FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 11.12.13

మత్కామా రమణం జారమస్వరూపవిదోఽబలా: । బ్రహ్మ మాం పరమం ప్రాపు: సఙ్గాచ్ఛతసహస్రశ: ॥ ౧౩ ॥
mat-kāmā ramaṇaṁ jāram
[mat-kaamaa ramanam jaaram]
asvarūpa-vido ’balāḥ
[asvaroopa-vido ’balaah]
brahma māṁ paramaṁ prāpuḥ
[brahma maam paramam praapuh]
saṅgāc chata-sahasraśaḥ
[sangaach chata-sahasrashah]
mat — Me kāmāḥ — those who desired ramaṇam — a charming lover jāram — the lover of another’s wife asvarūpa-vidaḥ — not knowing My actual situation abalāḥ — women brahma — the Absolute mām — Me paramam — supreme prāpuḥ — they achieved saṅgāt — by association śata-sahasraśaḥ — by hundreds of thousands.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
mat-kāmā ramaṇaṁ jāram
mat
Me
kāmāḥ
those who desired
ramaṇam
a charming lover
jāram
the lover of another’s wife
asvarūpa-vido ’balāḥ
asvarūpa-vidaḥ
not knowing My actual situation
abalāḥ
women
brahma māṁ paramaṁ prāpuḥ
brahma
the Absolute
mām
Me
paramam
supreme
prāpuḥ
they achieved
saṅgāc chata-sahasraśaḥ
saṅgāt
by association
śata-sahasraśaḥ
by hundreds of thousands.
All those hundreds of thousands of gopīs, understanding Me to be their most charming lover and ardently desiring Me in that way, were unaware of My actual position. Yet by intimately associating with Me, the gopīs attained Me, the Supreme Absolute Truth.

