FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.90.21

ప్రియరావపదాని భాషసే మృత- సఞ్జీవికయానయా గిరా । కరవాణి కిమద్య తే ప్రియం వద మే వల్గితకణ్ఠ కోకిల ॥ ౨౧ ॥
priya-rāva-padāni bhāṣase
[priya-raava-padaani bhaashase]
mṛta-sañjīvikayānayā girā
[mrita-sanjeevikayaanayaa giraa]
karavāṇi kim adya te priyaṁ
[karavaani kim adya te priyam]
vada me valgita-kaṇṭha kokila
[vada me valgita-kantha kokila]
priya — dear rāva — of him whose sounds padāni — the vibrations bhāṣase — you are uttering mṛta — the dead sañjīvikayā — which brings back to life anayā — in this girā — voice karavāṇi — I should do kim — what adya — today te — for you priyam — pleasing vada — please tell me — me valgita — sweetened (by these sounds) kaṇṭha — O you whose throat kokila — O cuckoo .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
priya-rāva-padāni bhāṣase
priya
dear
rāva
of him whose sounds
padāni
the vibrations
bhāṣase
you are uttering
mṛta-sañjīvikayānayā girā
mṛta
the dead
sañjīvikayā
which brings back to life
anayā
in this
girā
voice
karavāṇi kim adya te priyaṁ
karavāṇi
I should do
kim
what
adya
today
te
for you
priyam
pleasing
vada me valgita-kaṇṭha kokila
vada
please tell
me
me
valgita
sweetened (by these sounds)
kaṇṭha
O you whose throat
kokila
O cuckoo .
  • kokila — cuckoo
    Sanskrit lyric tradition's signature bird; the cuckoo's call is the standard sound of approaching spring and the awakening of love. Kṛṣṇa's voice is sometimes called kokila-kaṇṭha — sweet-throated like the cuckoo's.
  • mṛta-sañjīvikayā — with that which revives the dead
    mṛta (dead) + sañjīvikā (life-restoring). The cuckoo's voice is mṛta-sañjīvanī — Kṛṣṇa's name and voice revive even those dead to bhakti. Gauḍīyas point to SB 10.14.55: Kṛṣṇa is named the very life of the moribund.
  • priya-rāva — the sound of the beloved
    priya (beloved) + rāva (cry, sound). The cuckoo accidentally produces priya-rāva — the syllables of the Beloved. Caitanya-caritāmṛta: even mistaken or distant utterance of nāma awakens its power.
  • girā — by voice
    Instrumental of gīr — speech, voice. The queen's body has been revived by a sound. The Bhāgavatam's whole foundation: śrutānubhāva — the lived effect of hearing — is real, somatic, irreversible.
  • karavāṇi — let me do
    First person singular optative/imperative of √kṛ. The queen's instant response to bhakti-rasa: not 'what shall I think' but 'what shall I do.' Sevā-vṛtti — the impulse to serve — is mature bhakti's reflex.
O sweet-throated cuckoo, in a voice that could revive the dead you are vibrating the same sounds we once heard from our beloved, the most pleasing of speakers. Please tell me what I can do today to please you.

As Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī explains, though the song of a cuckoo is very pleasant, Lord Kṛṣṇa’s wives perceive it as painful because it reminds them of their beloved Kṛṣṇa and exacerbates their pain of separation.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
O sweet-throated cuckoo, in a voice that could revive the dead you are vibrating the same sounds we once heard from our beloved, the most pleasing of speakers. Please tell me what I can do today to please you.
Commentary

"O cuckoo with most pleasing sound! With your voice, you are speaking about freedom from the suffering of separation (padani)." Pada can mean resolution, deliverance, foot, mark, article, place according Amara Kosa. Because in this separation, the sound of the cuckoo gives sorrow. The use of words like priya rava (pleasant sound) therefore have sarcastic intention. "O sweet throated one (valgita kantha)! What may I do for you, who are burning my with your sounds? I will light your beak on fire!"

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

With the end of night, they now praise and criticize the cuckoo when it begins warbling. The praise is as follows. O cuckoo famous for singing the fifth note, with sweet voice trained by your lover! You speak words with songs employing the fifth note, like the sounds of your lover. Or you speak words as a messenger containing words given by your lover. Please tell me how I can please you, since your words bring a dead person to life, by revealing that he is near? The singular is used in this verse (me) instead of the plural to indicate the cuckoo’s ability to speak to each one of them. The criticism is as follows. O cuckoo! You speak words taught by your lover since the words bring a dead person to life. But I think that dying is better than living because I cannot tolerate separation. You, like him, have produced sorrow by words which bring a person to life. What shall I do with your disgusting beak because of your offense? Please tell me. Think of your own punishment. Otherwise your offense cannot be extinguished.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They describe the warbling of the cuckoo at the end of night. Because of your words which resemble those of a person trying to bring to life a dead person, because of separation, what can I do to please you? I can do nothing. O cuckoo warbling the fifth note (valgita-kaṇṭha-kokila)! This indicates Kṛṣna’s sweet voice and skill at words. What can I do to please you? All the queens are indicated by this, or one queen whose heart has been stolen byhis sweet words speaks the verse. Or each queens makes a similar statement. Or have I done something to displease you since you speak to me, with words like the Lord’s (anayā) which kill a living person. But this is your nature, O cuckoo with a warbling voice! This statement arises from intense prema. Or with such words, can I do anything to displease you? I will do nothing to displease you, since this helps me die, which I desire anyway. Therefore speak to me.

Related values
Vairagya (Detachment / Dispassion)Discriminative WisdomAbhaya (Fearlessness)Seva (Service / Selfless Action)Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to God)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Daksya (Resourcefulness / Skill)
Related verses

A cuckoo's call sounds exactly like Kṛṣṇa's voice — the queen, hearing the dead voice resurrected in a bird's throat, asks what she can do to please the cuckoo. The Beloved's syllables fall from any throat, and the lover serves whatever carries them.

📝 My note

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