FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 11.12.12

తా నావిదన్ మయ్యనుషఙ్గబద్ధ- ధియ: స్వమాత్మానమదస్తథేదమ్ । యథా సమాధౌ మునయోఽబ్ధితోయే నద్య: ప్రవిష్టా ఇవ నామరూపే ॥ ౧౨ ॥
tā nāvidan mayy anuṣaṅga-baddha-
[taa naavidan mayy anushanga-baddha-]
dhiyaḥ svam ātmānam adas tathedam
[dhiyah svam aatmaanam adas tathedam]
yathā samādhau munayo ’bdhi-toye
[yathaa samaadhau munayo ’bdhi-toye]
nadyaḥ praviṣṭā iva nāma-rūpe
[nadyah pravishtaa iva naama-roope]
tāḥ — they (the gopīs) na — not avidan — were aware of mayi — in Me anuṣaṅga — by intimate contact baddha — bound up dhiyaḥ — their consciousness svam — their own ātmānam — body or self adaḥ — something remote tathā — thus considering idam — this which is most near yathā — just as samādhau — in yoga-samādhi munayaḥ — great sages abdhi — of the ocean toye — in the water nadyaḥ — rivers praviṣṭāḥ — having entered iva — like nāma — names rūpe — and forms.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tā nāvidan mayy anuṣaṅga-baddha-
tāḥ
they (the gopīs)
na
not
avidan
were aware of
mayi
in Me
anuṣaṅga
by intimate contact
baddha
bound up
dhiyaḥ svam ātmānam adas tathedam
dhiyaḥ
their consciousness
svam
their own
ātmānam
body or self
adaḥ
something remote
tathā
thus considering
idam
this which is most near
yathā samādhau munayo ’bdhi-toye
yathā
just as
samādhau
in yoga-samādhi
munayaḥ
great sages
abdhi
of the ocean
toye
in the water
nadyaḥ praviṣṭā iva nāma-rūpe
nadyaḥ
rivers
praviṣṭāḥ
having entered
iva
like
nāma
names
rūpe
and forms.
My dear Uddhava, just as great sages in yoga trance merge into self-realization, like rivers merging into the ocean, and are thus not aware of material names and forms, similarly, the gopīs of Vṛndāvana were so completely attached to Me within their minds that they could not think of their own bodies, or of this world, or of their future lives. Their entire consciousness was simply bound up in Me.

The words svam ātmānam adas tathedam indicate that while for ordinary persons one’s personal body is the most near and dear thing, the gopīs considered their own bodies to be distant and remote, just as a yogī in samādhi trance considers ordinary things around his physical body or his physical body itself to be most remote. When Kṛṣṇa played on His flute late at night, the gopīs immediately forgot everything about their so-called husbands and children and went to dance with Lord Kṛṣṇa in the forest. These controversial points have been clearly explained in the book Kṛṣṇa, by His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda. The basic explanation is that Lord Kṛṣṇa is the source of everything, and the gopīs are the Lord’s own potency. Thus there is no discrepancy or immorality in the almighty Personality of Godhead’s loving affairs with His own manifest potency, the gopīs, who happen to be the most beautiful young girls in the creation of God.

There is no illusion on the part of the gopīs, for they are so attracted to Lord Kṛṣṇa that they do not care to think of anything else. Since all existence is situated within the body of Lord Kṛṣṇa, there is no loss for the gopīs when they concentrate on the Lord. It is the nature of very deep love to exclude all objects except the beloved. However, in the material world, where we try to love a limited temporary object such as our nation, family or personal body, our exclusion of other objects constitutes ignorance. But when our love is intensely concentrated on the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the origin of everything, such concentration cannot be considered ignorance or small-mindedness.

