FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.90.1-7

శ్రీశుక ఉవాచ సుఖం స్వపుర్యాం నివసన్ ద్వారకాయాం శ్రియ: పతి: । సర్వసమ్పత్సమృద్ధాయాం జుష్టాయాం వృష్ణిపుఙ్గవై: ॥ ౧ ॥ స్‍త్రీభిశ్చోత్తమవేషాభిర్నవయౌవనకాన్తిభి: । కన్దుకాదిభిర్హర్మ్యేషు క్రీడన్తీభిస్తడిద్‌ద్యుభి: ॥ ౨ ॥ నిత్యం సఙ్కులమార్గాయాం మదచ్యుద్భ‍ిర్మతఙ్గజై: । స్వలఙ్కృతైర్భటైరశ్వై రథైశ్చ కనకోజ్జ్వలై: ॥ ౩ ॥ ఉద్యానోపవనాఢ్యాయాం పుష్పితద్రుమరాజిషు । నిర్విశద్ భృఙ్గవిహగైర్నాదితాయాం సమన్తత: ॥ ౪ ॥ రేమే షోడశసాహస్రపత్నీనామేకవల్ల‍భ: । తావద్విచిత్రరూపోఽసౌ తద్గేహేషు మహర్ద్ధిషు ॥ ౫ ॥ ప్రోత్ఫుల్ల‍ోత్పలకహ్లారకుముదామ్భోజరేణుభి: । వాసితామలతోయేషు కూజద్‌ద్విజకులేషు చ ॥ ౬ ॥ విజహార విగాహ్యామ్భో హ్రదినీషు మహోదయ: । కుచకుఙ్కుమలిప్తాఙ్గ: పరిరబ్ధశ్చ యోషితామ్ ॥ ౭ ॥
śrī-śuka uvāca
[shree-shuka uvaacha]
sukhaṁ sva-puryāṁ nivasan
[sukham sva-puryaam nivasan]
dvārakāyāṁ śriyaḥ patiḥ
[dvaarakaayaam shriyah patih]
sarva-sampat-samṛddhāyāṁ
[sarva-sampat-samriddhaayaam]
juṣṭāyāṁ vṛṣṇi-puṅgavaiḥ
[jushtaayaam vrishni-pungavaih]
strībhiś cottama-veṣābhir
[streebhish chottama-veshaabhir]
nava-yauvana-kāntibhiḥ
[nava-yauvana-kaantibhih]
kandukādibhir harmyeṣu
[kandukaadibhir harmyeshu]
krīḍantībhis taḍid-dyubhiḥ
[kreedanteebhis tadid-dyubhih]
nityaṁ saṅkula-mārgāyāṁ
[nityam sankula-maargaayaam]
mada-cyudbhir mataṅ-gajaiḥ
[mada-chyudbhir matan-gajaih]
sv-alaṅkṛtair bhaṭair aśvai
[sv-alankritair bhatair ashvai]
rathaiś ca kanakojjvalaiḥ
[rathaish cha kanakojjvalaih]
udyānopavanāḍhyāyāṁ
[udyaanopavanaadhyaayaam]
puṣpita-druma-rājiṣu
[pushpita-druma-raajishu]
nirviśad-bhṛṅga-vihagair
[nirvishad-bhringa-vihagair]
nāditāyāṁ samantataḥ
[naaditaayaam samantatah]
reme ṣoḍaśa-sāhasra-
[reme shodasha-saahasra-]
patnīnāṁ eka-vallabhaḥ
[patneenaam eka-vallabhah]
tāvad vicitra-rūpo ’sau
[taavad vichitra-roopo ’sau]
tad-geheṣu maharddhiṣu
[tad-geheshu maharddhishu]
protphullotpala-kahlāra-
[protphullotpala-kahlaara-]
kumudāmbhoja-reṇubhiḥ
[kumudaambhoja-renubhih]
vāsitāmala-toyeṣu
[vaasitaamala-toyeshu]
kūjad-dvija-kuleṣu ca
[koojad-dvija-kuleshu cha]
vijahāra vigāhyāmbho
[vijahaara vigaahyaambho]
hradinīṣu mahodayaḥ
[hradineeshu mahodayah]
kuca-kuṅkuma-liptāṅgaḥ
[kucha-kunkuma-liptaangah]
parirabdhaś ca yoṣitām
[parirabdhash cha yoshitaam]
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca — Śukadeva Gosvāmī said sukham — happily sva — in His own puryām — city nivasan — residing dvārakāyām — in Dvārakā śriyaḥ — of the goddess of fortune patiḥ — the master sarva — all sampat — in opulent features samṛddhāyām — which was rich juṣṭāyām — populated vṛṣṇi - puṅgavaiḥ — by the most prominent of the Vṛṣṇis strībhiḥ — by women ca — and uttama — excellent veṣābhiḥ — whose dress nava — new yauvana — of youth kāntibhiḥ — whose beauty kanduka - ādibhiḥ — with balls and other toys harmyeṣu — on the rooftops krīḍantībhiḥ — playing taḍit — of lightning dyubhiḥ — whose effulgence nityam — always saṅkula — crowded mārgāyām — whose roads mada - cyudbhiḥ — exuding mada matam — intoxicated gajaiḥ — with elephants su — well alaṅkṛtaiḥ — ornamented