eating is the wife who packs her child's lunchbox with a different little prayer for each break of the school day — one for the bell, one for the recess, one for the way home. Every motion the soul makes has a named Bhagavān assigned to it.

Stories
Mīrā singing through the day

Mīrā Bai (Gauḍīya hagiography records her in the line of Vaiṣṇava bhaktās) is said to have sung to Giridhārī Gopāla through every movement of the day — grinding, drawing water, walking, eating, sleeping. She did not separate 'sādhana time' from 'kitchen time'; each motion was a name.

The gopīs' rakṣā-mantra in 10.6.25–26 sanctifies exactly this attitude. Govinda when playing, Mādhava when sleeping — Mīrā lived this verse as adult bhakti.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.27-29

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డాకిన్యో యాతుధాన్యశ్చ కుష్మాణ్డా యేఽర్భకగ్రహా: । భూతప్రేతపిశాచాశ్చ యక్షరక్షోవినాయకా: ॥ ౨౭ ॥ కోటరా రేవతీ జ్యేష్ఠా పూతనా మాతృకాదయ: । ఉన్మాదా యే హ్యపస్మారా దేహప్రాణేన్ద్రియద్రుహ: ॥ ౨౮ ॥ స్వప్నద‍ృష్టా మహోత్పాతా వృద్ధా బాలగ్రహాశ్చ యే । సర్వే నశ్యన్తు తే విష్ణోర్నామగ్రహణభీరవ: ॥ ౨౯ ॥
ḍākinyo yātudhānyaś ca
[daakinyo yaatudhaanyash cha]
kuṣmāṇḍā ye ’rbhaka-grahāḥ
[kushmaandaa ye ’rbhaka-grahaah]
bhūta-preta-piśācāś ca
[bhoota-preta-pishaachaash cha]
yakṣa-rakṣo-vināyakāḥ
[yaksha-raksho-vinaayakaah]
koṭarā revatī jyeṣṭhā
[kotaraa revatee jyeshthaa]
pūtanā mātṛkādayaḥ
[pootanaa maatrikaadayah]
unmādā ye hy apasmārā
[unmaadaa ye hy apasmaaraa]
deha-prāṇendriya-druhaḥ
[deha-praanendriya-druhah]
svapna-dṛṣṭā mahotpātā
[svapna-drishtaa mahotpaataa]
vṛddhā bāla-grahāś ca ye
[vriddhaa baala-grahaash cha ye]
sarve naśyantu te viṣṇor
[sarve nashyantu te vishnor]
nāma-grahaṇa-bhīravaḥ
[naama-grahana-bheeravah]
Word-for-word
ḍākinyaḥ yātudhānyaḥ ca kuṣmāṇḍāḥ — witches and devils, enemies of children ye — those who are arbhaka - grahāḥ — like evil stars for children bhūta — evil spirits preta — evil hobgoblins piśācāḥ — similar bad spirits ca — also yakṣa — the living entities known as Yakṣas rakṣaḥ — those known as Rākṣasas vināyakāḥ — those by the name Vināyaka koṭarā — by the name Koṭarā revatī — by the name Revatī jyeṣṭhā — by the name Jyeṣṭhā pūtanā — by the name Pūtanā mātṛkā - ādayaḥ — and evil women like Mātṛkā unmādāḥ — those who cause madness ye — which others hi — indeed apasmārāḥ — causing loss of memory deha - prāṇa - indriya — to the body, life air and senses druhaḥ — give trouble svapna - dṛṣṭāḥ — the evil spirits that cause bad dreams mahā - utpātāḥ — those causing great disturbances vṛddhāḥ — the most experienced bāla - grahāḥ ca — and those attacking children ye — who sarve — all of them naśyantu — let be vanquished te — those viṣṇoḥ — of Lord Viṣṇu nāma - grahaṇa — by the chanting of the name bhīravaḥ — become afraid .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
ḍākinyo yātudhānyaś ca
ḍākinyaḥ yātudhānyaḥ ca kuṣmāṇḍāḥ
witches and devils, enemies of children
kuṣmāṇḍā ye ’rbhaka-grahāḥ
ye
those who are
bhūta-preta-piśācāś ca
yakṣa-rakṣo-vināyakāḥ
arbhaka - grahāḥ
like evil stars for children
koṭarā revatī jyeṣṭhā
pūtanā mātṛkādayaḥ
unmādā ye hy apasmārā
deha-prāṇendriya-druhaḥ
svapna-dṛṣṭā mahotpātā
vṛddhā bāla-grahāś ca ye
sarve naśyantu te viṣṇor
nāma-grahaṇa-bhīravaḥ
bhūta
evil spirits
preta
evil hobgoblins
piśācāḥ
similar bad spirits
ca
also
yakṣa
the living entities known as Yakṣas
rakṣaḥ
those known as Rākṣasas
vināyakāḥ
those by the name Vināyaka
koṭarā
by the name Koṭarā
revatī
by the name Revatī
jyeṣṭhā
by the name Jyeṣṭhā
pūtanā
by the name Pūtanā
mātṛkā - ādayaḥ
and evil women like Mātṛkā
unmādāḥ
those who cause madness
ye
which others
hi
indeed
apasmārāḥ
causing loss of memory
deha - prāṇa - indriya
to the body, life air and senses
druhaḥ
give trouble
svapna - dṛṣṭāḥ
the evil spirits that cause bad dreams
mahā - utpātāḥ
those causing great disturbances
vṛddhāḥ
the most experienced
bāla - grahāḥ ca
and those attacking children
ye
who
sarve
all of them
naśyantu
let be vanquished
te
those
viṣṇoḥ
of Lord Viṣṇu
nāma - grahaṇa
by the chanting of the name
bhīravaḥ
become afraid .
Important Words
  • viṣṇoḥ — of Lord Viṣṇu
    Genitive — 'of Viṣṇu.' The Lord whose name is the weapon. Gauḍīya doctrine: nāma is non-different from nāmī; therefore viṣṇoḥ nāma is Viṣṇu personally acting in sound.
  • nāma - grahaṇa — the chanting / taking of the name
    Compound — nāma (name) + grahaṇa (taking, uttering). The technical phrase for harināma-kīrtana. Caitanya Mahāprabhu's whole mission rests on this verse-line: kṛṣṇa-nāma-grahaṇe sarva-pāpa nāśa — name-chanting destroys all demons and all sins.
  • bhīravaḥ — become afraid (lit. become afraid-ones)
    Nominative plural of bhīru — fearful ones. The very classes of beings that cause fear are themselves declared afraid at the Name. The grammar reverses the ordinary direction of bhaya: the terrifier is now the terrified.
  • deha - prāṇa - indriya — (troublers of) body, life-air, and senses
    Compound — deha + prāṇa + indriya. The Bhāgavata's standard tri-fold body-anatomy targeted by these forces. Each is also covered in 19–26 by a specific Lord — the verse's organization is consistent.
  • arbhaka - grahāḥ — (evil influences) attacking children
    Compound — arbhaka (child) + graha (seizer). The Pūtanā-class. Bhāgavata names them not to dignify them but to dismiss them en bloc by the Name. Vaiṣṇava pastoral counsel: parents are taught to invoke viṣṇu-nāma over children precisely because these classes are real.
The evil witches known as Ḍākinīs, Yātudhānīs and Kuṣmāṇḍas are the greatest enemies of children, and the evil spirits like Bhūtas, Pretas, Piśācas, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas and Vināyakas, as well as witches like Koṭarā, Revatī, Jyeṣṭhā, Pūtanā and Mātṛkā, are always ready to give trouble to the body, the life air and the senses, causing loss of memory, madness and bad dreams. Like the most experienced evil stars, they all create great disturbances, especially for children, but one can vanquish them simply by uttering Lord Viṣṇu’s name, for when Lord Viṣṇu’s name resounds, all of them become afraid and go away.
Purport

As stated in the Brahma-saṁhitā (5.33) : advaitam acyutam anādim ananta-rūpam ādyaṁ purāṇa-puruṣaṁ nava-yauvanaṁ ca vedeṣu durlabham adurlabham ātma-bhaktau govindam ādi-puruṣaṁ tam ahaṁ bhajāmi “I worship the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Govinda, who is the original person — nondual, infallible, and without beginning. Although He expands into unlimited forms, He is still the original, and although He is the oldest person, He always appears as a fresh youth. Such eternal, blissful and all-knowing forms of the Lord cannot be understood by the academic wisdom of the Vedas, but they are always manifest to pure, unalloyed devotees.” While decorating the body with tilaka, we give protection to the body by chanting twelve names of Viṣṇu. Although Govinda, or Lord Viṣṇu, is one, He has different names and forms with which to act differently. But if one cannot remember all the names at one time, one may simply chant, “Lord Viṣṇu, Lord Viṣṇu, Lord Viṣṇu,” and always think of Lord Viṣṇu. Viṣṇor ārādhanaṁ param: this is the highest form of worship. If one remembers Viṣṇu always, even though one is disturbed by many bad elements, one can be protected without a doubt. The Āyurveda-śāstra recommends, auṣadhi cintayet viṣṇum: even while taking medicine, one should remember Viṣṇu, because the medicine is not all and all and Lord Viṣṇu is the real protector. The material world is full of danger ( padaṁ padaṁ yad vipadām ). Therefore one must become a Vaiṣṇava and think of Viṣṇu constantly. This is made easier by the chanting of the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra. Therefore Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu has recommended, kīrtanīyaḥ sadā hariḥ paraṁ vijayate śrī-kṛṣṇa-saṅkīrtanam, and kīrtanād eva kṛṣṇasya mukta-saṅgaḥ paraṁ vrajet.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The evil witches known as Ḍākinīs, Yātudhānīs and Kuṣmāṇḍas are the greatest enemies of children, and the evil spirits like Bhūtas, Pretas, Piśācas, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas and Vināyakas, as well as witches like Koṭarā, Revatī, Jyeṣṭhā, Pūtanā and Mātṛkā, are always ready to give trouble to the body, the life air and the senses, causing loss of memory, madness and bad dreams. Like the most experienced evil stars, they all create great disturbances, especially for children, but one can vanquish them simply by uttering Lord Viṣṇu's name, for when Lord Viṣṇu's name resounds, all of them become afraid and go away.
Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

This list should also include Carakīs and Jvālāmukhīs. Bāla-grahāḥ is repeated (arbhaka-grahāḥ) because children have intense fear of them. Some say that arbhaka-grahas are those who snatch living beings by taking the form of a child. These are a type of Piśāca.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Bhakti (Devotion)Guru Bhakti (Reverence for Teacher)Raksha (Protective Responsibility)
Related verses
SB 10.6.24 SB 10.6.25 SB 10.6.30 BG 4.8 BG 18.30 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 15.1 BG 9.11
Concepts
Mantra
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
In a world full of unseen disturbances, chant Lord Viṣṇu's names — His holy name itself is the protection no medicine or precaution can replace.
Practical Applications
  • Begin the day by audibly chanting 'Viṣṇu, Viṣṇu, Viṣṇu' or the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra before reaching for your phone, planting His name as the first sound of your day.
  • When anxiety, bad dreams, or intrusive thoughts arise, refuse to fight them mentally — instead chant Kṛṣṇa's name aloud and let the disturbance retreat on its own.
  • While taking medicine, food, or any precaution today, remember auṣadhi cintayet viṣṇum — silently offer it to Viṣṇu, acknowledging Him as the real protector behind every remedy.
Analogy

Listing Ḍākinīs, Yātudhānīs, Kuṣmāṇḍas, Bhūtas, Pretas, Piśācas, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas, Vināyakas, Koṭarā, Revatī, Jyeṣṭhā, Pūtanā, Mātṛkās — and then declaring that Lord Viṣṇu's name vanquishes all of them — is the village notary reading out the long catalogue of debts before tearing the page in half. The list is exhaustive on purpose, so that no debt-collector can later say, 'But my kind was not named.' The Name covers all of them at once.

Stories
Ajāmila's single Nārāyaṇa

The fallen Ajāmila (SB 6.1–3), at the hour of death, called the name of his son Nārāyaṇa — and the Viṣṇudūtas appeared, scattering the Yamadūtas. The Yamadūtas' detailed list of his sins, like the Bhāgavata's list of grahas in 10.6.27–29, was real and accurate. The Name still trumped it.

The Bhāgavata in this chapter, in two registers — protective rakṣā for the infant Kṛṣṇa and pratimukti for the dying brāhmaṇa — teaches the same single fact: viṣṇoḥ nāma-grahaṇam empties every demon's catalogue.

Haridāsa Ṭhākura before the maṅkārī

Gauḍīya hagiography (Caitanya-caritāmṛta Antya-līlā 3) records that when a beautiful prostitute was sent by an enemy to seduce Haridāsa Ṭhākura, she sat before him for three nights as he continued his three-lakh-name daily japa. The mātṛkā-form of māyā in feminine guise dissolved against the harināma; she ended as his disciple.

Verses 27–29 are the doctrinal basis for that pastime: viṣṇoḥ nāma-grahaṇa-bhīravaḥ — every disturbing form is afraid at the chanting of the Name.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.30

↗
శ్రీశుక ఉవాచ ఇతి ప్రణయబద్ధాభిర్గోపీభి: కృతరక్షణమ్ । పాయయిత్వా స్తనం మాతా సన్న్యవేశయదాత్మజమ్ ॥ ౩౦ ॥
śrī-śuka uvāca
[shree-shuka uvaacha]
iti praṇaya-baddhābhir
[iti pranaya-baddhaabhir]
gopībhiḥ kṛta-rakṣaṇam
[gopeebhih krita-rakshanam]
pāyayitvā stanaṁ mātā
[paayayitvaa stanam maataa]
sannyaveśayad ātmajam
[sannyaveshayad aatmajam]
Word-for-word
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca — Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said iti — in this way praṇaya - baddhābhiḥ — who were bound with maternal affection gopībhiḥ — by the elderly gopīs, headed by mother Yaśodā kṛta - rakṣaṇam — all measures were taken to protect the child pāyayitvā — and after that, feeding the child stanam — the nipple mātā — mother Yaśodā sannyaveśayat — made to lie down on the bed ātmajam — her son .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-śuka uvāca
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca
Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said
iti praṇaya-baddhābhir
iti
in this way
praṇaya - baddhābhiḥ
who were bound with maternal affection
gopībhiḥ kṛta-rakṣaṇam
gopībhiḥ
by the elderly gopīs, headed by mother Yaśodā
kṛta - rakṣaṇam
all measures were taken to protect the child
pāyayitvā stanaṁ mātā
pāyayitvā
and after that, feeding the child
stanam
the nipple
mātā
mother Yaśodā
sannyaveśayad ātmajam
sannyaveśayat
made to lie down on the bed
ātmajam
her son .
Important Words
  • praṇaya - baddhābhiḥ — (by the gopīs) who were bound by maternal affection
    Compound — praṇaya (deep affection, intimacy) + baddha (bound) + feminine plural instrumental. Praṇaya is a higher emotional grade than mere sneha — in Rūpa Gosvāmī's Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, praṇaya is a sub-stage in the maturation of prema. The gopīs' bond is already at that level.
  • kṛta - rakṣaṇam — (unto whom) protection had been performed
    Compound — kṛta (done) + rakṣaṇa (protection). The rakṣā-mantras of verses 19–29 are summed up in this single past-participial phrase. Vedic and Vaiṣṇava ritual: name the act, then close it; only then return to ordinary care.
  • pāyayitvā — after feeding (the breast)
    Causative gerund of pā (to drink). She caused Him to drink — gentle, ordinary, repeated. After the high-key kavaca, the Bhāgavata steps back into vātsalya's plainest verb.
  • sannyaveśayat — made (Him) lie down (on the bed)
    Causative imperfect of sam-ni-viś (to settle). The same verb-family used for ritual installation of a Deity in His temple bed. Yaśodā is, in effect, performing nidrā-sevā for Bhagavān; she does not call it that, which is why it is so dear to Him.
  • ātmajam — her son
    Compound — ātma (self) + ja (born from). 'Born from one's own self.' Gauḍīya note: in Yaśodā's vātsalya the bhāva of 'my own child' is given by Yoga-māyā even though Kṛṣṇa is not biologically hers — the bhāva is doctrinally true at the level of love, not biology. Bhagavān accepts the relationship as real.
Śrīla Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: All the gopīs, headed by mother Yaśodā, were bound by maternal affection. After they thus chanted mantras to protect the child, mother Yaśodā gave the child the nipple of her breast to suck and then got Him to lie down on His bed.
Purport