The example of the sages in samādhi is given here only to illustrate exclusive concentration on a single object. Otherwise, there is no comparison between the ecstatic love of the gopīs and the dry meditation of the yogīs, who merely try to understand that they are not their material bodies. Since the gopīs had no material bodies to become detached from and were personally dancing with and embracing the Absolute Truth, one can never compare the exalted position of the gopīs to that of mere yogīs. It is stated that the bliss of impersonal Brahman realization cannot be compared to even an atomic fragment of the blissful ocean of love of Kṛṣṇa. Intimate attachment is like a strong rope that binds the mind and heart. In material life we are bound to that which is temporary and illusory, and therefore such binding of the heart causes great pain. However, if we bind our minds and hearts to the eternal Lord Kṛṣṇa, the reservoir of all pleasure and beauty, then our hearts will expand unlimitedly in the ocean of transcendental bliss.

One should understand that the gopīs were not in any way inclined toward impersonal meditation, in which one denies the reality of variegated creation. The gopīs did not deny anything; they simply loved Kṛṣṇa and could not think of anything else. They only rejected whatever impeded their concentration on Lord Kṛṣṇa, cursing even their own eyelids, which blinked and thus removed Kṛṣṇa from their sight for a split second. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has stated that all sincere devotees of the Lord should have the courage to remove from their lives anything that impedes their progressive march back home, back to Godhead.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Their minds bound by constant association with me, they were not aware of their bodies, of this world or the next world, just as sages in samādhi are not aware of the world, and just as rivers, on entering the ocean, lose their names and forms. Ujjvala-nīla-maṇi explains that when one experiences intense emotions, one forgets everything even though one is not in a state of illusion. That is shown in this verse. Their minds were bound to constant association with me. By his amazing pastimes Kṛṣṇa stunned all the three worlds. By his constant association he bound up the gopīs with great strength. The functions of their intelligence became like desire cows for fulfilling Kṛṣṇa’s desires, bound up by constant association. They did not know their own bodies. In going to the rāsa dance, they did not know where they were, where they had come. They were not aware of this world or then next (adaḥ), though they had transgressed dharma. They were like sages in samādhi. In that state, experiencing Brahman, the sages remember nothing. However the gopīs experienced me, not the Brahman. Thus the example is useful to show forgetfulness, but is not meant to show the attainment. There is a great difference between the gopīs’ attaining prema and the sages attaining nirvāṇa since their feelings of possessiveness are different. Seeing a husband or sons even without good qualities gives more happiness than seeing the moon, which gives great bliss and destroys all suffering. The cause is the possessiveness. One is more possessive of husband and sons than of the moon. Then what to speak of the bliss if one is unlimitedly possessive of Kṛṣṇa, the supreme Brahman, who gives unlimited bliss by his very nature and is decorated with all good qualities! This possessiveness is the cause of the greatest bliss for the devotees. brahmānando bhaved eṣa cet parārddha-guṇīkṛtaḥ | naiti bhakti-sukhāmbhodheḥ paramāṇu-tulām api || The bliss of Brahman realization accumulated by samādhi lasting for half of Brahmā’s life cannot compare to one drop of the ocean of the happiness of bhakti. BRS 1.1.38 Brahman is attached to the devotees and under their control, but Brahman is not attached to the sages and is not under their control. Just as rivers enter the ocean and do not know their name and form, the gopīs, in relishing rasa, did not know their names and forms. The comparison does not illustrate absolute non-difference of gopīs from Brahman.
The gopīs' minds were so bound to Kṛṣṇa that body, world, and future vanished — concentrated love, not impersonal merging, is the goal.
Practical Applications
  • Identify one attachment that pulls your mind from Kṛṣṇa today and remove it the way the gopīs cursed their blinking eyelids.
  • When you next sit for japa or hear about Kṛṣṇa, refuse to let thoughts of body, family role, or future plans interrupt — bring the mind back each time.
  • Speak to Kṛṣṇa personally in your prayers today, not to an abstract Absolute or 'the universe' — address Him by name.
Reflection Questions
  • What in my daily life am I binding my heart to that is temporary, and what pain is that binding already costing me?
  • Where am I tempted to mistake the dry detachment of impersonal meditation for the warm exclusive love this verse actually describes?
For Each Age Group
youth
  • Notice when your phone or social feed pulls your mind away the way the gopīs' eyelids pulled Kṛṣṇa from their sight — and put it down, even mid-scroll.
  • When peer pressure asks you to perform an identity that has nothing to do with Kṛṣṇa, refuse it once today, even quietly, without making a scene.
  • In your next study session or exam prep, bind your mind to the work the way the gopīs bound theirs to Kṛṣṇa — single object, no split attention.
householder
  • Protect one fixed slot in your day — morning sādhana, an evening reading — where spouse, children, and work do not get to interrupt, and hold it like the gopīs held Kṛṣṇa in mind.
  • When a career or money decision arises this week, ask whether it tightens or loosens the rope binding your heart to Kṛṣṇa, and decide on that basis.
  • Address Kṛṣṇa personally in front of your children at least once today — at meals, at bedtime — so they see Him as a person in the household, not an abstraction.
senior
  • Name one long-held attachment — a possession, a grievance, a role — and begin loosening your grip on it this week, since the body is already showing you it is temporary.
  • Mentor a younger devotee or family member by speaking about Kṛṣṇa as a specific person, not as 'the divine' or 'consciousness,' and watch how it changes the conversation.
  • Use any pain or limitation of aging as a reminder, not a complaint, that binding the heart to the temporary causes suffering — and redirect that bound heart toward Kṛṣṇa today.
Common Pitfalls
  • Reading the verse as endorsement of impersonal samādhi — the sages are only a comparison; the gopīs' love is incomparably higher.
  • Using 'absorption in Kṛṣṇa' as a pious excuse to neglect concrete duties one is actually obligated to perform.
  • Imagining one can imitate the gopīs' rejection of bodily concerns from a conditioned platform, instead of cultivating bhakti steadily under guidance.
Discussion Prompts
  • Prabhupāda says exclusive love for a limited object is ignorance, but exclusive love for Kṛṣṇa is not — where does this line actually fall in your own life, and would the group agree with your placement?
  • The gopīs left so-called husbands and children when the flute called — what would it look like, and what would it NOT look like, to honor this verse without being reckless in your own āśrama?
  • Is there anything in your sādhana right now that you have the 'courage to remove' as Rūpa Gosvāmī urges, or are you protecting it? Name it to your partner.
Role Play