bhaṭaiḥ — with foot-soldiers aśvaiḥ — horses rathaiḥ — chariots ca — and kanaka — with gold ujjvalaiḥ — brilliant udyāna — with gardens upavana — and parks āḍhyāyām — endowed puṣpita — flowering druma — of trees rājiṣu — which had rows nirviśat — entering (therein) bhṛṅga — by bees vihagaiḥ — and birds nāditāyām — filled with sound samantataḥ — on all sides reme — He enjoyed ṣoḍaśa — sixteen sāhasra — thousand patnīnām — of wives eka — the only vallabhaḥ — beloved tāvat — that many vicitra — variegated rūpaḥ — having personal forms asau — He tat — their geheṣu — in the residences mahā - ṛddhiṣu — richly furnished protphulla — blooming utpala — of water lilies kahlāra — white lotuses kumuda — night-blooming lotuses ambhoja — and day-blooming lotuses reṇubhiḥ — by the pollen vāsita — made aromatic amala — pure toyeṣu — in bodies of water kūjat — cooing dvija — of birds kuleṣu — where there were flocks ca — and vijahāra — He sported vigāhya — diving ambhaḥ — into the water hradinīṣu — in rivers mahā - udayaḥ — the all-powerful Lord kuca — from their breasts kuṅkuma — by the red cosmetic powder lipta — smeared aṅgaḥ — His body parirabdhaḥ — embraced ca — and yoṣitām — by the women .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-śuka uvāca
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said
sukham
happily
sukhaṁ sva-puryāṁ nivasan
sva
in His own
puryām
city
nivasan
residing
dvārakāyāṁ śriyaḥ patiḥ
dvārakāyām
in Dvārakā
śriyaḥ
of the goddess of fortune
patiḥ
the master
sarva-sampat-samṛddhāyāṁ
sarva
all
sampat
in opulent features
samṛddhāyām
which was rich
juṣṭāyāṁ vṛṣṇi-puṅgavaiḥ
juṣṭāyām
populated
vṛṣṇi - puṅgavaiḥ
by the most prominent of the Vṛṣṇis
strībhiś cottama-veṣābhir
strībhiḥ
by women
nava-yauvana-kāntibhiḥ
kandukādibhir harmyeṣu
krīḍantībhis taḍid-dyubhiḥ
nityaṁ saṅkula-mārgāyāṁ
mada-cyudbhir mataṅ-gajaiḥ
sv-alaṅkṛtair bhaṭair aśvai
rathaiś ca kanakojjvalaiḥ
ca
and
uttama
excellent
veṣābhiḥ
whose dress
nava
new
udyānopavanāḍhyāyāṁ
yauvana
of youth
puṣpita-druma-rājiṣu
nirviśad-bhṛṅga-vihagair
nāditāyāṁ samantataḥ
reme ṣoḍaśa-sāhasra-
patnīnāṁ eka-vallabhaḥ
kāntibhiḥ
whose beauty
tāvad vicitra-rūpo ’sau
tad-geheṣu maharddhiṣu
protphullotpala-kahlāra-
kanduka - ādibhiḥ
with balls and other toys
kumudāmbhoja-reṇubhiḥ
vāsitāmala-toyeṣu
kūjad-dvija-kuleṣu ca
vijahāra vigāhyāmbho
harmyeṣu
on the rooftops
krīḍantībhiḥ
playing
hradinīṣu mahodayaḥ
kuca-kuṅkuma-liptāṅgaḥ
taḍit
of lightning
dyubhiḥ
whose effulgence
nityam
always
saṅkula
crowded
mārgāyām
whose roads
mada - cyudbhiḥ
exuding mada
matam
intoxicated
gajaiḥ
with elephants
su
well
alaṅkṛtaiḥ
ornamented
bhaṭaiḥ
with foot-soldiers
parirabdhaś ca yoṣitām
aśvaiḥ
horses
rathaiḥ
chariots
ca
and
kanaka
with gold
ujjvalaiḥ
brilliant
udyāna
with gardens
upavana
and parks
āḍhyāyām
endowed
puṣpita
flowering
druma
of trees
rājiṣu
which had rows
nirviśat
entering (therein)
bhṛṅga
by bees
vihagaiḥ
and birds
nāditāyām
filled with sound
samantataḥ
on all sides
reme
He enjoyed
