FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.60.15

యయోరాత్మసమం విత్తం జన్మైశ్వర్యాకృతిర్భవ: । తయోర్వివాహో మైత్రీ చ నోత్తమాధమయో: క్వ‍‍చిత్ ॥ ౧౫ ॥
yayor ātma-samaṁ vittaṁ
[yayor aatma-samam vittam]
janmaiśvaryākṛtir bhavaḥ
[janmaishvaryaakritir bhavah]
tayor vivāho maitrī ca
[tayor vivaaho maitree cha]
nottamādhamayoḥ kvacit
[nottamaadhamayoh kvachit]
yayoḥ — of which two ātma - samam — equal to oneself vittam — property janma — birth aiśvarya — influence ākṛtiḥ — and physical appearance bhavaḥ — posterity tayoḥ — of them vivāhaḥ — marriage maitrī — friendship ca — and na — not uttama — of a superior adhamayoḥ — and an inferior kvacit — ever .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
yayor ātma-samaṁ vittaṁ
yayoḥ
of which two
ātma - samam
equal to oneself
vittam
property
janmaiśvaryākṛtir bhavaḥ
janma
birth
aiśvarya
influence
ākṛtiḥ
and physical appearance
bhavaḥ
posterity
tayor vivāho maitrī ca
tayoḥ
of them
vivāhaḥ
marriage
maitrī
friendship
ca
and
na
not
uttama
of a superior
nottamādhamayoḥ kvacit
adhamayoḥ
and an inferior
kvacit
ever .
  • ātma-samam — equal to oneself
    Compound: ātma (self) + sama (equal). The smṛti-rule of varṇa-saṁskāra matching. He cites it solemnly as if it bound Him — yet Bhagavān, source of all dharma, is not under dharma. The verse stages the irony of svayaṁ-bhagavān citing case-law against Himself.
  • vivāhaḥ — marriage
    From vi + √vah. The institution of pairing — and the chapter's manifest subject. Gauḍīyas read Kṛṣṇa's marriages not as social transactions but as His acceptance of His own eternal consorts in the līlā-frame of marriage.
Marriage and friendship are proper between two people who are equal in terms of their wealth, birth, influence, physical appearance and capacity for good progeny, but never between a superior and an inferior.

Persons of superior and inferior qualities may live together in a relationship of master and servant or teacher and student, but marriage and friendship are proper only between those of equal status. The word bhava, in the context of marriage, indicates that a couple should have a similar capacity to produce good offspring. Lord Kṛṣṇa here presents Himself as materially unqualified. In fact, the Lord does not have any material qualities: He lives in pure spiritual existence. Thus all the Lord’s opulences are eternal and not of the flimsy mundane sort.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Marriage and friendship are proper between two people who are equal in terms of their wealth, birth, influence, physical appearance and capacity for good progeny, but never between a superior and an inferior.
Commentary

In this verse, using niti sastra, Krsna implies that it is not proper that she be his wife. Your father and grandfather are very wealthy, whereas my father Vasudeva has no wealth. I have only wealth that I have earned on my own. You come from a great dynasty, and I, being a Yadava, am without great heritage. You have jurisdiction over many towns such as Kundina in Vidarbha state, whereas I have only Dvaraka in Anarta state. You are fair complexioned, and I am black. Your prosperity (bhava can mean welfare, the lord or material life) is assured, whereas mine is uncertain, because I have many enemies. Those who are equal in wealth, birth, beauty along with power, and prosperity should marry and not those who are unequal in these matters."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The following is proper for everyone. It is proper (not stated but understood) for a couple of equal birth, influence, and beauty to marry. Bhavaḥ means what will happen in the future, which can be known through astrology. Or it can mean offspring in the future. By being born (janma) at the same time their age is similar. Similarity is proper for marriage, for then there can be friendship for example. Or similarity is proper for marriage and even (ca) for persons wishing to be friends. To strengthen the statement, the opposite is stated. In no place or at no time is matching superior with inferior proper.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

I am not suitable for marriage because of great difference which is contrary to custom, and because of embarrassment. The couple should have the same form and same age (bhavaḥ). This is also true of friends (maitrī). Or not only should they marry but they also (ca) will be friends. Otherwise they cannot be friends because they are contrary to each other. This is confirmed by stating the opposite. One party has wealth. The other party is poor. They should never at any time or place get married.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses

A village matchmaker recites the proper rules of pairing — wealth with wealth, family with family, beauty with beauty. The pandit nods; the rules are correct. And yet the Lord Himself, breaking them all, accepts the milkmaid's curds and the gopī's love. Sastra-vāda is here ironic, not normative.

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