The words asvarūpa-vidaḥ (“not understanding My actual position or form”) indicate that the lovely gopīs were so completely absorbed in conjugal love for Lord Kṛṣṇa that they were not aware of the Lord’s unlimited potencies as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura explains this and other meanings of the word asvarūpa-vidaḥ. In Sanskrit the word vid also means “to acquire.” Thus, asvarūpa-vidaḥ indicates that the gopīs, like other pure devotees of the Lord, were not interested in achieving sārūpya-mukti, the liberation of acquiring a bodily form similar to the Lord’s. Were the gopīs to obtain a bodily form like the Lord’s, how could the Lord execute His conjugal pastimes of dancing with the gopīs and embracing them? Since the gopīs had realized their eternal spiritual forms as servitors of the Lord, the word svarūpa also may indicate their own spiritual bodies, and thus asvarūpa-vidaḥ means that the gopīs never thought, as materialists do, of their own bodily beauty. Although the gopīs are the most beautiful girls in the Lord’s creation, they never thought of their own bodies but rather were always meditating on the transcendental body of Lord Kṛṣṇa. Although we cannot imitate the gopī’s exalted conjugal feelings, we can follow their superb example of practical Kṛṣṇa consciousness. They naturally took shelter of Lord Kṛṣṇa and achieved the highest perfection of life.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
All those hundreds of thousands of gopīs, desiring me, the supreme Brahman, not knowing my form of power, attained me, a lover who gave them pleasure because of association. Thus they attained me. Desiring me, they attained me, the supreme Brahman, who gave pleasure to them (ramaṇam). Śukadeva said: bhagavān api tā rātṛīḥ śāradotphulla-mallikāḥ vīkṣya rantuṁ manaś cakre yoga-māyām upāśritaḥ Kṛṣṇa, seeing those autumn nights scented with blossoming jasmine flowers, decided to give pleasure to the gopīs, using his yoga-māyā. SB 10.29.1 They attained me, not as a husband, but as a lover (jāram). They did not know my svarūpa of power, since they experienced only my great sweetness. Or the meaning of asvarūpa-vidaḥ can be “they did not attain sārūpya, forms similar to mine like other devotees.” If they had attained forms similar to Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa could not perform rāsa dance with them. Another meaning of asvarūpa-vidaḥ is “they did not know the beauty of their own forms, but experienced the beauty of my form.” Or another meaning is “gopīs whose svarūpas no one knew.”
The gopīs reached Kṛṣṇa not by metaphysical correctness but by overwhelming intimate attachment — bhāva, not analysis, draws Him near.
Practical Applications
  • Today, in one act of sādhana — japa, reading, kīrtana — drop the urge to analyze and simply long for Kṛṣṇa as a person.
  • Notice when your devotion turns into philosophy-talk and gently bring it back to a direct, personal calling on His name.
  • Refuse the bargain of sārūpya — do not perform devotion to become impressive; perform it to be near Him as His servant.
Reflection Questions
  • Where am I substituting clever understanding of Kṛṣṇa's 'position' for the intimate attachment this verse praises?
  • What would my sādhana look like today if, like the gopīs, I cared only for Him and not at all for my own spiritual form or status?
For Each Age Group
youth
  • When you feel pulled to perform your spirituality on social media, remember the gopīs never thought of their own beauty — chant one round today with no one watching and no one to tell.
  • In a friend group debate about religion, resist the urge to prove Kṛṣṇa's supreme position philosophically; instead, share one concrete way He has become personal to you.
  • Pick one class or exam this week and offer the effort to Kṛṣṇa as a small love-token, the way a gopī would hand Him a flower — without expecting a spiritual 'grade' in return.
householder
  • In the middle of a workday decision today, pause for ten seconds and speak to Kṛṣṇa as a person who is actually present, not as a concept you defend on weekends.
  • When serving your spouse, children, or parents, do one act explicitly as an offering to Kṛṣṇa, letting that intimacy with Him quietly reshape the family duty.
  • Audit your devotional ambitions this month — are you subtly seeking a 'spiritual form' (recognition, position in the saṅga) rather than simple nearness to Him?
senior
  • Use the loosening grip of body and role as the gopīs' gift — let go of your spiritual résumé and ask only to remember His name at the end.
  • When mentoring younger devotees, point them toward personal attachment to Kṛṣṇa, not toward your accumulated understanding of His position.
  • Each evening, sit with the thought that the gopīs wanted no form like His, only Him — and release one more attachment to how your final years are supposed to look.
Common Pitfalls
  • Imitating the gopīs' conjugal mood externally instead of following their example of total, practical absorption in Kṛṣṇa.
  • Concluding that knowledge is unnecessary — when the verse honors their bhāva, not ignorance of tattva as a virtue in itself.
  • Using asvarūpa-vidaḥ to justify sentimentalism, forgetting that the gopīs' attachment was anchored in pure surrender, not whim.
Discussion Prompts
  • If the gopīs reached the Supreme Absolute Truth without grasping His full majesty, what does that say about the role of jñāna in our own bhakti?
  • Where in your own practice do you sense more affinity with the awe-and-reverence mood, and where with the intimate mood — and is one quietly judging the other?
  • Prabhupāda says we cannot imitate the gopīs but can follow their example of practical Kṛṣṇa consciousness — what is the difference, concretely, in your life this week?
Role Play

A new student tells you they have decided to meditate on themselves as a gopī in Vraja during their japa, because this verse shows it is the highest path. You are their slightly senior godbrother or godsister. Walk through the conversation: honor the verse, honor their attraction, and redirect them toward the practical Kṛṣṇa consciousness Prabhupāda actually recommends.

Objections & Responses
  • This verse rewards ignorance — the gopīs did not even know who Kṛṣṇa really was, yet they got the highest result. So why study at all?
    They were not ignorant of Kṛṣṇa; they were uninterested in His aiśvarya because their love had already claimed Him personally. Their 'not-knowing' was the not-knowing of a lover, not of a fool. For us, who still confuse Kṛṣṇa with our own enjoyment, study and sādhana are exactly what protect such love from becoming sentiment.
  • The gopīs' love sounds like ordinary infatuation dressed up as theology — how is this different from any intense human romance?
    Ordinary romance centers the self and uses the beloved; the gopīs' mood centered Kṛṣṇa and emptied them of self-interest, even of the wish for a form like His. The test is direction: does the attachment increase self-absorption, or does it dissolve it into service of the Person who is its object?
📝 My note

← Read full Chapter 12