ṣoḍaśa
sixteen
sāhasra
thousand
patnīnām
of wives
eka
the only
vallabhaḥ
beloved
tāvat
that many
vicitra
variegated
rūpaḥ
having personal forms
asau
He
tat
their
geheṣu
in the residences
mahā - ṛddhiṣu
richly furnished
protphulla
blooming
utpala
of water lilies
kahlāra
white lotuses
kumuda
night-blooming lotuses
ambhoja
and day-blooming lotuses
reṇubhiḥ
by the pollen
vāsita
made aromatic
amala
pure
toyeṣu
in bodies of water
kūjat
cooing
dvija
of birds
kuleṣu
where there were flocks
ca
and
vijahāra
He sported
vigāhya
diving
ambhaḥ
into the water
hradinīṣu
in rivers
mahā - udayaḥ
the all-powerful Lord
kuca
from their breasts
kuṅkuma
by the red cosmetic powder
lipta
smeared
aṅgaḥ
His body
parirabdhaḥ
embraced
ca
and
yoṣitām
by the women .
  • dvārakāyām — in Dvārakā
    Locative of Dvārakā, Kṛṣṇa's island-capital. In Gauḍīya rasa-vicāra Dvārakā is the seat of aiśvarya-līlā — opulent and majestic — distinct from Vraja, which is the seat of mādhurya. The same Bhagavān, two registers.
  • śriyaḥ — of the goddess of fortune
    Lakṣmī's genitive. The verse opens by naming Kṛṣṇa śriyaḥ patiḥ — Lakṣmī-pati — even before naming Dvārakā. Gauḍīyas note the queens at 90.24 will turn this against Him: 'come without the goddess of fortune' — vipralambha trumps aiśvarya.
  • patiḥ — the master
    Nominative of pati — husband, lord. The chapter's running double sense: Kṛṣṇa as cosmic Lord (sva-puryām nivasan) and as the queens' personal husband. Both senses will collide in the songs of separation.
  • reme — He enjoyed
    Aorist of √ram. The same verb used of Kṛṣṇa's rāsa-līlā with the gopīs (SB 10.33). The poet deliberately echoes Vraja-vocabulary inside Dvārakā — preparing the reader for verses 15-24 where the queens speak in gopī-mood.
  • vallabhaḥ — beloved
    From √vall — to be cherished. Eka-vallabhaḥ: 'the only beloved' of sixteen thousand wives. Each queen experiences Him as wholly hers — the same paradox the gopīs live in the rāsa circle.
  • vicitra-rūpaḥ — having variegated personal forms
    vicitra (variegated) + rūpaḥ (forms). Kṛṣṇa expands into sixteen thousand identical-yet-personal forms to be physically present in each palace. Gauḍīyas cite this as a līlā-instance of His ananta-rūpa potency — not māyā, but svarūpa-śakti.
Śukadeva Gosvamī said: The master of the goddess of fortune resided happily in His capital city, Dvārakā, which was endowed with all opulences and populated by the most eminent Vṛṣṇis and their gorgeously dressed wives. When these beautiful women in the bloom of youth would play on the city’s rooftops with balls and other toys, they shone like flashing lightning. The main streets of the city were always crowded with intoxicated elephants exuding mada, and also with cavalry, richly adorned infantrymen, and soldiers riding chariots brilliantly decorated with gold. Gracing the city were many gardens and parks with rows of flowering trees, where bees and birds would gather, filling all directions with their songs.