When a baby drinks milk from the breast of his mother, this is a good sign of health. So the elderly gopīs were not satisfied with chanting mantras to give protection to Kṛṣṇa; they also tested whether their child’s health was in order. When the child sucked the breast, this confirmed that He was healthy, and when the gopīs were fully satisfied, they had the child lie down on His bed.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Śrīla Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: All the gopīs, headed by mother Yaśodā, were bound by maternal affection. After they thus chanted mantras to protect the child, mother Yaśodā gave the child the nipple of her breast to suck and then got Him to lie down on His bed.
Commentary

Thus the gopis completed the rituals for protection, bound to Yasoda’s house by affection. Yasoda then made Krsna drink milk from her breast. By his drinking she could understand that he was in good health. Then she put him to sleep.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The gopīs protected Kṛṣṇa because of being bound by great affection. They always remained in Yaśodā’s house as nurses because of that affection. They engaged in various activities there because of great eagerness for the Lord. Yaśodā showed her natural affection as a mother by giving her breast. This is also a customary way of seeing if the child is in good health.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Bhakti (Devotion)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)
Related verses
SB 10.6.27 SB 10.6.31 SB 10.6.32 SB 10.6.33 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Concepts
Mantra
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Yaśodā's anxious tending of baby Kṛṣṇa shows that bhakti expresses itself as concrete, embodied care — love verified by attention, not sentiment.
Practical Applications
  • Tend to one dependent — child, elder, or junior — today with the same patient, hands-on attentiveness Yaśodā gave Kṛṣṇa, not delegated and not rushed.
  • Refuse the false choice between 'spiritual' acts and bodily care; offer the next ordinary nurturing task (feeding, settling, comforting) directly to Kṛṣṇa as sevā.
  • Notice where you stop at chanting or wishing and skip the practical follow-through, and finish at least one such task today before lying down to rest.
Analogy

Yaśodā, having performed the rakṣā-mantra, now lays the child to her breast and to His bed — exactly as a master architect, after blessing the foundations, returns to washing the dishes. Pure vātsalya is small, near, and embodied; it does not float above its child in mystic abstraction but settles, nipple-to-mouth, into ordinary care.

Stories
Kausalyā tending the boy Rāma

In Ayodhyā-kāṇḍa, the Rāmāyaṇa lingers on Kausalyā's daily acts of motherly care for Rāma — bathing, feeding, plaiting hair — before His exile to the forest. She is queen-consort of Daśaratha; her hands still hold milk and oils.

Yaśodā in 10.6.30, having just protected her child with high mantras, does precisely the same — feeds, lays Him down, smooths the cloth. Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra reads Yaśodā's vātsalya as higher than Kausalyā's; the verse models its texture: post-mantra, the milk.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.31

↗
తావన్నన్దాదయో గోపా మథురాయా వ్రజం గతా: । విలోక్య పూతనాదేహం బభూవురతివిస్మితా: ॥ ౩౧ ॥
tāvan nandādayo gopā
[taavan nandaadayo gopaa]
mathurāyā vrajaṁ gatāḥ
[mathuraayaa vrajam gataah]
vilokya pūtanā-dehaṁ
[vilokya pootanaa-deham]
babhūvur ativismitāḥ
[babhoovur ativismitaah]
Word-for-word
tāvat — in the meantime nanda - ādayaḥ — headed by Nanda Mahārāja gopāḥ — all the cowherd men mathurāyāḥ — from Mathurā vrajam — to Vṛndāvana gatāḥ — came back vilokya — when they saw pūtanā - deham — the gigantic body of Pūtanā lying dead babhūvuḥ — became ati — very much vismitāḥ — struck with wonder .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tāvan nandādayo gopā
tāvat
in the meantime
nanda - ādayaḥ
headed by Nanda Mahārāja
gopāḥ
all the cowherd men
mathurāyā vrajaṁ gatāḥ
mathurāyāḥ
from Mathurā
vrajam
to Vṛndāvana
gatāḥ
came back
vilokya pūtanā-dehaṁ
vilokya
when they saw
pūtanā - deham
the gigantic body of Pūtanā lying dead
babhūvur ativismitāḥ
babhūvuḥ
became
ati
very much
vismitāḥ
struck with wonder .
Important Words
  • vismitāḥ — struck with wonder
    Nominative plural past participle of vi-smi (to be amazed). Bhāgavata's signature emotion at the līlā: vismaya, the speechless astonishment that precedes faith. Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra lists adbhuta-rasa as a vyabhicāri-bhāva supporting all primary rasas — wonder underwrites every loving response.
  • pūtanā - deham — the (gigantic) body of Pūtanā
    Compound — Pūtanā + deha (body) + accusative. The leftover of māyā after Kṛṣṇa has acted. Bhāgavata is unsentimental: His mercy leaves visible wreckage, and the devotee does not pretend the wreckage is not there.
  • nanda - ādayaḥ — headed by Nanda Mahārāja
    Compound — Nanda + ādi (etc.). Nanda is named first because as gopa-rāja he is the responsible elder. The verse maintains the social order even at the moment of cosmic wonder.
  • mathurāyāḥ — from Mathurā
    Ablative of Mathurā. The trip was business — taxes, perhaps offerings — at Kaṁsa's capital. Bhāgavata-tattva note: ordinary commerce was running in Mathurā while in Vraja the Lord was slaying His first demon. Kṛṣṇa's līlā moves on a separate timeline from the world's news cycle.
  • vrajam — to Vṛndāvana / Vraja
    Accusative — to Vraja. The verse's geography is precise: Mathurā outward, Vraja inward. Gauḍīya tīrtha-vicāra makes much of this — Mathurā is great, but Vraja (Goloka's manifestation) is greater.
Meanwhile, all the cowherd men, headed by Nanda Mahārāja, returned from Mathurā, and when they saw on the way the gigantic body of Pūtanā lying dead, they were struck with great wonder.
Purport

Nanda Mahārāja’s wonder may be understood in various ways. First of all, the cowherd men had never before seen such a gigantic body in Vṛndāvana, and therefore they were struck with wonder. Then they began to consider where such a body had come from, whether it had dropped from the sky, or whether, by some mistake or by the power of some mystic yoginī, they had come to some place other than Vṛndāvana. They could not actually guess what had happened, and therefore they were struck with wonder.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Meanwhile, all the cowherd men, headed by Nanda Mahārāja, returned from Mathurā, and when they saw on the way the gigantic body of Pūtanā lying dead, they were struck with great wonder.
Commentary

The cowherd men were astonished. Perhaps by mistake, a mountain with unclipped wings fell from the sky and crushed all the huge trees. Perhaps, under the spell of some witch we have come to the wrong place. Or perhaps this is just a magical illusion. In this way many doubts arose in their minds.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The cowherds returned quickly to Vraja. That was mentioned. Coming from Mathurā they came within sight of Vraja. From afar they thought Pūtanā might be a mountain. They imagined various things since at a distance they could see the body properly. They were astonished because Vasudeva’s words about disturbance had come true.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Bhakti (Devotion)Raksha (Protective Responsibility)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)
Related verses
SB 10.6.30 SB 10.6.32 SB 10.6.33 SB 10.6.34 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
When Kṛṣṇa silently destroys a Pūtanā in your life, you may return to find only the wreckage — wonder, then trace it back to His mercy.
Practical Applications
  • Notice one disaster Kṛṣṇa quietly averted while you were elsewhere today, and name it aloud as His protection rather than your luck.
  • When you encounter the 'gigantic corpse' of a problem already resolved without you, refuse the impulse to credit chance — sit with the wonder and offer thanks.
  • Speak to one family member tonight about a danger Kṛṣṇa removed from your household, so the wonder of Nanda Mahārāja becomes shared kṛtajñatā, not private sentiment.
Analogy

Nanda's party returning from Mathurā to find the twelve-mile corpse of Pūtanā lying across the pasture is the householder who comes home from a business trip to find a great oak felled in his garden — he did not chop it, no storm was reported, and the trunk still steams. So we sometimes return to our lives and discover that Kṛṣṇa, while we were elsewhere, has quietly removed what we did not even know was there.

Stories
Yudhiṣṭhira returning to find Aśvatthāmā stopped

When Aśvatthāmā unleashed the brahmāstra against the womb of Uttarā, Kṛṣṇa personally entered to protect the embryo Parīkṣit (SB 1.7–8, 1.12). The Pāṇḍavas, who had been managing the larger war's aftermath, learned only later what had been averted in their absence.

Nanda's wonder in 10.6.31 is the householder version of the Pāṇḍava arc: come back from your Mathurā-trip, count the disasters Kṛṣṇa quietly disarmed while you were busy, and let the wonder become kṛtajñatā, not luck.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.32

↗
నూనం బతర్షి: సఞ్జాతో యోగేశో వా సమాస స: । స ఏవ ద‍ృష్టో హ్యుత్పాతో యదాహానకదున్దుభి: ॥ ౩౨ ॥
nūnaṁ batarṣiḥ sañjāto
[noonam batarshih sanjaato]
yogeśo vā samāsa saḥ
[yogesho vaa samaasa sah]
sa eva dṛṣṭo hy utpāto
[sa eva drishto hy utpaato]
yad āhānakadundubhiḥ
[yad aahaanakadundubhih]
Word-for-word
nūnam — certainly bata — O my friends ṛṣiḥ — a great saintly person sañjātaḥ — has become yoga - īśaḥ — a master of mystic power vā — or samāsa — has become saḥ — he (Vasudeva) saḥ — that eva — indeed dṛṣṭaḥ — has been seen (by us) hi — because utpātaḥ — kind of disturbance yat — that which āha — predicted ānakadundubhiḥ — Ānakadundubhi (another name of Vasudeva) .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
nūnaṁ batarṣiḥ sañjāto
nūnam
certainly
bata
O my friends
ṛṣiḥ
a great saintly person
sañjātaḥ
has become
yogeśo vā samāsa saḥ
yoga - īśaḥ
a master of mystic power
vā
or
samāsa
has become
saḥ
he (Vasudeva)
sa eva dṛṣṭo hy utpāto
saḥ
that
eva
indeed
dṛṣṭaḥ
has been seen (by us)
yad āhānakadundubhiḥ
hi
because
utpātaḥ
kind of disturbance
yat
that which
āha
predicted
ānakadundubhiḥ
Ānakadundubhi (another name of Vasudeva) .
Important Words
  • ṛṣiḥ — a great saintly person
    Nominative — a Vedic seer. Bhāgavata uses ṛṣi here in its functional sense: one whose attention is so trained on truth that foresight follows. Gauḍīya note: a Vaiṣṇava becomes ṛṣi not by mantra-siddhi but by anugraha — Kṛṣṇa's grace clarifying his sight.
  • yoga - īśaḥ — a master of mystic power
    Compound — yoga + īśa. Lord of yogic potency. Nanda's mistake is touching: he assumes Vasudeva must have aṣṭa-siddhis to foresee danger. The Bhāgavata corrects this gently across the canto — true Vaiṣṇavas are yogeśas only in the sense that they have Yogeśvara as their Lord.
  • utpātaḥ — kind of disturbance
    Nominative of utpāta — an inauspicious portent. Bhāgavata vocabulary for cosmic disturbance (echoing verse 1's utpāta-āgama-śaṅkitaḥ). The episode closes the loop opened in verse 1: the utpāta Nanda feared has been described, and now he names it.
  • āha — (he) said / predicted
    Perfect of brū (defective root, perfect āha = 'he said'). Vasudeva spoke; that simple act of speech turned out to be foresight. Bhāgavata's sober register: prophecy in this tradition usually looks like a careful sentence.
  • ānakadundubhiḥ — Ānakadundubhi (Vasudeva)
    Compound — ānaka (kettle-drum) + dundubhi (large drum). Vasudeva's epithet — at his birth the drums of the demigods sounded. Bhāgavata names him by this title here precisely to underline his cosmic stature, which Nanda has only just begun to perceive.
Nanda Mahārāja and the other gopas exclaimed: My dear friends, you must know that Ānakadundubhi, Vasudeva, has become a great saint or a master of mystic power. Otherwise how could he have foreseen this calamity and predicted it to us?
Purport

This verse illustrates the difference between kṣatriyas and innocent vaiśyas. By studying the political situation, Vasudeva could see what would happen, whereas Nanda Mahārāja, the king of the agriculturalists, could only guess that Vasudeva was a great saintly person and had developed mystic powers. Vasudeva actually had all mystic powers under his control; otherwise he could not have become the father of Kṛṣṇa. But in fact he foresaw the calamities in Vraja by studying Kaṁsa’s political activities and thus warned Nanda Mahārāja to take precautions, although Nanda Mahārāja thought that Vasudeva had predicted this incident through wonderful mystic powers. By mystic powers gained through the practice of haṭha-yoga, one can study and understand the future.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Nanda Mahārāja and the other gopas exclaimed: My dear friends, you must know that Ānakadundubhi, Vasudeva, has become a great saint or a master of mystic power. Otherwise how could he have foreseen this calamity and predicted it to us?
Commentary

"Certainly (nunam) Vasudeva is a rsi in our family; being all knowing, he has predicted correctly. Through practice of astanga yoga (yogesa) he has developed the eyes to see the future. He shines preminently (sam asa)."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They talked among themselves in astonishment. Nūnam indicates conjecture. Vasudeva was not like this before. Now he has become a real sage because he makes authoritative statements like the sages. “But we cannot see the symptoms of a sage in him.” Then perhaps he is a master of yoga—fixed on internal worship. The words saṣjātaḥ and samāsa both have the affix sam. They indicate “being fixed.” What is the reason for saying this? He saw these disturbances. He is Anakadundubhi. The drums announced his qualification for this at his birth. Or, in a previous birth perhaps he was a sage or yogī. Now he has been born as Vasudeva. Because he is omniscient he spoke in this manner. This is how they thought. Thus they were astonished.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Bhakti (Devotion)Guru Bhakti (Reverence for Teacher)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)
Related verses
SB 10.6.30 SB 10.6.31 SB 10.6.33 SB 10.6.34 SB 10.6.35 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 15.1 BG 7.3 BG 9.11
Concepts
Yoga
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Vasudeva's foresight came from sober study, not mystic display — clear seeing in Kṛṣṇa's service is itself the saint's true power.
Practical Applications
  • Study one concrete situation in your life today — at work, at home — the way Vasudeva studied Kaṁsa, and warn whoever needs warning before the calamity lands.
  • Refuse to mistake genuine devotional discernment for mystical theatrics; honor the quiet, sober vision of those serving Kṛṣṇa around you.
  • Notice when you, like Nanda Mahārāja, attribute another's clear thinking to magic — and instead ask what sober attention they paid that you skipped.
Analogy

Nanda's praise of Vasudeva — 'Surely he has become a ṛṣi or a yogeśvara, how else could he have foreseen this?' — is the villager praising the calm neighbor who, weeks before the flood, had quietly raised his floor by a foot. Vasudeva did no magic; he paid attention. The Bhāgavata's whole vision of the sober devotee is folded into Nanda's reverence here.

