Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.84.7
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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ānarcuḥ
—
they worshiped
From √arc (to worship, honor). The same root as arcana — the third limb of nava-vidha-bhakti. Gauḍīyas read this as showing that arcana is not only of mūrti but of sādhu and ācārya.
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pādya
—
water for washing the feet
One of the standard upacāras in Vaiṣṇava arcana-paddhati (Hari-bhakti-vilāsa). Offering pādya is an admission that the guest's feet are tīrtha — exactly the doctrine Kṛṣṇa will articulate two verses later.
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arghya
—
water for drinking / offering
From √arh (to be worthy). Arghya is given to one who is arha — worthy. The presence of all sixteen upacāras (svāgata, āsana, pādya, arghya, mālya, dhūpa, anulepana…) marks this as a full pūjā, not a casual welcome.
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acyutaḥ
—
Kṛṣṇa, the infallible one
From a- (not) + √cyu (to fall). The unfallen one. That He of all persons performs arcana of the sages is the verse's central scandal — only Acyuta can model what brāhmaṇa-pūjā truly is.
Kṛṣṇa, full of all powers (acyutaḥ), along with Balarāma and all others, worshipped the sages with items of worship starting with svāgata (welcome), using proper items (yathā). Since Kṛṣṇa was the root form of all of them, by worshiping them, worship of Kṛṣṇa was also accomplished. Another version has arcayan instead of arcayat. Each of the sages was worshiped with the articles as each arrived, but not in the order listed. Or, each was worshipped with the articles in this order, as part of the method of worship. One must first remedy any misfortune that has occurred to the protectors of the worlds by welcome. Then one should offer a seat. After that one should offer foot wash with drops of water using a pot for sprinkling water. Ācamana is also included in this. Then when the person is in good health, one should off arghya and other items with attention. Then one should offer unguents like sandalwood.
As others worshiped the sages, Kṛṣṇa, though full of all powers, along with Balarāma, worshipped them. He then spoke (next verse).
Kṛṣṇa offering pādya and arghya to the ṛṣis is the original temple ārati: the deity worshiping the devotee, hand-washing the very feet that would otherwise touch His own. The supreme arcya makes Himself arcaka so the order He upholds remains visible.
Caitanya-caritāmṛta (Madhya 6) records Mahāprabhu personally serving food and attending to Sārvabhauma Bhaṭṭācārya after converting him.
Gauḍīyas read this Kurukṣetra scene as the source-pattern: Bhagavān serves His brāhmaṇa-devotees with His own hands. The Caitanya episode is not innovation but inheritance.
My note
Source: vedabase.io