Lord Kṛṣṇa was the sole beloved of His sixteen thousand wives. Expanding Himself into that many forms, He enjoyed with each of His queens in her own richly furnished residence. On the grounds of these palaces were clear ponds fragrant with the pollen of blooming utpala, kahlāra, kumuda and ambhoja lotuses and filled with flocks of cooing birds. The almighty Lord would enter those ponds, and also various rivers, and enjoy sporting in the water while His wives embraced Him, leaving the red kuṅkuma from their breasts smeared on His body. . One rule of poetic composition practiced by Vaiṣṇava authors is madhureṇa samāpayet: “A literary work should conclude in a mood of special sweetness.” Śrīla Śukadeva Gosvāmī, the most tasteful narrator of transcendental topics, has accordingly included in this last chapter of the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam a description of Lord Kṛṣṇa’s water sports in the attractive setting of Dvārakā, followed by the rapturous prayers of the Lord’s queens.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Śukadeva Gosvamī said: The master of the goddess of fortune resided happily in His capital city, Dvārakā, which was endowed with all opulences and populated by the most eminent Vṛṣṇis and their gorgeously dressed wives. When these beautiful women in the bloom of youth would play on the city's rooftops with balls and other toys, they shone like flashing lightning. The main streets of the city were always crowded with intoxicated elephants exuding mada, and also with cavalry, richly adorned infantrymen, and soldiers riding chariots brilliantly decorated with gold. Gracing the city were many gardens and parks with rows of flowering trees, where bees and birds would gather, filling all directions with their songs. Lord Kṛṣṇa was the sole beloved of His sixteen thousand wives. Expanding Himself into that many forms, He enjoyed with each of His queens in her own richly furnished residence. On the grounds of these palaces were clear ponds fragrant with the pollen of blooming utpala, kahlāra, kumuda and ambhoja lotuses and filled with flocks of cooing birds. The almighty Lord would enter those ponds, and also various rivers, and enjoy sporting in the water while His wives embraced Him, leaving the red kuṅkuma from their breasts smeared on His body.
Commentary

In the ninetieth chapter the symptoms of the queens’ love while they played water sports, the power of the yadavas and eternal nature of Krsna’s pastimes are described. According to the maxim "all things should end sweetly" Sukadeva describes the water sports of Krsna. But first as an stimulus (uddipana) for that, he describes the attractiveness of the city starting in the first verse. Krsna enjoyed in all those houses, which are described in detail in the first five verses. Having described the enjoyment in the houses, he then describes the enjoyment in the water. Krsna, enjoyed in the water which was fragrant and pure. Having described the pleasure in the ponds, he describes pastimes in the rivers. Embraced by the women (parirabdhah), he enjoyed in the water.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Concentrating his mind, Śukadeva remembers a special pastime filled with the highest happiness. This continues till the end of verse 24. First six verses describe his city, the city of Svayam Bhagavān. Thus the city was by its very nature most suitable for living joyfully and performing pastimes. He lived there continually (ni—vasan) since it was greater than Vaikuṇṭha. There he lived with his extraordinary consort Rukmiṇī (śriyaḥ patiḥ—master of Lakṣmī). More and more their details are then described. They had ever fresh beauty and youth that become increasing remarkable. Having described their beauty, their attractive gestures are described. They played with balls, and also sang and danced (ādibhiḥ). As they moved about while playing they appeared to be lightning decorating the sky. Having described the inhabitants of the palaces, Śukadeva then describes what was outside the palaces. There was always an army with four parts. In the crowded streets there were intoxicated elephants, soldiers, horses and chariots, all with decorations. The chariots shone remarkably with gold. The gardens are then described. The gardens resounded with the humming of bees and chirping