Stories
Vidura's quiet foresight at Hastināpura

All through the Mahābhārata's lead-up to war, Vidura — Kṛṣṇa-bhakta in the Kuru court — quietly warned Yudhiṣṭhira, Kuntī, and Dhṛtarāṣṭra of what was coming (Mahābhārata, Udyoga-parva). He did not perform yogic flights or mystic displays; he simply read dharma carefully and spoke when others were silent.

Nanda's praise of Vasudeva in 10.6.32 catches exactly this kind of saint. The devotee who 'foresees' is usually just the devotee who has been awake all along while the rest of us were asleep — and Bhāgavata calls that wakefulness ṛṣitva.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.33

↗
కలేవరం పరశుభిశ్ఛిత్త్వా తత్తే వ్రజౌకస: । దూరే క్షిప్‍త్వావయవశో న్యదహన్ కాష్ఠవేష్టితమ్ ॥ ౩౩ ॥
kalevaraṁ paraśubhiś
[kalevaram parashubhish]
chittvā tat te vrajaukasaḥ
[chittvaa tat te vrajaukasah]
dūre kṣiptvāvayavaśo
[doore kshiptvaavayavasho]
nyadahan kāṣṭha-veṣṭitam
[nyadahan kaashtha-veshtitam]
Word-for-word
kalevaram — the gigantic body of Pūtanā paraśubhiḥ — with the aid of axes chittvā — after cutting to pieces tat — that (body) te — all of those vraja - okasaḥ — inhabitants of Vraja dūre — far, far away kṣiptvā — after throwing avayavaśaḥ — different parts of the body, piece by piece nyadahan — burned to ashes kāṣṭha - veṣṭitam — covered by wood .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
kalevaraṁ paraśubhiś
kalevaram
the gigantic body of Pūtanā
paraśubhiḥ
with the aid of axes
chittvā tat te vrajaukasaḥ
chittvā
after cutting to pieces
tat
that (body)
te
all of those
vraja - okasaḥ
inhabitants of Vraja
dūre kṣiptvāvayavaśo
dūre
far, far away
kṣiptvā
after throwing
avayavaśaḥ
different parts of the body, piece by piece
nyadahan kāṣṭha-veṣṭitam
nyadahan
burned to ashes
kāṣṭha - veṣṭitam
covered by wood .
Important Words
  • paraśubhiḥ — with axes
    Instrumental plural of paraśu (axe). The everyday tool of Vraja's woodcutters does the work; the verse refuses high-tech weaponry. Even gross-level removal of māyā in our lives is honest, ordinary labor with simple instruments — japa-beads, simple vows, a deleted account.
  • avayavaśaḥ — piece by piece
    Adverb — limb by limb. Total dismemberment. Vaiṣṇava counsel: a viṣaya defeated must be unmade limb by limb — the contacts, the apps, the lingering screenshots — or its 'limbs' will reassemble.
  • kāṣṭha - veṣṭitam — covered by wood
    Compound — kāṣṭha (firewood) + veṣṭita (covered). Vedic cremation: the body is laid under wood before fire. Bhāgavata locates Pūtanā's exit within ordinary funerary rites — even she gets a proper antyeṣṭi at Kṛṣṇa's hands.
  • nyadahan — (they) burned to ashes
    Imperfect plural of ni-dah (to burn down). Complete combustion. The verse insists on completion: not 'they buried,' not 'they hid' — they burned, until nothing remained but ash. Vairāgya is fire-grade or it is not yet vairāgya.
  • vraja - okasaḥ — the inhabitants of Vraja
    Compound — vraja + okas (dweller). The same Vrajavāsīs who were charmed in verses 5–6 are now performing the executioner's cleanup. Bhāgavata gives no embarrassment over their earlier error — they correct it by completing the disposal Kṛṣṇa began.
The inhabitants of Vraja cut the gigantic body of Pūtanā into pieces with the help of axes. Then they threw the pieces far away, covered them with wood and burned them to ashes.
Purport

It is the practice that after a snake has been killed, its body is cut into various pieces for fear that it may come to life again simply by interacting with air. Merely killing a serpent is not sufficient; after it is killed, it must be cut to pieces and burned, and then the danger will be over. Pūtanā resembled a great serpent, and therefore the cowherd men took the same precautions by burning her body to ashes.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The inhabitants of Vraja cut the gigantic body of Pūtanā into pieces with the help of axes. Then they threw the pieces far away, covered them with wood and burned them to ashes.
Commentary

At the order of Upananda and others, lower rank men (vrajaukasa) burned up the body completely , for fear that it would come to life again. The influence of poisonous creatures is extinguished when their bodies are burned up.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

As soon as Nanda and others came close, Upananda and others who had stayed to protect Vraja engaged some lower caste inhabitants of Vraja in burning the body. They completely burned (nyadahan) the body, fearing it would again come to life. Another version has nirdehuh.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Those cowherds engaged by Nanda to protect Gokula or all the people of Vraja, frightened by seeing the body of Pūtanā, burned the body completely (nyadahan), fearing she would come to life again.

Related values & verses
Related verses
SB 10.6.30 SB 10.6.31 SB 10.6.32 SB 10.6.34 SB 10.6.35
Concepts
Jiva
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
What threatens the soul must be uprooted completely — half-measures with māyā let the serpent revive; finish what Kṛṣṇa has already slain.
Practical Applications
  • Identify one habit Kṛṣṇa's mercy has already weakened in you, and today cut off its remaining 'limbs' — the contacts, apps, or settings that let it regrow.
  • Refuse the comfort of partial vairāgya: when you renounce a viṣaya, also burn the kindling around it so it cannot rejoin with air and revive.
  • Before sleep, name one rajas/tamas tendency you 'killed' this week and ask honestly whether you have truly burned it or merely buried it shallow.
Analogy

Cutting Pūtanā's body into pieces with axes, throwing the pieces far, covering them with wood, and burning them to ash is the surgeon cutting out the tumor and the orderly carrying the parts to the incinerator — the work is gross because the disease was. The Vrajavāsīs do not romanticize her removal; they finish what Kṛṣṇa started, because partial vairāgya lets the same demoniac form re-grow.

Stories
Sītā refusing to return through Rāvaṇa's chariot

After Rāvaṇa's death, when Vibhīṣaṇa offered to send Sītā back to Rāma in Rāvaṇa's own chariot (Rāmāyaṇa, Yuddha-kāṇḍa), She refused to be carried even one step in a vehicle of the demon. The defilement was finished only by total separation from his every relic.

Vrajavāsīs in 10.6.33 carry the same logic — Pūtanā's body cannot be left for any cremation-ground crow to scatter. Burn, scatter, ash. The verse models how thoroughly the devotee removes the residue of a viṣaya already defeated.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.34

↗
దహ్యమానస్య దేహస్య ధూమశ్చాగురుసౌరభ: । ఉత్థిత: కృష్ణనిర్భుక్తసపద్యాహతపాప్మన: ॥ ౩౪ ॥
dahyamānasya dehasya
[dahyamaanasya dehasya]
dhūmaś cāguru-saurabhaḥ
[dhoomash chaaguru-saurabhah]
utthitaḥ kṛṣṇa-nirbhukta-
[utthitah krishna-nirbhukta-]
sapady āhata-pāpmanaḥ
[sapady aahata-paapmanah]
Word-for-word
dahyamānasya — while being burnt to ashes dehasya — of the body of Pūtanā dhūmaḥ — the smoke ca — and aguru - saurabhaḥ — turned into saintly scented smoke of the aguru herb utthitaḥ — emanating from her body kṛṣṇa - nirbhukta — because of Kṛṣṇa’s having sucked her breast sapadi — immediately āhata - pāpmanaḥ — her material body became spiritualized or relieved of all material conditions .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
dahyamānasya dehasya
dahyamānasya
while being burnt to ashes
dehasya
of the body of Pūtanā
dhūmaś cāguru-saurabhaḥ
dhūmaḥ
the smoke
ca
and
aguru - saurabhaḥ
turned into saintly scented smoke of the aguru herb
utthitaḥ kṛṣṇa-nirbhukta-
utthitaḥ
emanating from her body
kṛṣṇa - nirbhukta
because of Kṛṣṇa’s having sucked her breast
sapady āhata-pāpmanaḥ
sapadi
immediately
āhata - pāpmanaḥ
her material body became spiritualized or relieved of all material conditions .
Important Words
  • aguru - saurabhaḥ — the fragrance of aguru (incense)
    Compound — aguru (a fragrant heartwood) + saurabha (fragrance). The exclusive scent of temple worship and Deity sevā. The verse declares Pūtanā's body, post-Kṛṣṇa-contact, fit for a maṇḍira's incense brazier. Stunning theological inversion: the rākṣasī now smells like the ārati altar.
  • kṛṣṇa - nirbhukta — (because of being) drunk by Kṛṣṇa
    Compound — Kṛṣṇa + nirbhukta (entirely consumed). The reason is named explicitly. Gauḍīya doctrine: any contact in which Kṛṣṇa is the active partner — even if forced, even if hostile — purifies. Hence Caitanya Mahāprabhu's principle that even hating Kṛṣṇa intensely (dveṣa-bhakti) can deliver, as it did Kaṁsa and Śiśupāla.
  • āhata - pāpmanaḥ — her sinful reactions destroyed
    Compound — āhata (struck down) + pāpman (sin) + genitive. The pāpas are not negotiated, atoned, or worked off — they are 'struck down' instantly by contact with Bhagavān. Gauḍīya pratimukti-doctrine in compressed form.
  • sapadi — immediately
    Indeclinable — at once. Speed matters in the doctrine: nāma- or sparśa-contact with Kṛṣṇa does not wait for ripening; sapadi the result follows. Same word the Bhāgavata uses for the gajendra-mokṣa's instantaneousness.
  • dahyamānasya dehasya — (of) the body being burnt
    Adjacent genitive phrase — dahyamānasya (being burnt, present passive participle) + dehasya (of the body). The grammar is poignant — the very body that was āhata-pāpman has now become aguru-saurabha. The transformation happens on the pyre, in real time.
Because of Kṛṣṇa’s having sucked the breast of the Rākṣasī Pūtanā, when Kṛṣṇa killed her she was immediately freed of all material contamination. Her sinful reactions automatically vanished, and therefore when her gigantic body was being burnt, the smoke emanating from her body was fragrant like aguru incense.
Purport

Such are the effects of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. If one somehow or other becomes Kṛṣṇa conscious by applying his senses in the service of the Lord, one is immediately freed from material contamination. Śṛṇvatāṁ sva-kathāḥ kṛṣṇaḥ puṇya-śravaṇa-kīrtanaḥ ( Bhāg. 1.2.17 ). Hearing about the activities of Kṛṣṇa is the beginning of purified life. Puṇya-śravaṇa-kīrtanaḥ: simply by hearing and chanting, one becomes purified. Therefore, in discharging devotional service, śravaṇa-kīrtana (hearing and chanting) is most important. Then, with purified senses, one begins to render service to the Lord ( hṛṣīkeṇa hṛṣīkeśa-sevanam ). Bhaktir ucyate: this is called bhakti. When Pūtanā was somehow or other, directly or indirectly, induced to render some service to the Lord by feeding Him with her breast, she was immediately purified, so much so that when her nasty material body was burnt to ashes, it gave off the fragrance of aguru, the most agreeably scented herb.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Because of Kṛṣṇa's having sucked the breast of the Rākṣasī Pūtanā, when Kṛṣṇa killed her she was immediately freed of all material contamination. Her sinful reactions automatically vanished, and therefore when her gigantic body was being burnt, the smoke emanating from her body was fragrant like aguru incense.
Commentary

This verse describes how Putana’s body became sanctified by the touch of Krsna’s mouth. Her body became purified of all sins (ahata papma) at the moment (sapadi) that Krsna began drinking from her breast (krsna nirbhukta).

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The smoke from the burning body was scented with aguru. The word ca indicates that even her body became fragrant because of being enjoyed by Kṛṣṇa, having been touched by Kṛṣṇa’s mouth. Kṛṣṇa, filled with unlimited attractions such as his fragrant spiritual body, had constantly drunk (nirbhukta) her milk along with her life airs. For anyone who smelled, immediately on smelling the smoke all sins were completely destroyed (ā-hata). This shows the power of the Lord’s remnants. What then to say of the power of pure items offered with devotion? This is expressed in the next verse also.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The smoke from the burning body was scented with aguru. The word ca indicates that even her body became fragrant because of being enjoyed by Kṛṣṇa, having been touched by Kṛṣṇa’s mouth. Kṛṣṇa, filled with unlimited attractions such as his fragrant spiritual body, had constantly drunk (nirbhukta) her milk along with her life airs. For anyone who smelled the smoke, immediately all sins were completely destroyed (ā-hata). This should be said. Just as remnants of the Lord’ offering offered by those desiring liberation become pure nectar, destroying the great sickness of saṁsāra, a great poison obstructing the Lord, the body of Pūtana, the remnant of the lord’s enjoyment, became free of all faults and most purifying. Thus it is suitable that the smoke was fragrant.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)
Related verses
SB 10.6.31 SB 10.6.32 SB 10.6.33 SB 10.6.35 SB 10.6.37 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 9.34 BG 2.47 BG 1.1 BG 10.3
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Even unwilling, indirect service to Kṛṣṇa purifies absolutely — render Him service today, however small, and contamination begins to burn off.
Practical Applications
  • Engage one sense in direct service to Kṛṣṇa today — hear a verse aloud, chant His name, or cook and offer a meal — and trust that it works on you even when you feel unmoved.
  • Refuse the lie that you must first be 'pure enough' to approach Kṛṣṇa; act now in śravaṇa-kīrtana and let the act itself do the cleansing.
  • Notice someone you have written off as too fallen — a co-worker, a family member — and find one way to involve them in hearing or chanting about Kṛṣṇa today.
Analogy

Pūtanā's burning corpse exhaling aguru fragrance is the soaked rag thrown into a sandalwood fire and coming out smelling of sandal — the fire has not negotiated with the rag, it has consumed it, and the rag's own scent is replaced by what it touched. Service to Kṛṣṇa, however imperfect, is fire of that grade.

Stories
Valmīki the dacoit

Before he was the ādi-kavi who sang the Rāmāyaṇa, Vālmīki was a forest robber. Tradition records that the sage Nārada gave him the name of Rāma — even backwards, 'Marā, Marā' — and he chanted it for thousands of years until an anthill grew over him. He emerged as Vālmīki, his earlier name and karma burned off.

