• gandharvaiḥ — by Gandharvas
  Celestial musicians. They sing Bhagavān's praises — Vraja's līlā recruits the upper realms as backup chorus. Gauḍīyas read the gandharva-song as kīrtana descending from above.
• vanitā — by young women
  From √van (to love, desire) — 'one who is loved.' A rasa-word: it names the gopīs by their beloved-status rather than by demographic. Gauḍīya vocabulary.
• maṇḍale — in the circle
  Locative of maṇḍala (circle). Same word as the rāsa-maṇḍala of chapter 33. The Bhāgavatam is staging Balarāma's līlā in the geometric form of Kṛṣṇa's rāsa — circle of women around the Lord.
• kareṇu — of she-elephants
  Female elephant. The image: Bhagavān as elephant-king among kareṇus. Gauḍīya poets use the gaja-imagery to convey controlled majesty — power that moves slowly because it is unhurried.
• māhā - indraḥ — of Lord Indra
  Compound: mahā (great) + indra. Indra, king of demigods. The comparison is aiśvarya-loaded — but Vraja-context absorbs aiśvarya into mādhurya, so the simile only decorates Balarāma's softness.

An emperor-elephant moves slowly through his herd, every motion magnificent. So Balarāma moves through the circle of gopīs — magnificent not by ornament but by the way the women around Him arrange themselves into a frame for His beauty.