of birds. Kṛṣṇa played intensely (reme). How? He played with sixteen thousand wives, while being a single husband. That is, simultaneously he pleased each individual wife. That was not impossible for him, since the one form manifested as many, as Nārada explained on visiting Dvārakā. Though the city was most attractive, the houses were even more attractive (mahārddhiṣu). In relation to water pastimes, Hari-vaṁśa gives the following description: aham iṣṭā mayā sārdhaṁ jale vasati keśavaḥ / iti tā menire sarvā nārāyaṇaparāḥ striyaḥ // sarvāḥ surata-cihnāṅgyaḥ sarvāḥ surata-tarpitāḥ / mānam ūhuś ca tāḥ sarvā govinde bahumānajam // aham iṣṭāham iṣṭeti snigdhe parijane tadā / nārāyaṇa-striyaḥ sarvā mudā śaślāghire śubhāḥ // ekārpitamano-dṛṣṭyo nerṣyā tāś cakrire 'ṅganāḥ // nārāyaṇena devena tarpyamāṇa-manorathāḥ // śirāṁsi garvitāny ūhuḥ sarvā niravaśeṣataḥ / vāllabhyaṁke śiva-mayaṁ vahantyaś cāru-darśanāḥ // All the devoted wives of Kṛṣṇa thought, “He desires me. He is with me in the water.” They were all marked with signs of lovemaking and satisfied with love. They were all proud that they were honored by Kṛṣṇa. “Kṛṣṇa desires me.” All the glories wives praised their good fortune with joy while their attendants rejoiced. The women glanced at him with devotion, never with hatred. All their desires were satisfied by Kṛṣṇa. They always carried their heads with pride. The beautiful women carried their auspicious husband in their attractive laps. Kahlāra are fragrant. Upala are white lotuses and kumuda are red. The Lord would enter those ponds, and also various rivers, and enjoy sporting in the water while his wives embraced him, leaving the red kuṅkuma from their breasts smeared on his body. He played in the spotless, fragrant water (previous verse). Mention of lakes indicates other water bodies also. Hari-vaṁśa says they also played in the ocean. The word mahodayaḥ (master) indicates that he was endowed all materials necessary for playing in the water. kāścit kāṣṭha-mayais teruḥ plavaiḥ sarvāṅga-śobhanāḥ / krauṣca-barhiṇa-nāgānām ākāra-sadṛśaiḥ striyaḥ // makarākṛtibhiś cānyā mīnābhair api cāparāḥ / bahu-rūpākṛti-dharaiḥ pupluvuś cāparāḥ striyaḥ // naubhir gṛha-prakārābhiś cikrīḍur aparājitāḥ / snātānulipta-muditāḥ sāyāhne 'ndhaka-vṛṣṇayaḥ // āyatāś caturasrāś ca vṛttāś ca svastikās tathā / prāsādā nauṣu kauravya vihitā viśvakarmaṇā // Bhakṣya-bhojyāni peyāni coṣyaṁ lehyaṁ tathaica ca / bahuprakāraṁ manasā dhyāte teṣāṁ bhavaty uta // nārāyaṇājṣayā vṛkṣāḥ puṣpāṇi mumucur bhṛśam / ṛtavaś cānurūpāṇi vihāyasi gatās tadā // vavau manoharo vāto rati-kheda-haraḥ sukhaḥ / rajobhiḥ sarva-puṣpāṇāṁ yuktaś candana-śaityabhṛt // śītoṣṇam icchatāṁ tatra babhūva vasudhāpate / vāsudevaprasādena bhaumānāṁ krīḍatāṁ tadā // uvāha sarva-gandhāḍhyaṁ svacchaṁ vāri mahodadhiḥ / toyaṁ cālavaṇaṁ vīra vāsudevasya śāsanāt // gulpha-daghnaṁ jānu-daghnam ūru-daghnam athāpi vā / nāryas tāḥ stana-daghnaṁ vā jalaṁ samabhikāṅkṣitam // Some beautiful women crossed the water in wood boats. Some dressed up as ospreys, peacocks, and elephants. Others resembled makaras or fish. Other women bathed in the water with many forms. The unsurpassable women played in the water using house boats. Joyful with playing in the water the Andhakas and Vṛṣṇis stayed there till evening. Viśvakarmā made square and round palaces in the boats. Just by meditating, foods to be chewed, licked, drunk and sucked appeared in many varieties. By the order of the Lord, flowers blossomed in profusion. The seasons appeared at suitable times. Pleasant breezes, cool as sandalwood, which gave relief from fatigue of love making, carrying flower pollen, blew in the sky. It became hot or cold by the desire of those playing, by the mercy of Kṛṣṇa. The ocean was filled with clear, fragrant water. It became saltless by the order of Kṛṣṇa. The women went into the desirable water up to their calves, to their knees, to their thighs, and to their breasts.