Pūtanā's aguru-saurabha in 10.6.34 is the same trajectory in a single afternoon's heat: contact with Kṛṣṇa burns the pāpa and leaves only fragrance behind.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.35-36

↗
పూతనా లోకబాలఘ్నీ రాక్షసీ రుధిరాశనా । జిఘాంసయాపి హరయే స్తనం దత్త్వాప సద్గతిమ్ ॥ ౩౫ ॥ కిం పున: శ్రద్ధయా భక్త్యా కృష్ణాయ పరమాత్మనే । యచ్ఛన్ ప్రియతమం కిం ను రక్తాస్తన్మాతరో యథా ॥ ౩౬ ॥
pūtanā loka-bāla-ghnī
[pootanaa loka-baala-ghnee]
rākṣasī rudhirāśanā
[raakshasee rudhiraashanaa]
jighāṁsayāpi haraye
[jighaamsayaapi haraye]
stanaṁ dattvāpa sad-gatim
[stanam dattvaapa sad-gatim]
kiṁ punaḥ śraddhayā bhaktyā
[kim punah shraddhayaa bhaktyaa]
kṛṣṇāya paramātmane
[krishnaaya paramaatmane]
yacchan priyatamaṁ kiṁ nu
[yachchan priyatamam kim nu]
raktās tan-mātaro yathā
[raktaas tan-maataro yathaa]
Word-for-word
pūtanā — Pūtanā, the professional Rākṣasī loka - bāla - ghnī — who used to kill human children rākṣasī — the she-demon rudhira - aśanā — simply hankering for blood jighāṁsayā — with the desire to kill Kṛṣṇa (being envious of Kṛṣṇa and having been instructed by Kaṁsa) api — still haraye — unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead stanam — her breast dattvā — after offering āpa — obtained sat - gatim — the most elevated position of spiritual existence kim — what to speak of punaḥ — again śraddhayā — with faith bhaktyā — by devotion kṛṣṇāya — unto Lord Kṛṣṇa paramātmane — who is the Supreme Person yacchan — offering priya - tamam — the dearmost kim — something nu — indeed raktāḥ — those who have an affinity tat - mātaraḥ — Kṛṣṇa’s affectionate mothers (offering the beloved child their breasts) yathā — exactly like .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
pūtanā loka-bāla-ghnī
pūtanā
Pūtanā, the professional Rākṣasī
loka - bāla - ghnī
who used to kill human children
rākṣasī rudhirāśanā
rākṣasī
the she-demon
rudhira - aśanā
simply hankering for blood
jighāṁsayāpi haraye
jighāṁsayā
with the desire to kill Kṛṣṇa (being envious of Kṛṣṇa and having been instructed by Kaṁsa)
api
still
haraye
unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead
stanaṁ dattvāpa sad-gatim
stanam
her breast
dattvā
after offering
āpa
obtained
sat - gatim
the most elevated position of spiritual existence
kiṁ punaḥ śraddhayā bhaktyā
kim
what to speak of
punaḥ
again
śraddhayā
with faith
bhaktyā
by devotion
kṛṣṇāya paramātmane
kṛṣṇāya
unto Lord Kṛṣṇa
paramātmane
who is the Supreme Person
yacchan priyatamaṁ kiṁ nu
yacchan
offering
priya - tamam
the dearmost
kim
something
nu
indeed
raktās tan-mātaro yathā
raktāḥ
those who have an affinity
tat - mātaraḥ
Kṛṣṇa’s affectionate mothers (offering the beloved child their breasts)
yathā
exactly like .
Important Words
  • sat - gatim — the most elevated position of spiritual existence
    Compound — sat (eternal, true) + gati (destination). The highest destination of the soul. The same phrase used in the Gītā for the supreme goal. Pūtanā, by offering her breast, attains it — by accident of contact. The verse uses this as the a fortiori premise for what bhakti achieves.
  • bhaktyā — by devotion
    Instrumental of bhakti. Gauḍīya core word: pure devotional service rendered to Bhagavān. Contrasted in the verse with Pūtanā's accident — bhakti is the conscious, affectionate version of what she stumbled into. Bhakti ≠ generic love; it is love directed at Bhagavān as its proper object.
  • śraddhayā — with faith
    Instrumental of śraddhā. The first ingredient of bhakti per the Bhāgavatam (ādau śraddhā). Caitanya tradition treats śraddhā as the entrance fee to the entire bhakti-latā — the verse here lists it before bhakti for that reason.
  • paramātmane — unto the Supreme Person
    Compound — parama + ātman + dative. Bhāgavata uses paramātman both for the localized Supersoul and for the Supreme Person; here, in context, He is being addressed as the ultimate recipient. Gauḍīya doctrine distinguishes paramātman (Lord in the heart) from Bhagavān (full Person in Goloka) — both are Kṛṣṇa, in different aiśvarya-registers.
  • tat - mātaraḥ — His (affectionate) mothers
    Compound — tat (His) + mātṛ (mother) plural. The gopīs who actually loved Him as mothers — Yaśodā, Rohiṇī, and the rest. The verse's comparative force: if even Pūtanā got sat-gati, what about these? Gauḍīya vātsalya-rasa is being scaled here against its dark mirror.
Pūtanā was always hankering for the blood of human children, and with that desire she came to kill Kṛṣṇa; but because she offered her breast to the Lord, she attained the greatest achievement. What then is to be said of those who had natural devotion and affection for Kṛṣṇa as mothers and who offered Him their breasts to suck or offered something very dear, as a mother offers something to a child?
Purport

Pūtanā had no affection for Kṛṣṇa; rather, she was envious and wanted to kill Him. Nonetheless, because with or without knowledge she offered her breast, she attained the highest achievement in life. But the offerings of devotees attracted to Kṛṣṇa in parental love are always sincere. A mother likes to offer something to her child with affection and love; there is no question of envy. So here we can make a comparative study. If Pūtanā could attain such an exalted position in spiritual life by neglectfully, enviously making an offering to Kṛṣṇa, what is to be said of mother Yaśodā and the other gopīs, who served Kṛṣṇa with such great affection and love, offering everything for Kṛṣṇa’s satisfaction? The gopīs automatically achieved the highest perfection. Therefore Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu recommended the affection of the gopīs, either in maternal affection or in conjugal love, as the highest perfection in life ( ramyā kācid upāsanā vrajavadhū-vargeṇa yā kalpitā ).

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Pūtanā was always hankering for the blood of human children, and with that desire she came to kill Kṛṣṇa; but because she offered her breast to the Lord, she attained the greatest achievement. What then is to be said of those who had natural devotion and affection for Kṛṣṇa as mothers and who offered Him their breasts to suck or offered something very dear, as a mother offers something to a child?
Commentary

If a person offers service with an attempt to kill and attains the goal of life, how much more will a person attain who offers with a neutral attitude. And how much more will a person attain who offers with faith? And how much more will a person attain who offers with pure bhakti? (kum uta concerning bhakti). And if a person offers to an avatara of the Lord he will attain the supreme destination. How much more will a person attain who worships the source of all avataras, Krsna? (kim uta concerning visaya) If one offers a poison breast to Krsna and attains the supreme, how much more one will attain by offering a more poisonous object? If one offers a dear object certainly one will attain a higher destination. But if one offers a dearer object, then how much more he will attain. And if one offers the dearmost object, certainly he will attain the highest destination. (kim uta concening the offering) If Putana, a raksasi, could attain the highest destination, what should a human being attain? If one is devotee, how much more he will attain. And if he is lover of the Lord (rakta), will he not attain attain the highest award? Then what to speak of the elderly gopis who had extreme affection for the Lord during the stealing of the calves by Lord Brahma ? (offering their breast milk to Krsna favorably though they were not his mother.) (kim uta concerning the asraya) Paying respects to Yasoda from a distance, having put her in the highest position, I will write no more , because it is beyond words.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

By species she was a Rākṣasī, but she was also a killer of children, and as well a drinker of blood. She offered her breast to Hari, who had the intention of taking away (harati) her faults. What to speak giving with external hatred to Paramātmā who gives general benefit by giving power of knowledge and action to almost dead internal and external senses, and of giving to Kṛṣṇa, who naturally attracts all hearts to himself by revelation of his ocean of qualities. Even a limited amount of his qualities give benefit to persons like Pūtanā. She attained Kṛṣṇa, the goal of the devotees (sad-gatim). What more will happen if one offers with faith? And what more will happen if one offers with bhakti or devotion. The word priyatamam also indicates degrees. What more will happen if one offers with affection something dear to Kṛṣṇa, if one offers with great affection what is dearer and if one offers with the highest affection what is dearest? And what to speak of the result for those whose very life is Kṛṣṇa, who are only happy with his happiness? That is the intention of saying kim punaḥ and then kim nu. Then what to speak of giving as a mother? The position of mother is established as supreme. The example of gopīs in madhura-rasa is not given because mothers show the greatest attraction to their children at the time of feeding them.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

She attained the highest goal (sad-gatim) or the goal like the devotees and those desiring liberation. She gained a goal similar to the devotees by destruction of suffering, birth and death, after liberation. She attained this because she offered her breast to Kṛṣṇa. By species she was a Rākṣasī, but she was also a killer of children, and as well a drinker of blood. She offered her breast to Hari, who had the intention of taking away (harati) her faults. What can be said of those who offer the best object with bhakti (śraddhayā) and prema (bhakyā) to he who is dearer than the self (paramātmane), to he who is the dearest to the self (kṛṣṇāha)? They attain pure bhakti like his mother. Yacchan (giving) is in the present tense to indicate that even in this body, while offering one attains this position. Or what else can be said? Just as offering the best with faith (śraddhayā) and respect (bhaktyā) one attains the highest goal. Affectionate (raktāḥ) mothers attain the same goal. Or just as attached persons attain the goal, mothers attain the goal.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)
Related verses
SB 10.6.32 SB 10.6.33 SB 10.6.34 SB 10.6.37 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 9.26 BG 9.34 BG 2.47 BG 1.1
Concepts
Paramatma
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Even Pūtanā, who came to kill, gained the highest goal by offering her breast to Kṛṣṇa — how much more those who serve Him with pure parental love.
Practical Applications
  • Offer one ordinary act today — a meal, a task, a gesture — directly to Kṛṣṇa with conscious affection, not as ritual but as a mother feeds her child.
  • Notice when your service is mechanical or grudging, and deliberately add the bhāva of vātsalya — "this is for Him, as for my own dear one."
  • Refuse the doubt that your offering is too small; if Pūtanā's poisoned breast won sad-gatim, your sincere offering today is not wasted.
Analogy

Pūtanā offering Kṛṣṇa her poisoned breast and being awarded the position of a mother in Vaikuṇṭha is the would-be assassin handing a glass of bad wine to a king who then makes her his nurse — not because the wine was good, but because the king chose to read the gesture as service. The Lord's mercy reads beneath intention, beneath form, beneath effort, and pays out far past anyone's calculation.

Stories
Bhīṣma's arrows for Kṛṣṇa

On the field of Kurukṣetra (Mahābhārata, Bhīṣma-parva), Bhīṣma fired his arrows at Kṛṣṇa intending to honor His promise to break His vow not to fight — and Kṛṣṇa, far from being insulted, leapt from the chariot with wheel in hand, eyes blazing with affection. The 'attack' was the offering of a devotee in his own complicated dāsya-rasa.

If intentional arrows from a devotee become a love-act, the Lord's mercy in 10.6.35–36 makes Pūtanā's unintentional 'offering' just as receivable. Kṛṣṇa weighs the rūpa of the service, not only the bhāva — and what then must be the destination of a real mother who feeds Him with love?

Caitanya and Jagāi-Mādhāi

When the two drunken brothers Jagāi and Mādhāi struck Nityānanda Prabhu and tried to assault Caitanya Mahāprabhu (Caitanya-bhāgavata, Madhya-khaṇḍa 13), the Lord raised His Sudarśana — and then, at Nityānanda's plea, lowered it and embraced them. They were transformed on the spot.

The Bhāgavata's logic in 10.6.35–36 is the seed of which Caitanya-līlā is the fruit: even the worst aggressor's body, when it touches Kṛṣṇa's body, gets a Vaikuṇṭha-vāsa. How much more those who approach with śraddhā?

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.37-38

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పద్‌భ్యాం భక్తహృదిస్థాభ్యాం వన్ద్యాభ్యాం లోకవన్దితై: । అఙ్గం యస్యా: సమాక్రమ్య భగవానపితత్ స్తనమ్ ॥ ౩౭ ॥ యాతుధాన్యపి సా స్వర్గమవాప జననీగతిమ్ । కృష్ణభుక్తస్తనక్షీరా: కిము గావోఽనుమాతర: ॥ ౩౮ ॥
padbhyāṁ bhakta-hṛdi-sthābhyāṁ
[padbhyaam bhakta-hridi-sthaabhyaam]
vandyābhyāṁ loka-vanditaiḥ
[vandyaabhyaam loka-vanditaih]
aṅgaṁ yasyāḥ samākramya
[angam yasyaah samaakramya]
bhagavān api tat-stanam
[bhagavaan api tat-stanam]
yātudhāny api sā svargam
[yaatudhaany api saa svargam]
avāpa jananī-gatim
[avaapa jananee-gatim]
kṛṣṇa-bhukta-stana-kṣīrāḥ
[krishna-bhukta-stana-ksheeraah]
kim u gāvo ’numātaraḥ
[kim u gaavo ’numaatarah]
Word-for-word
padbhyām — by the two lotus feet bhakta - hṛdi - sthābhyām — which are always thought of by pure devotees, in whose heart the Lord is therefore situated constantly vandyābhyām — which are always to be praised loka - vanditaiḥ — by Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva, who are praised by all the inhabitants of the three worlds aṅgam — the body yasyāḥ — of whom (Pūtanā) samākramya — embracing bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead api — also tat - stanam — that breast yātudhānī api — although she was a witch (whose only business was to kill small children and who had tried to kill Kṛṣṇa also) sā — she svargam — the transcendental abode avāpa — achieved jananī - gatim — the position of a mother kṛṣṇa - bhukta - stana - kṣīrāḥ — therefore, because their breasts were sucked by Kṛṣṇa, who drank the milk flowing from their bodies kim u — what to speak of gāvaḥ — the cows anumātaraḥ — exactly like mothers (who allowed their nipples to be sucked by Kṛṣṇa) .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
padbhyāṁ bhakta-hṛdi-sthābhyāṁ
padbhyām
by the two lotus feet
bhakta - hṛdi - sthābhyām
which are always thought of by pure devotees, in whose heart the Lord is therefore situated constantly
vandyābhyāṁ loka-vanditaiḥ
vandyābhyām
which are always to be praised
loka - vanditaiḥ
by Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva, who are praised by all the inhabitants of the three worlds
aṅgam
the body
aṅgaṁ yasyāḥ samākramya
yasyāḥ
of whom (Pūtanā)
samākramya
embracing
bhagavān api tat-stanam
bhagavān
the Supreme Personality of Godhead
api
also
tat - stanam
that breast
yātudhāny api sā svargam
yātudhānī api
although she was a witch (whose only business was to kill small children and who had tried to kill Kṛṣṇa also)
sā
she
svargam
the transcendental abode
avāpa jananī-gatim
avāpa
achieved
jananī - gatim
the position of a mother
kṛṣṇa-bhukta-stana-kṣīrāḥ
kṛṣṇa - bhukta - stana - kṣīrāḥ
therefore, because their breasts were sucked by Kṛṣṇa, who drank the milk flowing from their bodies
kim u gāvo ’numātaraḥ
kim u
what to speak of
gāvaḥ
the cows
anumātaraḥ
exactly like mothers (who allowed their nipples to be sucked by Kṛṣṇa) .
Important Words
  • padbhyām bhakta - hṛdi - sthābhyām — by His two lotus feet, situated in the hearts of devotees
    Adjacent compounds — padbhyām (by the two feet, instrumental dual) + bhakta-hṛdi-sthābhyām (situated in the devotee's heart). Bhāgavata declares: Kṛṣṇa's feet stand inside the devotee's hṛdaya as their permanent residence. Gauḍīya hṛdaya-vāsa-doctrine; Caitanya makes much of this in the Śikṣāṣṭakam.
  • jananī - gatim — the position of a mother
    Compound — jananī (mother) + gati (destination). Not merely svarga but jananī-gati — promotion to a maternal relationship with the Lord in Vaikuṇṭha. Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra: there are mothers of Kṛṣṇa in Vaikuṇṭha (Devakī, Yaśodā), and Pūtanā is enrolled — at the borders — into that company.
  • yātudhānī api — although she was a (mere) witch
    Adjacent particle phrase — yātudhānī (witch, feminine) + api (although). The api is the load-bearer of the verse: it underscores how unlikely the recipient was. Gauḍīya doctrine: no soul is structurally disqualified from Kṛṣṇa's mercy — disqualification is only ever functional, not constitutional.
  • kṛṣṇa - bhukta - stana - kṣīrāḥ — whose breast-milk was drunk by Kṛṣṇa
    Long compound — Kṛṣṇa + bhukta (drunk) + stana (breast) + kṣīra (milk). Names the cows by the act of their service. Bhāgavata identifies devotees by what they offered, not by what species they were.
  • anumātaraḥ — (cows, who are) like mothers
    Compound — anu (following, near) + mātṛ. 'Co-mothers, following-mothers.' The cows are not metaphorical mothers — Bhāgavata grants them the mātṛ-status grammatically. Foundational for the Vaiṣṇava insistence that go-mātā is to be served, not slaughtered.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, is always situated within the core of the heart of the pure devotee, and He is always offered prayers by such worshipable personalities as Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva. Because Kṛṣṇa embraced Pūtanā’s body with great pleasure and sucked her breast, although she was a great witch, she attained the position of a mother in the transcendental world and thus achieved the highest perfection. What then is to be said of the cows whose nipples Kṛṣṇa sucked with great pleasure and who offered their milk very jubilantly with affection exactly like that of a mother?
Purport