One student plays a sincere devotee whose family is pressuring them to spend a holiday on a long trip that will gut their morning sādhana for two weeks. Another plays a senior Vaiṣṇava friend. The devotee must articulate, in the spirit of this verse, what they will and will not compromise — and the friend must test whether the devotee is being faithful to the gopīs' example or merely sentimental and irresponsible toward their āśrama duties.

Objections & Responses
  • Abandoning husbands and children to dance in a forest sounds like exactly the kind of behavior we would condemn in any other context — why is it spiritual here?
    Prabhupāda addresses this directly: Kṛṣṇa is the source of everything and the gopīs are His own internal potency, so the relationship is not parallel to ordinary human affairs. The verse is not a license for anyone in a conditioned body to abandon their duties; it is a description of the highest love, in which the beloved is the Supreme Person Himself. Our application is not imitation but appreciation, and steady bhakti from where we actually stand.
  • This sounds like the same merging into the Absolute that yogīs and Buddhists describe — just dressed in personal language.
    The verse uses the yogī's samādhi only as an illustration of exclusive concentration; Prabhupāda is explicit that there is no real comparison. The gopīs do not deny variegated reality, they do not deny their own personhood, and they do not seek to dissolve into a featureless Brahman — they love a specific person, Kṛṣṇa, and reject only what blocks that love. Bhakti expands the heart; impersonal merging negates it.
📝 My note

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