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The supreme goal, the happiness of his pastimes is described now, at the end of the work, in twelve verses. He lived happily in his city (sva-puryām), at all times (ni-vasan). That place was suitable of living happily. It was greater than Vaikuṇṭha for living happily. It was even the happy residence of Mahālakṣmī for he was the husband of Lakṣmī (śriyaḥ patiḥ). It was endowed with increasing wealth of all types. Or this explains the reason for living happily there. Or he was the protector of Rukmiṇī (śriyaḥ patiḥ), by special, suitable pastimes, manifesting more unlimited qualities and forms than previously according to the Lord’s will. The city continually increased all wealth in newer ways, greater than in Vaikuṇṭha. The city was served by women, who were more attracdtive than the women of Vaikuṇṭha, having excellent ornaments and new youthful beauty, or beauty and youth which were more extraordinary than previously (nava). Next their skill is described. They played ball on the roofs. They also sang and danced. They were golden in complexion. Or kāntibhiḥ describes their complexion and their playing was fickle like lightning. Having described the inhabitants of the palaces, Śukadeva then describes what was outside the palaces. There was always an army with four parts. In the crowded streets there were intoxicated elephants, soldiers, horses and chariots, all with decorations. The chariots shone remarkably with gold. The gardens are then described. Udyāna means gardend with prominence of flowers. Upavana means groves with prominence of fruits. The city was endowed with these gardens. The place was filled in all directions with the sounds of birds and bees which entered into or lived in the groups of flowering trees. Kṛṣṇa played intensely (reme). How? He played with sixteen thousand wives, while being a single husband. That is, simultaneously he pleased each individual wife. That was not impossible for him since he has special powers. In relation to water pastimes, Hari-vaṁśa gives the following description: aham iṣṭā mayā sārdhaṁ jale vasati keśavaḥ / iti tā menire sarvā nārāyaṇaparāḥ striyaḥ // sarvāḥ surata-cihnāṅgyaḥ sarvāḥ surata-tarpitāḥ / mānam ūhuś ca tāḥ sarvā govinde bahumānajam // aham iṣṭāham iṣṭeti snigdhe parijane tadā / nārāyaṇa-striyaḥ sarvā mudā śaślāghire śubhāḥ // ekārpitamano-dṛṣṭyo nerṣyā tāś cakrire 'ṅganāḥ // nārāyaṇena devena tarpyamāṇa-manorathāḥ // śirāṁsi garvitāny ūhuḥ sarvā niravaśeṣataḥ / vāllabhyaṁke śiva-mayaṁ vahantyaś cāru-darśanāḥ // All the devoted wives of Kṛṣṇa thought, “He desires me. He is with me in the water.” They were all marked with signs of lovemaking and satisfied with love. They were all proud that they were honored by Kṛṣṇa. “Kṛṣṇa desires me.” All the glorious wives praised their good fortune with joy while their attendants rejoiced. The women glanced at him with devotion, never with hatred. All their desires were satisfied by Kṛṣṇa. They always carried their heads with pride. The beautiful women carried auspiciousness in their attractive bodies. He enjoyed in houses endowed with all perfections (maharddhiṣu). Though it was already mentioned that the city had ever increasing wealth, unlimited wealth is mentioned here in relation to the houses particularly. In the ponds within the palaces was pure water endowed with fragrance from pollen of fully blossoming lotuses: fragrant ones, white ones and red ones. In the houses flocks of doves chirped. Or the verse can be connected with the next verse where it is described that Kṛṣṇa played in the water.

Related values
Sthitaprajna (Steady Wisdom)Vairagya (Detachment / Dispassion)Discriminative WisdomAbhaya (Fearlessness)Seva (Service / Selfless Action)Saurya (Heroism / Bravery)Samata (Equanimity / Even-mindedness)
Related verses

Dvārakā is not the world's idea of a city — it is Bhagavān's own household made visible. Flowering trees, bee-songs, lotus-perfumed pools, and sixteen thousand wives each in her own palace: Kṛṣṇa's aiśvarya is not aloof from intimate love; both at once is the Gauḍīya signature.

Nārada's tour of the sixteen thousand palaces

Earlier in this very canto (SB 10.69), Nārada Muni, curious how Kṛṣṇa could live with so many queens, visited palace after palace and in each one found Kṛṣṇa fully present — bathing, eating, joking, performing sacrifice, studying with His sons.

The sage was stunned and offered prayers. Gauḍīyas read this as a concrete demonstration of vibhinnāṁśa-vaibhava: the one Bhagavān expanding into innumerable forms without losing His original self — the very point Brahma-saṁhitā 5.32 makes (aṅgāni yasya sakalendriya-vṛtti-manti).

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