These verses explain how devotional service rendered to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whether directly or indirectly, knowingly or unknowingly, becomes successful. Pūtanā was neither a devotee nor a nondevotee; she was actually a demoniac witch instructed by Kaṁsa to kill Kṛṣṇa. Nonetheless, in the beginning she assumed the form of a very beautiful woman and approached Kṛṣṇa exactly like an affectionate mother, so that mother Yaśodā and Rohiṇī did not doubt her sincerity. The Lord took all this into consideration, and thus she was automatically promoted to a position like that of mother Yaśodā. As explained by Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura, there are various roles one may play in such a position. Pūtanā was immediately promoted to Vaikuṇṭhaloka, which is also sometimes described as Svarga. The Svarga mentioned in this verse is not the material heavenly planet, but the transcendental world. In Vaikuṇṭhaloka, Pūtanā attained the position of a nurse ( dhātry-ucitām ), as described by Uddhava. Pūtanā was elevated to the position of a nurse and maidservant in Goloka Vṛndāvana to assist mother Yaśodā.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, is always situated within the core of the heart of the pure devotee, and He is always offered prayers by such worshipable personalities as Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva. Because Kṛṣṇa embraced Pūtanā's body with great pleasure and sucked her breast, although she was a great witch, she attained the position of a mother in the transcendental world and thus achieved the highest perfection. What then is to be said of the cows whose nipples Kṛṣṇa sucked with great pleasure and who offered their milk very jubilantly with affection exactly like that of a mother?
Commentary

In two verse is expressed the greatness of Putana’s attainment through the mercy of the Lord. Putana whose body was treaded upon by the feet of Krsna which are situated in the heart of the devotees and worshiped by those worthy of worship (devatas) and from whose breast Krsna drank milk, though being a rakasi, attained the supreme abode as a mother of the Lord. Those feet are situated only in the hearts of the devotees (bhakta hrdi sthabhyam) but Putana was not a devotee,-- she was not even a non devotee. She was an enemy of Krsna. Those feet are worshiped by entities worthy of worship such as Brahma and Siva (vandabhyam loka vanditaih), but Putana did not worship those feet, nor did she not worship those feet (she did worse). Rather at the time of her death she tried to dislodge those feet from her chest, and unable to do so, with her hands she began to beat them with all her strength. He stepped on her with his feet with force, not just touching her (samakramya samyak—completely). She attained svarga. This is explained in Bhagavatam 11.7.1 " Brahma, Siva and the loka palas now pray to live in vaikuntha dhama (svarga)." And in 10.14. 35 Brahma says, "Putana attained you along with her vamsa." According to these two verses, svarga must mean vaikuntha, not the temporary heavenly sphere called svarga. What is that vaikuntha? Janani gatim--what mother Yasoda attained. It was Goloka. So Putana attained Goloka, but a position predominated by happiness and reverence. She did not attain the place predominated by service in prema. One cannot say that she attained the status of a mother. 10.6. 36 says that place is reserved for those who are anuragi (rakta). And verse 38 says that the cows and motherly gopis who fed Krsna milk during the brahma mohana lila attained a higher destination than Putana. How could Putana, whose enmity was equal to Kamsa’s though she imitated the dress and emotion of a gopi, attain the same status as Yasoda? Therefore Uddhava says that she attained a status like a nurse (gataim labhe dhatry ucitam). Thus in the present verse some interpret the word janani (mother) in the present verse to be dhatri (nurse). But even then one should not say that she was a direct nurse, but rather attained a form like a nurse in a Goloka filled with sukhaisvarya.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

“If she was so evil, how did she attain Kṛṣṇa?” If one sees his powers, it is not astonishing. Though this can be said, two verses show that something more astonishing also happened by giving the details. He stepped on Pūtanā with his feet which are situated in the hearts of devotees (but not directly contacted) and not others-- with his feet suitable to be worshipped by all people including even great devotees like Brahmā and Śiva, though even they cannot serve him directly and touch those feet. But when he drank from her breast, she attained Kṛṣṇa. How astonishing! The cause is his mercy, evoked because she imitated the mood of a mother. Sad-veṣād iva pūtanāpi sa-kulā tvām eva devāpitā: You have already arranged to give yourself to Pūtanā and her family members in exchange for her disguising herself as a devotee. (SB 10.14.35) aho bakī yaṁ stana-kāla-kūṭaṁ jighāṁsayāpāyayad apy asādhvī lebhe gatiṁ dhātry-ucitāṁ tato ’nyaṁ kaṁ vā dayāluṁ śaraṇaṁ vrajema Alas, how shall I take shelter of one more merciful than he who granted the position of mother to a she-demon [Pūtanā] although she was unfaithful and she prepared deadly poison to be sucked from her breast? SB 3.2.23 She attained Kṛṣṇa’s planet (svargam). Svarga means the place of highest happiness (not the heavenly planet) as in the following verse. Brahmā bhavo loka-pālāḥ svar-vāsaṁ me ’bhikāṅkṣiṇaḥ: Brahmā, Śiva and all other planetary rulers are now praying for me to resume my residence in Vaikuṇṭha. (SB 11.7.1) She did not attain a place in the material world: ya etat pūtanā-mokṣaṁ kṛṣṇasyārbhakam adbhutam śṛṇuyāc chraddhayā martyo govinde labhate ratim Any person who hears with faith and devotion about how Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Lord, killed Pūtanā, and who thus invests his hearing in such childhood pastimes of Kṛṣṇa, certainly attains attachment for Govinda, the supreme, original person. SB 10.6.44 She attained Kṛṣṇa for it will be said sa-kulā tvām eva devāpitā: you have already arranged to give yourself to Pūtanā and her family members. (SB 10.14.35) That place called Gokula is not part of the material world. Kṛṣṇa Upaniṣad says gokulaṁ vanavaikuṇṭham: Gokula is Vaikuṇṭha with forests. Brahma-saṁhitā says gokokulākhyaṁ mahat padam: this highest place is called Gokula. Brahma-samhitā describes that the walls are made of cintāmaṇi. The place of Kṛṣṇa called Goloka is famous: goloka eva nivasaty akhilātma bhūto govindam ādi-puruṣaṁ tam ahaṁ bhajāmi I worship the Supreme Lord Govinda who, though regarding all the inhabitants as his very self, resides only in Goloka. Brahma-saṁhitā 5.37 She attained the position of a mother (jananī-gatim). This means that she attained the position of a nurse who can care for the Lord like Yaśodā. Obtaining a position as a mother of some other form of the Lord is ruled out, for it will be said “You offered yourself to her.” (SB 10.14.35) Lebhe gatiṁ dhātry-ucitāṁ tato ’nyaṁ: she attained the position suitable for a nurse and none other. (SB 3.2.23) “But it says in the verse that she attained the position of a mother, not a nurse.” No, it is also said that Pūtanā attained the position of a nurse, since the verse indicates the greater fortune of the cows and mothers fed Kṛṣṇa milk (during the Brahmā-mohana pastime). The cows are secondary and the mothers are the primary subjects. Instead of nu mātraḥ the words can be taken as anumātaraḥ (secondary mothers). Or the meaning can be “What to speak of the cows who acted as mothers.” By this expression Yaśodā is placed above all others. This may also be concluded since Kṛṣṇa only pretended to drink Pūtanā’s milk. This is indicated by using the work kṣīra (milk) in the last line. He did not drink milk from Pūtanā’s breast whereas he drank milk from the cows and gopīs.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

It is astonishing that such a women could attain the highest goal. Again this is praised. She attained the goal like a mother because the Lord tread on her limbs and drank from her breast. She was tred by the Lord’s feet which are the object of meditation for the devotees and are suitable for praise by Brahmā and others. But they are not capable of meditating on those feet. He directly stepped on her limbs (samākramya), and was held in her lap as if she were Devakī or a mother. She attained a goal similar to those who act as mothers and have Kṛṣṇa drink their milk, just as he drank cows’ milk. Uddhyava says: aho bakī yaṁ stana-kāla-kūṭaṁ jighāṁsayāpāyayad apy asādhvī lebhe gatiṁ dhātry-ucitāṁ tato ’nyaṁ kaṁ vā dayāluṁ śaraṇaṁ vrajema Oh! Evil Pūtanā, who offered her poisonous breast to Kṛṣṇa to drink with the intention of killing him, attained the position of a nurse in the spiritual world. How else is so merciful? I surrender to him! SB 3.2.23 Did she go to Vaikuṇṭha? No. She attained Svarga. It is said: ya etat pūtanā-mokṣaṁ kṛṣṇasyārbhakam adbhutam śṛṇuyāc chraddhayā martyo govinde labhate ratim Any person who hears with faith Kṛṣṇa’s remarkable pastime of liberating Pūtanā attains attachment for Govinda. SB 10.6.44 Or she attained the goal of a mother. That is indicated because Svarga also means the planet of Viṣṇu: sad-veṣād iva pūtanāpi sa-kulā tvām eva devāpitā yad-dhāmārtha-suhṛt-priyātma-tanaya-prāṇāśayās tvat-kṛte Thinking of this, my mind becomes bewildered. You awarded yourself even to Pūtanā and her family members because she wore the disguise of a nurse. Sb 10 1.435 Attaining the Lord (tvām) means she attained the happiness of a relationship with him. She attained a goal different from that of other demons. What to speak of the cows whose milk Kṛṣṇa drank all (nu) and mothers who gave their milk to him? They attained Svarga of course. By repetition of the statement there is no doubt about her attainment. In attaining this goal at death by giving her breast, though she was full of faults and violence, the other cause is the touch of Kṛṣṇa’s lotus feet. Actually she attained the goal because the Lord was most merciful on seeing her great suffering on dying. Uddhava says: kaṁ vā dayāluṁ śaraṇaṁ vrajema Who else is so merciful? I surrender to him! SB 10 3.2.23 She attained the goal like a mother because of giving her breast and acting with affection. That is the conclusion. Or Yātudhānis attain Svarga. What then to speak of the cows attaining the position of mothers? Nu indicates conjecture. It was because they were mothers. Or were the cows secondary mothers (anumātaraḥ)? No, their breast milk was drunk by the Lord.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)
Related verses
SB 10.6.34 SB 10.6.35 SB 10.6.39 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 9.34 BG 9.26 BG 1.1 BG 10.3
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Even a witch who only mimicked motherhood toward Kṛṣṇa was promoted to Vaikuṇṭha — any service offered to Him, knowingly or not, never goes wasted.
Practical Applications
  • Offer one ordinary act of care today — feeding someone, tending a cow, serving a guest — explicitly to Kṛṣṇa, trusting He receives even imperfect offerings.
  • Notice when you dismiss your own bhakti as 'not sincere enough' and remember Pūtanā: Kṛṣṇa weighs the form of the service, not only the motive behind it.
  • Refuse to write anyone off as beyond reclamation; if even Pūtanā attained jananī-gati, pray for the hardest heart you know rather than condemning it.
Analogy

Pūtanā promoted to the position of a Vaikuṇṭha-mother by offering her breast — and cows, who offer their milk with real affection, must surely be ranked above her — is the master gardener who, finding even a poisonous nettle near his rose, transplants it to the prized bed because it leaned briefly against the rose: how much more honor for the jasmine that climbed the trellis on purpose? Kṛṣṇa's reward-economy is an order of magnitude beyond ours.

Stories
Surabhi at Lord Kṛṣṇa's coronation

After the Govardhana-līlā, the heavenly cow Surabhi descended and bathed Kṛṣṇa with her own milk, declaring Him Govinda (SB 10.27). The cows' relationship to Kṛṣṇa is not mere supply — it is mātṛ-bhāva, conscious maternal love.

