FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 3.12.41

విద్యా దానం తప: సత్యం ధర్మస్యేతి పదాని చ । ఆశ్రమాంశ్చ యథాసంఖ్యమసృజత్సహ వృత్తిభి: ॥ ౪౧ ॥
vidyā dānaṁ tapaḥ satyaṁ
[vidyaa daanam tapah satyam]
dharmasyeti padāni ca
[dharmasyeti padaani cha]
āśramāṁś ca yathā-saṅkhyam
[aashramaamsh cha yathaa-sankhyam]
asṛjat saha vṛttibhiḥ
[asrijat saha vrittibhih]
vidyā — education dānam — charity tapaḥ — penance satyam — truth dharmasya — of religion iti — thus padāni — four legs ca — also āśramān — orders of life ca — also yathā — as they are saṅkhyam — in number asṛjat — created saha — along with vṛttibhiḥ — by vocations.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
vidyā dānaṁ tapaḥ satyaṁ
vidyā
education
dānam
charity
tapaḥ
penance
satyam
truth
dharmasyeti padāni ca
dharmasya
of religion
iti
thus
padāni
four legs
ca
also
āśramāṁś ca yathā-saṅkhyam
āśramān
orders of life
ca
also
yathā
as they are
saṅkhyam
in number
asṛjat saha vṛttibhiḥ
asṛjat
created
saha
along with
vṛttibhiḥ
by vocations.
Education, charity, penance and truth are said to be the four legs of religion, and to learn this there are four orders of life with different classifications of castes according to vocation. Brahmā created all these in systematic order.

The nucleus of the four social orders — brahmacarya, or student life, gṛhastha, or householder family life, vānaprastha, or retired life for practicing penance, and sannyāsa, or renounced life for preaching the truth — is the four legs of religion. The vocational divisions are the brāhmaṇas, or the intelligent class, the kṣatriyas, or administrative class, the vaiśyas, or mercantile productive class, and the śūdras, or general laborer class who have no specific qualifications. All were systematically planned and created by Brahmā for the regular promotion of self-realization. Student life is meant for acquiring the best education; household family life is meant for gratifying the senses, provided it is performed with a charitable disposition of mind; retirement from household life is meant for penance, for advancement in spiritual life; and renounced life is meant for preaching the Absolute Truth to the people in general. The combined actions of all members of society make the whole situation favorable for the upliftment of the mission of human life. The beginning of this social institution is based on education meant for purifying the animal propensities of the human being. The highest purificatory process is knowledge of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the purest of the pure.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Knowledge (purity), charity (mercy), penance and truth are said to be the four legs of religion, and to learn this, there are four orders of life with different classifications of castes according to vocation. Brahmā created all these in systematic order. Regarding purity, the Yajṣavalkya-smṛti says kṣetrajṣasyeśvara-jṣānād viśuddhiḥ paramā matā: from knowledge of the Supreme Lord arises the highest purity for the jīva. Thus knowledge can be equated with purity. Charity can be equated with mercy since it is said bhūtābhaya-pradānasya kalāṁ nārhati ṣoḍaśīm: those engaging in pious acts do not achieve one sixteenth of the results of the person who bestows (in charity) fearlessness to living beings. Thus there is no contradiction to the previous statement tapaḥ śaucaṁ dayā satyamiti pādāḥ kṛte kṛtāḥ: In Satya-yuga you had complete dharma of four portions with four elements: austerity, cleanliness, mercy and truth. (SB 1.17.24)
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