Verses 37–38 invoke exactly that: kim u gāvaḥ anumātaraḥ. If the demoness's accidental nursing won Vaikuṇṭha, the cows' deliberate nursing belongs in His personal abode. Gauḍīya pastoral theology hangs go-rakṣya off this verse: cows are not livestock, they are anumātṛ — close-mothers — of Govinda.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.39-40

↗
పయాంసి యాసామపిబత్ పుత్రస్‍నేహస్‍నుతాన్యలమ్ । భగవాన్ దేవకీపుత్ర: కైవల్యాద్యఖిలప్రద: ॥ ౩౯ ॥ తాసామవిరతం కృష్ణే కుర్వతీనాం సుతేక్షణమ్ । న పున: కల్పతే రాజన్ సంసారోఽజ్ఞానసమ్భవ: ॥ ౪౦ ॥
payāṁsi yāsām apibat
[payaamsi yaasaam apibat]
putra-sneha-snutāny alam
[putra-sneha-snutaany alam]
bhagavān devakī-putraḥ
[bhagavaan devakee-putrah]
kaivalyādy-akhila-pradaḥ
[kaivalyaady-akhila-pradah]
tāsām avirataṁ kṛṣṇe
[taasaam aviratam krishne]
kurvatīnāṁ sutekṣaṇam
[kurvateenaam sutekshanam]
na punaḥ kalpate rājan
[na punah kalpate raajan]
saṁsāro ’jñāna-sambhavaḥ
[samsaaro ’jnaana-sambhavah]
Word-for-word
payāṁsi — milk (coming from the body) yāsām — of all of whom apibat — Lord Kṛṣṇa drank putra - sneha - snutāni — that milk coming from the bodies of the gopīs, not artificially but because of maternal affection alam — sufficiently bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead devakī - putraḥ — who appeared as the son of Devakī kaivalya - ādi — like liberation or merging into the Brahman effulgence akhila - pradaḥ — the bestower of all similar blessings tāsām — of all of them (of all the gopīs ) aviratam — constantly kṛṣṇe — unto Lord Kṛṣṇa kurvatīnām — making suta - īkṣaṇam — as a mother looks upon her child na — never punaḥ — again kalpate — can be imagined rājan — O King Parīkṣit saṁsāraḥ — the material bondage of birth and death ajñāna - sambhavaḥ — which is to be accepted by foolish persons ignorantly trying to become happy .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
payāṁsi yāsām apibat
payāṁsi
milk (coming from the body)
yāsām
of all of whom
apibat
Lord Kṛṣṇa drank
putra-sneha-snutāny alam
putra - sneha - snutāni
that milk coming from the bodies of the gopīs, not artificially but because of maternal affection
alam
sufficiently
bhagavān devakī-putraḥ
bhagavān
the Supreme Personality of Godhead
devakī - putraḥ
who appeared as the son of Devakī
kaivalyādy-akhila-pradaḥ
kaivalya - ādi
like liberation or merging into the Brahman effulgence
akhila - pradaḥ
the bestower of all similar blessings
tāsām avirataṁ kṛṣṇe
tāsām
of all of them (of all the gopīs )
aviratam
constantly
kṛṣṇe
unto Lord Kṛṣṇa
kurvatīnāṁ sutekṣaṇam
kurvatīnām
making
suta - īkṣaṇam
as a mother looks upon her child
na
never
na punaḥ kalpate rājan
punaḥ
again
kalpate
can be imagined
rājan
O King Parīkṣit
saṁsāro ’jñāna-sambhavaḥ
saṁsāraḥ
the material bondage of birth and death
ajñāna - sambhavaḥ
which is to be accepted by foolish persons ignorantly trying to become happy .
Important Words
  • kaivalya - ādi — (blessings) like liberation or merging into the Brahman effulgence
    Compound — kaivalya (impersonal liberation) + ādi (etc.). Bhāgavata names kaivalya specifically to mark that Kṛṣṇa can give even this — yet the verse will go on to imply that the gopīs received something higher, a relationship. Gauḍīya doctrine: kaivalya is among His lower benedictions, not the topmost; mādhurya / vātsalya prema in Goloka exceeds it.
  • akhila - pradaḥ — the bestower of all (such blessings)
    Compound — akhila (all) + prada (bestower). Bhagavān is the source of every grade of mukti, including the one impersonalists pursue — but His personal gift is not mukti, it is relationship. The verse hints by understatement.
  • saṁsāraḥ — the bondage of birth and death
    Nominative — the cycle. Bhāgavata's standard term for material entanglement. Gauḍīya doctrine: saṁsāra is not refuted by analysis but by relationship — the gopīs' bond with Kṛṣṇa simply makes return impossible.
  • ajñāna - sambhavaḥ — (material life) which is born of ignorance
    Compound — ajñāna (ignorance) + sambhava (originating from). Bhāgavata diagnoses saṁsāra as a-jñāna-rooted — ignorance of one's sambandha with Bhagavān. Knowing that sambandha, the gopīs are simply elsewhere from then on.
  • suta - īkṣaṇam — looking upon (Him) as a son
    Compound — suta (son) + īkṣaṇa (looking, viewing). The vātsalya-bhāva named technically. Bhāgavata's grammar of rasa: the īkṣaṇa is the bhāva. To look at Kṛṣṇa as son is already to be in a relationship with Him that ends saṁsāra.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, is the bestower of many benedictions, including liberation [kaivalya], or oneness with the Brahman effulgence. For that Personality of Godhead, the gopīs always felt maternal love, and Kṛṣṇa sucked their breasts with full satisfaction. Therefore, because of their relationship as mother and son, although the gopīs were engaged in various family activities, one should never think that they returned to this material world after leaving their bodies.
Purport

The advantage of Kṛṣṇa consciousness is described herein. Kṛṣṇa consciousness gradually develops on the transcendental platform. One may think of Kṛṣṇa as the supreme personality, one may think of Kṛṣṇa as the supreme master, one may think of Kṛṣṇa as the supreme friend, one may think of Kṛṣṇa as the supreme son, or one may think of Kṛṣṇa as the supreme conjugal lover. If one is connected with Kṛṣṇa in any of these transcendental relationships, the course of one’s material life is understood to have already ended. As confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā (4.9) , tyaktvā dehaṁ punar janma naiti mām eti: for such devotees, going back home, back to Godhead, is guaranteed. Na punaḥ kalpate rājan saṁsāro jñāna-sambhavaḥ. This verse also guarantees that devotees who constantly think of Kṛṣṇa in a particular relationship will never return to this material world. In this material world of saṁsāra, there are the same relationships. One thinks, “Here is my son,” “Here is my wife,” “Here is my lover,” or “Here is my friend.” But these relationships are temporary illusions. Ajñāna-sambhavaḥ: such a consciousness awakens in ignorance. But when the same relationships awaken in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, one’s spiritual life is revived, and one is guaranteed to return home, back to Godhead. Even though the gopīs who were friends of Rohiṇī and mother Yaśodā and who allowed their breasts to be sucked by Kṛṣṇa were not directly Kṛṣṇa’s mothers, they all had the same chance as Rohiṇī and Yaśodā to go back to Godhead and act as Kṛṣṇa’s mothers-in-law, servants and so on. The word saṁsāra refers to attachment for one’s body, home, husband or wife, and children, but although the gopīs and all the other inhabitants of Vṛndāvana had the same affection and attachment for husband and home, their central affection was for Kṛṣṇa in some transcendental relationship, and therefore they were guaranteed to be promoted to Goloka Vṛndāvana in the next life, to live with Kṛṣṇa eternally in spiritual happiness. The easiest way to attain spiritual elevation, to be liberated from this material world, and to go back home, back to Godhead, is recommended by Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura: kṛṣṇera saṁsāra kara chāḍi’ anācāra. One should give up all sinful activities and remain in the family of Kṛṣṇa. Then one’s liberation is guaranteed.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, is the bestower of many benedictions, including liberation [kaivalya], or oneness with the Brahman effulgence. For that Personality of Godhead, the gopīs always felt maternal love, and Kṛṣṇa sucked their breasts with full satisfaction. Therefore, because of their relationship as mother and son, although the gopīs were engaged in various family activities, one should never think that they returned to this material world after leaving their bodies.
Commentary

By saying that the elder gopis attained more than Putana in going to Vaikuntha there is a contradiction to the statement that enmity and affection lead to the same goal. That statement taken literally would lead to criticism of the Lord for lack of discrimination. If it is true that the elderly gopis attained more than Putana who attained Vaikuntha, what did they attain? That should be explained. With this in mind the present verse is spoken. Though he is the bestower of all sorts of goals such as liberation, he drank the breast milk with extremely rare awareness (alam). As bhagavatam 10. 14.31 says, "Fortunate are the cows and gopis whose sweet breast milk he drank in great bliss." With this rare awareness he thinks, "Whatever they want I will give, and as well, whatever I want, they are willing to give." Since whatever is desired is easily attained, Krsna certainly will give to the cows and gopis a suitable reward. More than Vaikuntha or even Goloka, he will grant them Vraja on this earth which is the most attractive of all. Though born as the son of Devaki, he did not drink her milk, but the milk of the gopis. Thus by mentioning Krsna as Devaki putra in this verse there is the implication that the gopis were more attractive to him. One should not think that he bestowed on them liberation from samsara, for already they had no material bondage. There is no bondage for those engaged in the Lord’s service. That is for those attached to house, husband and sons. Krsna drank from the breasts of the bodies of these gopis. He played in their houses. Krsna’s father was their husband. Krsna was their son. This attachment did not breed samsara. That is the intent of verse 40. Suteksana means they looked on him as their son. For them samsara did not occur ( na punah kalpate). Samsara is born of ignorance. By the jnani’s knowledge of Brahman, samsara ceases. However better than that is the santa bhakta’s realization of bhagavan as Brahman. Better than that however is the dasya bhakta who realizes the lord as his master. By that, the Lord becomes controlled. Superior to that is the sakhya bhakta who realizes the Lord as friend. Higher that that is the vatsalya bhakti who realizes the Lord as a son (mentioned in this verse). Here there is gradation of release from samsara according to the degree of surrender of the Lord to the devotee.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Two verses clarify the meaning of svargam mentioned in the previous verse. The Lord gives all benedictions including liberation. To persons with material desires he gives artha, dharma and kāma and not his spiritual form. To persons desiring liberation he gives kaivalya, his spiritual form as unqualified Brahman, with attainment of identity with the Lord, without realization of Bhagavān with qualities. Bhagavān gives to devotees realization of his form as Bhagavān but not his form as a son which evokes special possessiveness and special prema. He was the son of Devakī by birth only. Pitarau nānvavindetāṁ kṛṣṇodārārbhakehitam: although Kṛṣṇa was so pleased with Vasudeva and Devakī that he descended as their son, they could not enjoy Kṛṣṇa’s magnanimous childhood pastimes. (SB 10.8.47) But she did not care for Kṛṣṇa in the praiseworthy mood of Yaśodā. He drank excessively (alam) the milk of the cows and gopīs which flowed with parental affection. Thus the cows and gopīs are shown to have the deepest and most abundant affection itthaṁ satāṁ brahma-sukhānubhūtyā dāsyaṁ gatānāṁ para-daivatena māyāśritānāṁ nara-dārakeṇa sākaṁ vijahruḥ kṛta-puṇya-puṣjāḥ Neither those who are engaged in self-realization, appreciating the Brahman effulgence of the Lord, nor those engaged in devotional service while accepting the Supreme Lord as master, nor those who are under the clutches of māyā, thinking the Lord an ordinary person, can understand that certain exalted personalities, after accumulating volumes of pious activities, are now playing with the Lord in friendship as cowherd boys. SB 10.12.11 Samṣāra producing ignorance will not occur for them since they have far surpassed jṣāna. They cannot be touched by saṁsāra because the pure devotee is most rare. Such a devotee is rarer than the jṣānī: muktānām api siddhānāṁ nārāyaṇa-parāyaṇaḥ sudurlabhaḥ praśāntātmā koṭiṣv api mahā-mune O great sage, among many millions who are liberated and perfect in knowledge of liberation, one may be a devotee of Lord Nārāyaṇa, or Kṛṣṇa. Such devotees, who are fully peaceful, are extremely rare. SB 6.114.5 They have constant devotion to Kṛṣṇa as a son. This means that Kṛṣṇa is constantly with them because of their devotion. Śukadeva addresses the king. O king (rājan), existing (rājate) with correct knowledge of the Lord! Please understand correctly! One should therefore understand that svargam mentioned in the previous verse is a non-material place since it is modified by jananī-gatim—the position of a mother which is also beyond the material realm, as explained in this verse.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

There was no suffering for these mothers, but rather the greatest happiness. Two verses describe more details. The son of Yāśodā (devakī-putraḥ) drank the mothers’ breast milk. Devakī means the wife of Nanda (ka) or kī, who was godly (deva). Thus Devakī means Yāśodā, the godly wife of Nanda. Since Kṛṣṇa was her direct son, Yaśodā was superior to all cowherds and cowherd women. They had no saṁsāra, which arises by ignorance. It is not possible to show their nature, because by intense bhakti they had achieved unlimited knowledge. Punaḥ is an ornament or means tu, emphasizing their special attainment. The Lord gives to the devotees liberation or prema (kaivalya) and even more things. He drank their milk because it was from their breasts. With affection as a son he drank. And they saw him constantly as their son (sutekṣaṇam). O king (rājan)! As the best of men or by manifesting everything you can understand this truth. Or though saṁsāra is everything present (rājan), it does not exist for them. Or they were not at all qualified for liberation, but for Vaikuṇṭha. The best of the four puruṣārthas (saṁsāraḥ), liberation, was not suitable for them because it arises from knowledge (jṣāna-saṁbhavaḥ). Being the best of devotees, attaining the result from jṣāna was not suitable for them. Their great bhakti is shown. They were constantly thinking of Kṛṣṇa as their son. And the Lord does not give trifling results like liberation to these devotees. He destroys all trifling things of which the best is liberation. Or if Pūtānā attained eternal happiness by destroying saṁsāra, why do the mothers undergo saṁsāra? They have no saṁsāra, since they are eternally liberated.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Apaishunam (Non-slander)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)
Related verses
SB 10.6.37 SB 10.6.41 SB 10.6.42 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 9.26 BG 9.34 BG 18.30 BG 2.47
Concepts
Maya
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Any genuine relationship with Kṛṣṇa — as son, friend, master, or beloved — ends saṁsāra; ordinary roles awaken in ignorance, but the same roles centered on Him guarantee return to Goloka.
Practical Applications
  • Choose one daily relationship — child, parent, friend, spouse — and consciously redirect its central affection toward Kṛṣṇa, treating the human bond as a doorway, not the destination.
  • Before sleep tonight, name the people you call 'mine' and offer each one to Kṛṣṇa, refusing the ajñāna-sambhavaḥ illusion that these ties are ultimate.
  • Stay in your household duties (kṛṣṇera saṁsāra) but cut one anācāra — one sinful or sloppy habit — today, so family life itself becomes the path back to Godhead.
Analogy

The gopīs whose breasts Kṛṣṇa drank with affection are spared the gates of saṁsāra forever — like the women who once carried water for the prince's bath being given the same prince's palace to live in. Any genuine relationship with Bhagavān as son, friend, master, or beloved makes ordinary household roles into the doorway home; the same doors that otherwise open only into the next janma here open into Goloka.

Stories
Kuntī among the Pāṇḍavas

Kuntī (SB 1.8) lived a long householder life — widowed queen, mother of five exiled princes, advisor to Yudhiṣṭhira's empire. She did not retire to forest sannyāsa; she carried saṁsāra through to the end. And yet her every breath was for Kṛṣṇa, whom she received as her nephew and Lord.

Kṛṣṇa Himself confirms her destination by not departing for Dvārakā without taking her leave. The verse-pair 10.6.39–40 makes the doctrine: relationship with Kṛṣṇa in any of the bhāvas — son, nephew, friend, beloved — ends saṁsāra by transforming it, not by exiting it.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.41

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కటధూమస్య సౌరభ్యమవఘ్రాయ వ్రజౌకస: । కిమిదం కుత ఏవేతి వదన్తో వ్రజమాయయు: ॥ ౪౧ ॥
kaṭa-dhūmasya saurabhyam
[kata-dhoomasya saurabhyam]
avaghrāya vrajaukasaḥ
[avaghraaya vrajaukasah]
kim idaṁ kuta eveti
[kim idam kuta eveti]
vadanto vrajam āyayuḥ
[vadanto vrajam aayayuh]
Word-for-word
kaṭa - dhūmasya — of the smoke emanating from the fire burning the different parts of Pūtanā’s body saurabhyam — the fragrance avaghrāya — when they smelled through their nostrils vraja - okasaḥ — the inhabitants of Vrajabhūmi in distant places kim idam — what is this fragrance kutaḥ — where does it come from eva — indeed iti — in this way vadantaḥ — speaking vrajam — the place of Nanda Mahārāja, Vrajabhūmi āyayuḥ — reached .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
kaṭa-dhūmasya saurabhyam
kaṭa - dhūmasya
of the smoke emanating from the fire burning the different parts of Pūtanā’s body
saurabhyam
the fragrance
avaghrāya vrajaukasaḥ
avaghrāya
when they smelled through their nostrils
vraja - okasaḥ
the inhabitants of Vrajabhūmi in distant places
kim idaṁ kuta eveti
kim idam
what is this fragrance
kutaḥ
where does it come from
eva
indeed
iti
in this way
vadanto vrajam āyayuḥ
vadantaḥ
speaking
vrajam
the place of Nanda Mahārāja, Vrajabhūmi
āyayuḥ
reached .
Important Words
  • saurabhyam — the fragrance
    Accusative of saurabhya (fragrance). The same root as aguru-saurabha in verse 34 — Bhāgavata is building a fragrance-thread across verses. Gauḍīya note: saurabhya is one of the standard signs of divine presence (śrī-vigraha emits fragrance), and here the by-product of His act emits it.
  • vraja - okasaḥ — the inhabitants of Vrajabhūmi
    Compound — vraja + okas. The same Vrajavāsīs across verses, now in distant villages. The verse widens its geography: Vraja is not only Gokula proper but its extended pastoral countryside, all of which receives the news of Pūtanā-mokṣa through her own scent.
  • avaghrāya — having smelled (through the nostrils)
    Gerund of ava-ghrā (to smell out). Bhāgavata's choice of olfactory verb — not śravaṇa (hearing), the usual entry-point, but ghrāṇa (smell). Even the most peripheral sense, when met by Kṛṣṇa's act, becomes a vehicle of recognition.
  • vrajam — to Vrajabhūmi
    Accusative — toward Vraja proper, Nanda's village. The villagers move inward toward the source. Bhakti's geography is centripetal — every clue draws the searcher closer to the center where the Lord is.
  • kaṭa - dhūmasya — of the smoke from the pyre
    Compound — kaṭa (mat, here pyre-pile) + dhūma (smoke) + genitive. Even the noun for the smoke is precise — funerary smoke, not kitchen smoke. The verse refuses to soften the source; the fragrance comes from a real cremation.
Upon smelling the fragrance of the smoke emanating from Pūtanā’s burning body, many inhabitants of Vrajabhūmi in distant places were astonished. “Where is this fragrance coming from?” they asked. Thus they went to the spot where Pūtanā’s body was being burnt.
Purport

The aroma of the smoke emanating from a burning fire is not always very favorable. Therefore upon smelling such a wonderful fragrance, the inhabitants of Vraja were astonished.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Upon smelling the fragrance of the smoke emanating from Pūtanā's burning body, many inhabitants of Vrajabhūmi in distant places were astonished. "Where is this fragrance coming from?" they asked. Thus they went to the spot where Pūtanā's body was being burnt.
Commentary

After settling the philosophical issues, Sukadeva returns to the topic at hand. Kata means burning of the dead body. Kutah kim idam. Where does this smell come from? Is this aguru incense coming from Indrapuri down through earth and trying to enter Sutala? Or is it ascending from Bali’s abode on Sutala through the earth up to Svarga? Or is it coming from Kuvera’s city in the north or from Varuna’s city in the west? In this way the cowherd men entertained many questions.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Kaṭa means a crematorium according to Kṣīrasvāmī. Inhabitants who had gone elsewhere before these events spoke in this way.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Kaṭa means a crematorium. Vrajauksasaḥ refers to Nanda and others.

Related values & verses
Related values
Discriminative WisdomMaitri (Friendship / Goodwill)Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Vinaya (Humility / Modesty)
Related verses
SB 10.6.39 SB 10.6.42 SB 10.6.43 SB 10.6.44 BG 5.4 BG 10.4 BG 4.8 BG 3.3 BG 12.6 BG 1.21
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
When a soul aggressor is consumed in Kṛṣṇa's service, even her remains exude divine fragrance — proximity to Him purifies what would otherwise reek.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today one association or input you assume is 'toxic smoke' and ask whether contact with Kṛṣṇa's service could transmute it into something fragrant.
  • Offer one ordinary task — cooking, cleaning, a work email — explicitly to Kṛṣṇa and watch how its 'aroma' changes for those around you.
  • Refuse to judge a person solely by their outward role; investigate, like the Vrajavāsīs tracking the scent, what unseen contact with the Lord may be at work.
Analogy

Vrajavāsīs in distant villages catching the aguru-fragrance of Pūtanā's burning body and walking toward it puzzled is the neighborhood drawn by the smell of incense to a temple they did not know had been built overnight. Where Kṛṣṇa has acted, even the smoke advertises Him; bhakti is the nose that learns to follow that scent past the obvious source.

Stories
The fragrance of Caitanya's chanting

Caitanya-bhāgavata records that as Mahāprabhu walked the streets of Nadia in saṅkīrtana, the air around Him became unaccountably fragrant — passersby came out of houses asking where the scent was coming from, and were drawn into the kīrtana itself.

SB 10.6.41 is the seed of this signature: contact with the Lord's body transmutes even smoke into aguru, and that fragrance is recruiting. Vraja's distant inhabitants are being pulled in by what is, on the surface, the fumes of a corpse — but is, in truth, an invitation.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.42

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తే తత్ర వర్ణితం గోపై: పూతనాగమనాదికమ్ । శ్రుత్వా తన్నిధనం స్వస్తి శిశోశ్చాసన్ సువిస్మితా: ॥ ౪౨ ॥
te tatra varṇitaṁ gopaiḥ
[te tatra varnitam gopaih]
pūtanāgamanādikam
[pootanaagamanaadikam]
śrutvā tan-nidhanaṁ svasti
[shrutvaa tan-nidhanam svasti]
śiśoś cāsan suvismitāḥ
[shishosh chaasan suvismitaah]
Word-for-word
te — all those persons who arrived tatra — there (in the vicinity of Nanda Mahārāja’s estate) varṇitam — described gopaiḥ — by the cowherd men pūtanā - āgamana - ādikam — everything about how Pūtanā the witch had come there and played havoc śrutvā — after hearing tat - nidhanam — and about how Pūtanā had died svasti — all auspiciousness śiśoḥ — for the baby ca — and āsan — offered su - vismitāḥ — being struck with great wonder because of what had happened .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
te tatra varṇitaṁ gopaiḥ
te
all those persons who arrived
tatra
there (in the vicinity of Nanda Mahārāja’s estate)
varṇitam
described
gopaiḥ
by the cowherd men
pūtanāgamanādikam
pūtanā - āgamana - ādikam
everything about how Pūtanā the witch had come there and played havoc
śrutvā tan-nidhanaṁ svasti
śrutvā
after hearing
tat - nidhanam
and about how Pūtanā had died
svasti
all auspiciousness
śiśoś cāsan suvismitāḥ
śiśoḥ
for the baby
ca
and
āsan
offered
su - vismitāḥ
being struck with great wonder because of what had happened .
Important Words
  • śrutvā — after hearing
    Gerund of śru (to hear). The standard verb of bhakti-yoga's first limb. The Bhāgavata's whole pedagogy is structured around śravaṇa — and the verse models the right response to it: vismaya and blessings.
  • svasti — all auspiciousness / blessing
    Indeclinable — 'may there be well-being.' Vedic benediction. Vrajavāsīs offer it to baby Kṛṣṇa. Bhāgavata-tone: the Lord is the source of all svasti and is also blessed by His devotees — acintya-bhedābheda in social form.
  • pūtanā - āgamana - ādikam — (the whole account of) Pūtanā's coming etc.
    Compound — Pūtanā + āgamana (arrival) + ādi (and the rest). Bhāgavata's narrative-suffix: ādi covers the whole following sequence. The villagers receive the story whole, not in pieces.
  • tat - nidhanam — (the news of) her death
    Compound — tat (her) + nidhana (death). The narrative arc: arrival → death. Bhāgavata's līlā-grammar is concise: an asura comes, an asura dies; what changes is what the Vrajavāsīs feel between those two events.
  • su - vismitāḥ — being struck with great wonder
    Compound — su (very) + vismita (amazed) + plural. The proper devotional response to hari-kathā. Caitanya tradition treats adbhuta as a vyabhicāri-bhāva nourishing every other rasa — vismaya is bhakti's reflex, repeated four times in this chapter (vv. 14, 18, 31, 42).
When the inhabitants of Vraja who had come from distant places heard the whole story of how Pūtanā had come and then been killed by Kṛṣṇa, they were certainly astonished, and they offered their blessings to the child for His wonderful deed of killing Pūtanā. Nanda Mahārāja, of course, was very much obliged to Vasudeva, who had foreseen the incident, and simply thanked him, thinking how wonderful Vasudeva was.
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
When the inhabitants of Vraja who had come from distant places heard the whole story of how Pūtanā had come and then been killed by Kṛṣṇa, they were certainly astonished, and they offered their blessings to the child for His wonderful deed of killing Pūtanā. Nanda Mahārāja, of course, was very much obliged to Vasudeva, who had foreseen the incident, and simply thanked him, thinking how wonderful Vasudeva was.
Commentary

The returning cowherd men were very astonished. "Vasudeva has spoken correctly." In discussing amongst themselves they said, "Who else but Narayana could protect the baby?"

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

When Nanda and others returning heard in Vraja the details told by the protectors of Gokula about Pūtanā’s coming, her death, as well as giving her breast and her cries of pain, and as well the blessings given to the child, they were amazed. This increased their parental affection.

Related values & verses
Related values
Abhaya (Fearlessness)Bhakti (Devotion)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)
Related verses
SB 10.6.39 SB 10.6.41 SB 10.6.43 SB 10.6.44 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Hearing how the infant Kṛṣṇa slew Pūtanā, Vraja blesses Him and Nanda marvels at Vasudeva — the devotee sees Kṛṣṇa's protection in every averted danger.
Practical Applications
  • Recall one 'near-miss' from your past today and explicitly thank Kṛṣṇa for the protection you did not see at the time.
  • When someone shares good news of a danger averted, respond like the Vrajavāsīs — offer blessings and glorify Kṛṣṇa instead of crediting luck.
  • Speak to an elder devotee this week the way Nanda thanked Vasudeva — acknowledge concretely how their foresight has shielded your bhakti.
Analogy

The Vrajavāsīs hearing the full story and blessing the baby Kṛṣṇa, while Nanda silently thanks Vasudeva, is the village squaring its accounts at evening — one set of blessings up to the Lord who saved them, one quiet hand-clasp across to the friend who warned them. Real bhakti-saṁskṛti always books both entries.

Stories
The Naimiṣāraṇya sages thanking Sūta

After hearing the Bhāgavatam from Sūta Gosvāmī at Naimiṣāraṇya (SB 1.1, 12.13), the assembled ṛṣis blessed the speaker, glorified Kṛṣṇa, and recognized Vyāsa's labor with quiet gratitude. The pattern is the same as in 10.6.42 — bless the child (the līlā), thank the messenger (the foretelling).

Gauḍīya saṁskṛti models itself on Naimiṣāraṇya's manners: receive Hari-kathā, glorify the Lord, then thank the human chain that brought it to you.

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Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.43

↗
నన్ద: స్వపుత్రమాదాయ ప్రేత్యాగతముదారధీ: । మూర్ధ్న్యుపాఘ్రాయ పరమాం ముదం లేభే కురూద్వహ ॥ ౪౩ ॥
nandaḥ sva-putram ādāya
[nandah sva-putram aadaaya]
pretyāgatam udāra-dhīḥ
[pretyaagatam udaara-dheeh]
mūrdhny upāghrāya paramāṁ
[moordhny upaaghraaya paramaam]
mudaṁ lebhe kurūdvaha
[mudam lebhe kuroodvaha]
Word-for-word
nandaḥ — Mahārāja Nanda sva - putram ādāya — taking his son Kṛṣṇa on his lap pretya - āgatam — as if Kṛṣṇa had returned from death (no one could even imagine that from such danger a child could be saved) udāra - dhīḥ — because he was always liberal and simple mūrdhni — on the head of Kṛṣṇa upāghrāya — formally smelling paramām — highest mudam — peace lebhe — achieved kuru - udvaha — O Mahārāja Parīkṣit .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
nandaḥ sva-putram ādāya
nandaḥ
Mahārāja Nanda
sva - putram ādāya
taking his son Kṛṣṇa on his lap
pretyāgatam udāra-dhīḥ
pretya - āgatam
as if Kṛṣṇa had returned from death (no one could even imagine that from such danger a child could be saved)
udāra - dhīḥ
because he was always liberal and simple
mūrdhny upāghrāya paramāṁ
mūrdhni
on the head of Kṛṣṇa
upāghrāya
formally smelling
paramām
highest
mudaṁ lebhe kurūdvaha
mudam
peace
lebhe
achieved
kuru - udvaha
O Mahārāja Parīkṣit .
Important Words
  • udāra - dhīḥ — liberal, simple-hearted in intelligence
    Compound — udāra (liberal, generous) + dhī (intelligence). Bhāgavata's affectionate label for Nanda. Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra: the vātsalya-bhakta's intelligence runs liberal and simple because his love does not require explanation. Speculation is a defect of the smaller heart, not the larger.
  • pretya - āgatam — (as if) returned from death
    Compound — pretya (having died) + āgata (returned). Nanda's emotional experience: not 'I almost lost Him' but 'He came back from where He had gone.' The Bhāgavata respects the bhāva precisely as Yoga-māyā has arranged it.
  • mūrdhni upāghrāya — having formally smelled (His) head
    Adjacent phrase — mūrdhni (on the head, locative) + upāghrāya (having smelled, gerund). The Vedic gesture of paternal love: the father smells the child's crown. Bhāgavata immortalizes Nanda doing this to Bhagavān — the Lord receives this affection as His most cherished form of recognition.
  • paramām mudam — the highest joy / peace
    Adjacent phrase — paramām (highest, accusative feminine) + mudam (joy, accusative). Mudā in Bhāgavata vocabulary is a vātsalya-coloured ānanda, distinct from the cooler sukha. Vraja-vātsalya's signature emotion.
  • kuru - udvaha — O best of the Kurus (Parīkṣit)
    Compound vocative — kuru + udvaha (one who carries the lineage). Śuka addresses Parīkṣit, who himself was saved in the womb by the same Kṛṣṇa. Bhāgavata-frame: the listener is being reminded that the līlā he is hearing is his own salvation in another setting.
O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, best of the Kurus, Nanda Mahārāja was very liberal and simple. He immediately took his son Kṛṣṇa on his lap as if Kṛṣṇa had returned from death, and by formally smelling his son’s head, Nanda Mahārāja undoubtedly enjoyed transcendental bliss.
Purport

Nanda Mahārāja could not understand how the inhabitants of his house had allowed Pūtanā to enter the house, nor could he imagine the gravity of the situation. He did not understand that Kṛṣṇa had wanted to kill Pūtanā and that His pastimes were performed by Yoga-māyā. Nanda Mahārāja simply thought that someone had entered his house and created havoc. This was Nanda Mahārāja’s simplicity.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, best of the Kurus, Nanda Mahārāja was very liberal and simple. He immediately took his son Kṛṣṇa on his lap as if Kṛṣṇa had returned from death, and by formally smelling his son's head, Nanda Mahārāja undoubtedly enjoyed transcendental bliss.
Commentary

Returning from his visit (prosyagatah), Nanda began to lament, "In my absence so much misfortune as occurred. Why did I go to Mathura?" Udara dhi indicates that he began to criticize everyone’s intelligence: "How could the dull doorkeepers not prevent anyone from entering the house?"

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Among the Nanda is described. When his agitation ceased, he became filled with joy which is indicated by his name. Because of that joy, his mind became filled with an ocean of good qualities including compassion. Thus he took his son on his lap. Coming from a distant place (proṣyāgataḥ is an alternative version pretyāgatam—the son who had returned from death), he smelled his head. He lamented “Ah! Because I went far away, such calamities have occurred.” O best of the Kurus! This indicates what was explained previously in SB 10.5.19. Just as Yudhiṣṭhira protected you, Nanda desired to protect his son. From this time Kṛṣṇa got the name Adhokṣaja. Hari-vaṁśa says: adho ‘nena śayānena śakaṭāntara cāriṇā rākṣasī nihatā raudrā śakuṇī-veśa-dhāriṇī pūtanā nāma ghorā sā mahākāyā mahābalā visa-dagdhaṁ stanaṁ kṣudrā prayacchantī janaṛdane dadṛśur nihatāṁ tatra rākṣasīṁ vana-gocarāḥ punar jāto ‘yam ityāhur uktas tasmaḍ adhokṣajaḥ An angry Rākṣasī, entering the cart, was killed as Kṛṣṇa slept beneath the cart’s axel. Fierce Pūtanā with great strength and huge body, dressing herself auspiciously, gave her poisonous breast to Kṛṣṇa. Seeing that she was killed, the cowherds said “He has been born again.” Therefore he was called Adhokṣaja (beneath the axe -adhokṣa and born again--ja).

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

With such astonishment, Nanda was very blissful. He attained the highest bliss, because he put his son on his lap. In spite of Vasudeva’s statements, Nanda never doubted that Kṛṣṇa was his son (sva-putram). He did not think that Kṛṣṇa had great power on seeing Pūtanā fall. Rather his affection increased. Moreover he was very magnanimous (ūdāra-dhiḥ). Though astonished, he was not disturbed. Rather his heart developed more affection for Kṛṣṇa. That is the nature of affection. These causes of bliss are in order of increasing excellence. O best of Kurus! Yudhiṣṭhira attained similar bliss by seeing you, a great devotee, the seed of the Kuru dynasty. Or Śukadeva calls out in bliss on seeing the good fortune of Nanda.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Shaucha (Cleanliness / Purity)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Bhakti (Devotion)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)
Related verses
SB 10.6.41 SB 10.6.42 SB 10.6.44 BG 4.8 BG 1.1 BG 10.3 BG 9.11 BG 7.8 BG 6.35
Concepts
Maya
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Nanda's simple, loving heart receives Kṛṣṇa back as if from death — the affection of a pure devotee untouched by speculation about Yoga-māyā's pastimes.
Practical Applications
  • When a loved one returns safely from danger today, pause and offer that wave of relief to Kṛṣṇa rather than crediting luck or your own vigilance.
  • Notice where you complicate simple devotion with speculation, and choose Nanda's udāra-dhīḥ — liberal, simple-hearted trust — in one concrete exchange today.
  • Greet someone you love with a small, formal gesture of affection (a touch on the head, a folded-hand praṇāma) and silently see Kṛṣṇa in them.
Analogy

Nanda taking baby Kṛṣṇa onto his lap, smelling His head, and being flooded with peace — as if Kṛṣṇa had returned from death — is the father at the airport who has stopped trying to understand the explanation and is just smelling his son's hair. The pure vātsalya of an udāra-dhī devotee does not speculate about Yoga-māyā's logistics; it loves what it has just been given back.

Stories
Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Yudhiṣṭhira after Mahābhārata

After the war (Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva), when Yudhiṣṭhira knelt before blind Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the old king embraced his nephew — even though Yudhiṣṭhira's victory had cost him all his sons. Embodied affection won out over conflict in the moment of meeting.

Nanda's gesture in 10.6.43 is the bhakta-householder's version: the rakṣā-mantras are done, the demon is burned, the strategic conversation with Vasudeva is over — and Nanda simply smells his son's head. Pure vātsalya, no theological commentary.

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Source: vedabase.io

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.6.44

↗
య ఏతత్ పూతనామోక్షం కృష్ణస్యార్భకమద్భ‍ుతమ్ । శ‍ృణుయాచ్ఛ్రద్ధయా మర్త్యో గోవిన్దే లభతే రతిమ్ ॥ ౪౪ ॥
ya etat pūtanā-mokṣaṁ
[ya etat pootanaa-moksham]
kṛṣṇasyārbhakam adbhutam
[krishnasyaarbhakam adbhutam]
śṛṇuyāc chraddhayā martyo
[shrinuyaach chraddhayaa martyo]
govinde labhate ratim
[govinde labhate ratim]
Word-for-word
yaḥ — anyone who etat — this pūtanā - mokṣam — salvation of Pūtanā kṛṣṇasya — of Kṛṣṇa ārbhakam — the childhood pastimes adbhutam — wonderful śṛṇuyāt — should hear śraddhayā — with faith and devotion martyaḥ — any person within this material world govinde — for the Supreme Person, Govinda, Ādi-puruṣa labhate — gains ratim — attachment .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
ya etat pūtanā-mokṣaṁ
yaḥ
anyone who
etat
this
pūtanā - mokṣam
salvation of Pūtanā
kṛṣṇasyārbhakam adbhutam
kṛṣṇasya
of Kṛṣṇa
ārbhakam
the childhood pastimes
adbhutam
wonderful
śṛṇuyāc chraddhayā martyo
śṛṇuyāt
should hear
śraddhayā
with faith and devotion
martyaḥ
any person within this material world
govinde labhate ratim
govinde
for the Supreme Person, Govinda, Ādi-puruṣa
labhate
gains
ratim
attachment .
Important Words
  • śraddhayā — with faith and devotion
    Instrumental of śraddhā. Bhāgavata's only stated prerequisite. Gauḍīya doctrine: śraddhā is the seed of the bhakti-latā — given śraddhā plus sādhu-saṅga plus hearing, the creeper grows of its own accord up to Goloka.
  • pūtanā - mokṣam — the salvation of Pūtanā
    Compound — Pūtanā + mokṣa (liberation). Bhāgavata's title for the episode: not 'Pūtanā-vadha' (Pūtanā's killing) but Pūtanā-mokṣa (Pūtanā's liberation). The whole canto's reading of the event is encoded in this one noun-choice.
  • ārbhakam — the childhood pastimes
    Adjective from arbhaka (small child). Bhāgavata's signature: Kṛṣṇa's bālya-līlās are a category. Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra: bālya-līlā evokes vātsalya in the hearer, which deepens into prema across the canto's ten cantos.
  • govinde — for Govinda, the supreme original Person
    Locative of Govinda — a name resonant of Vraja and the cows. Bhāgavata is precise: the rati produced is not for an abstract God but for Govinda specifically — the Vraja-Kṛṣṇa. Brahma-saṁhitā's govindam ādi-puruṣam is the same Person.
  • ratim — attachment (to Govinda)
    Accusative of rati. In Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra, rati is the technical stage where the heart's natural affection has stabilized toward Kṛṣṇa as its only object; it is bhāva-bhakti just before prema. The verse promises this specific fruit — not insight, not detachment, but stabilized attachment to Govinda.
Any person who hears with faith and devotion about how Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, killed Pūtanā, and who thus invests his hearing in such childhood pastimes of Kṛṣṇa, certainly attains attachment for Govinda, the supreme, original person.
Purport

The incident in which the great witch attempted to kill the child but was killed herself is certainly wonderful. Therefore this verse uses the word adbhutam, meaning “specifically wonderful.” Kṛṣṇa has left us many wonderful narrations about Him. Simply by reading these narrations, as they are described in Kṛṣṇa, The Supreme Personality of Godhead, one gains salvation from this material world and gradually develops attachment to and devotion for Govinda, Ādi-puruṣa. Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports of the Tenth Canto, Sixth Chapter, of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled “The Killing of the Demon Pūtanā.”

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Any person who hears with faith and devotion about how Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, killed Pūtanā, and who thus invests his hearing in such childhood pastimes of Kṛṣṇa, certainly attains attachment for Govinda, the supreme, original person.
Commentary

He who hears with faith the childhood pastimes of Krsna (krsnasya arbakam) and the liberation of Putana, and takes them as most astonishing, attains attraction for Govinda. An alternate reading for srnuyat (hears) is nisamya (hearing). Taking that reading let us take the meaning: He who, hearing the childhood pastimes of Krsna and the liberation of Putana with faith, attains attraction to Govinda, then attains attraction for everything related to Govinda.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

By hearing the astonishing story of how Kṛṣṇa gave himself to Pūtanā merely because she had some relationship with him, all people will develop rati for the Lord. Any person subject to death, who hears the astonishing childhood activities of Kṛṣṇa, will develop attraction to Govinda, the lord of Gokula. Without investigating the meaning further, this statement glorifies the power of objects related to the Lord. On investigating however, one can understand there is a quick attainment of results, from considering the special mercy. What is that? By the liberation of Pūtanā she went beyond saṁsāra and material enjoyment. It is astonishing because, without giving up his infant condition Kṛṣṇa killed and delivered Pūtanā. Another version has niśamya instead of śṛnuyāt: hearing this story attentively, a person develops rati along with faith. Śrīdhara Svāmī does not accept this however since he gives the meaning “Anyone who hears this story with faith develops rati for Govinda.” avidyāyāḥ kṣayād eva labhyo ‘ham iti tanmayīm prāg ahan pūtanāṁ kṛsno rāghavas tāḍakām iva The Lord, with the thought, “A person can attain me when their ignorance is destroyed,” first killed Pūtanā, who was absorbed in him, just as Rāma previously killed Tāḍakā. ārambhād eva līlāyā bakī dhātṛpatipradaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ sva-guṇa-mādhurye tṛṣṇayām asa vaiṣnavān At the beginning of the pastimes, Kṛṣṇa accepted Pūtanā as a nurse. In this way, Kṛṣṇa made the devotees thirsty for his quality of sweetness. (By hearing this story they develop faith and then rati.)

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

What can be said about Pūtanā attaining liberation, by the power of Kṛṣṇa, by his drinking her milk? By hearing the story, all people attain prema for Kṛṣṇa. Any human who hears this story develops prema for Kṛṣṇa. This discards any qualification. Any human can hear with faith. Since he gave the goal to wicked Pūtanā, he naturally gives to the person with a wealth of bhakti, considering the greatness of his mercy. Another version has niśamya instead of śṛnuyāt: hearing this story, a human endowed with faith develops prema. Or he who is endowed with faith, he attains rati. Or the person who is endowed with faith attains a position beyond death (amārtyaḥ). He escapes saṁsāra. Śrīdhara Svāmī does not accept this version since he does not explain it. avidyāyāḥ kṣayād eva labhyo ‘ham iti tanmayīm prāg ahan pūtanāṁ kṛsno rāghavas tāḍakām iva The Lord, with the thought, “A person can attain me when their ignorance is destroyed,” first killed Pūtanā, who was absorbed in him, just as Rāma previously killed Tāḍakā. Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports of the Tenth Canto, Sixth Chapter, of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled "The Killing of the Demon Pūtanā." 10.7: The Killing of the Demon Tṛṇāvarta verses: Summary, 1-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13-15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35-36, 37 Chapter Summary In this chapter, Śrī Kṛṣṇa's pastimes of breaking the cart (śakaṭa-bhaṣjana), killing the asura known as Tṛṇāvarta, and demonstrating the entire universe within His mouth are especially described. When Śukadeva Gosvāmī saw that Mahārāja Parīkṣit was eagerly waiting to hear about Lord Kṛṣṇa's pastimes as a child, he was very much pleased, and he continued to speak. When Śrī Kṛṣṇa was only three months old and was just trying to turn backside up, before He even attempted to crawl, mother Yaśodā wanted to observe a ritualistic ceremony with her friends for the good fortune of the child. Such a ritualistic ceremony is generally performed with ladies who also have small children. When mother Yaśodā saw that Kṛṣṇa was falling asleep, because of other engagements she put the child underneath a household cart, called śakaṭa, and while the child was sleeping, she engaged herself in other business pertaining to the auspicious ritualistic ceremony. Underneath the cart was a cradle, and mother Yaśodā placed the child in that cradle. The child was sleeping, but suddenly He awakened and, as usual for a child, began to kick His small legs. This kicking shook the cart, which collapsed with a great sound, breaking completely and spilling all its contents. Children who were playing nearby immediately informed mother Yaśodā that the cart had broken, and therefore she hastily arrived there in great anxiety with the other gopīs. Mother Yaśodā immediately took the child on her lap and allowed Him to suck her breast. Then various types of Vedic ritualistic ceremonies were performed with the help of the brāhmaṇas. Not knowing the real identity of the child, the brāhmaṇas showered the child with blessings. Another day, when mother Yaśodā was sitting with her child on her lap, she suddenly observed that he had assumed the weight of the entire universe. She was so astonished that she had to put the child down, and in the meantime Tṛṇāvarta, one of the servants of Kaṁsa, appeared there as a whirlwind and took the child away. The whole tract of land known as Gokula became surcharged with dust, no one could see where the child had been taken, and all the gopīs were overwhelmed because He had been taken away in the dust storm. But up in the sky, the asura, being overburdened by the child, could not carry the child far away, although he also could not drop the child because the child had caught him so tightly that it was difficult for him to separate the child from his body. Thus Tṛṇāvarta himself fell down from a very great height, the child grasping him tightly by the shoulder, and immediately died. The demon having fallen, the gopīs picked the child up and delivered Him to the lap of mother Yaśodā. Thus mother Yaśodā was struck with wonder, but because of yogamāyā's influence, no one could understand who Kṛṣṇa was and what had actually happened. Rather, everyone began to praise fortune for the child's having been saved from such a calamity. Nanda Mahārāja, of course, was thinking of the wonderful foretelling of Vasudeva and began to praise him as a great yogī. Later, when the child was on the lap of mother Yaśodā, the child yawned, and mother Yaśodā could see within His mouth the entire universal manifestation.

Related values & verses
Related values
Shraddha (Faith / Reverence)Abhaya (Fearlessness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)
Related verses
SB 10.6.41 SB 10.6.42 SB 10.6.43 BG 4.8 BG 14.8 BG 9.34 BG 9.26 BG 2.47 BG 1.1
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Hearing Kṛṣṇa's wonderful childhood pastimes — like the slaying of Pūtanā — with faith awakens real attachment (rati) for Govinda Himself.
Practical Applications
  • Today, read or hear the Pūtanā-mokṣa narration from Kṛṣṇa Book with śraddhā — not as folklore, but as the direct medicine for material entanglement.
  • Replace one segment of your usual scrolling or background noise with audio of Kṛṣṇa's bālya-līlā, and notice what shifts in your mood by evening.
  • Refuse the impersonalist habit of treating these pastimes as 'symbolic' — receive them as the literal activities of Govinda, the ādi-puruṣa, and let that faith deepen your hearing.
Analogy

Hearing the Pūtanā-mokṣa with śraddhā is like planting a single mango stone in the corner of a garden — small, brown, easily forgotten. But years later the same tree shades the whole household and bears Govinda's own fragrance. The verse promises this fruit: not insight, not knowledge, but rati for the ādi-puruṣa Himself.

Stories
Parīkṣit hearing the Bhāgavatam at his death

Cursed to die in seven days, Parīkṣit Mahārāja sat at the Ganges and heard the entire Bhāgavatam from Śukadeva (SB 1.19 onward). At the end, asked by Śuka whether he was afraid of death, he was no longer afraid — rati for Kṛṣṇa had replaced fear of takṣaka.

Verse 10.6.44 is Śuka's promise applied to Parīkṣit's case in miniature: hear with śraddhā, gain rati. The whole frame-story of the Bhāgavatam testifies that the promise is kept.

The six Gosvāmīs hearing Caitanya in Prayāga and Kāśī

When Rūpa Gosvāmī met Caitanya Mahāprabhu in Prayāga (Caitanya-caritāmṛta Madhya 19), and when Sanātana met Him in Vārāṇasī (Madhya 20–24), they sat and heard for days about Kṛṣṇa's līlās — bālya, paugaṇḍa, kaiśora, līlā after līlā. Out of that śravaṇa came the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu, the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa, the recovery of Vraja's tīrthas.

A whole sampradāya was the rati that this verse promised — born when devotees with śraddhā opened their ears to Kṛṣṇa's pastimes.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io