FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.39.23

సుఖం ప్రభాతా రజనీయమాశిష: సత్యా బభూవు: పురయోషితాం ధ్రువమ్ । యా: సంప్రవిష్టస్య ముఖం వ్రజస్పతే: పాస్యన్త్యపాఙ్గోత్కలితస్మితాసవమ్ ॥ ౨౩ ॥
sukhaṁ prabhātā rajanīyam āśiṣaḥ
[sukham prabhaataa rajaneeyam aashishah]
satyā babhūvuḥ pura-yoṣitāṁ dhruvam
[satyaa babhoovuh pura-yoshitaam dhruvam]
yāḥ saṁpraviṣṭasya mukhaṁ vrajas-pateḥ
[yaah sampravishtasya mukham vrajas-pateh]
pāsyanty apāṅgotkalita-smitāsavam
[paasyanty apaangotkalita-smitaasavam]
sukham — happy prabhātā — its dawn rajanī — the night iyam — this āśiṣaḥ — the hopes satyāḥ — true babhūvuḥ — have become pura — of the city yoṣitām — of the women dhruvam — certainly yāḥ — who saṁpraviṣṭasya — of Him who has entered (Mathurā) mukham — the face vrajaḥ - pateḥ — of the master of Vraja pāsyanti — they will drink apāṅga — upon the corners of His eyes utkalita — expanded smita — a smile āsavam — nectar .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
sukhaṁ prabhātā rajanīyam āśiṣaḥ
sukham
happy
prabhātā
its dawn
rajanī
the night
iyam
this
āśiṣaḥ
the hopes
satyā babhūvuḥ pura-yoṣitāṁ dhruvam
satyāḥ
true
babhūvuḥ
have become
pura
of the city
yoṣitām
of the women
dhruvam
certainly
yāḥ saṁpraviṣṭasya mukhaṁ vrajas-pateḥ
yāḥ
who
saṁpraviṣṭasya
of Him who has entered (Mathurā)
mukham
the face
vrajaḥ - pateḥ
of the master of Vraja
pāsyanti
they will drink
pāsyanty apāṅgotkalita-smitāsavam
apāṅga
upon the corners of His eyes
utkalita
expanded
smita
a smile
āsavam
nectar .
  • vrajaḥ - pateḥ — of the Lord of Vraja
    The gopīs call Him Vraja-pati — Vraja's master — even while He departs. The title clings to Him whether the body stays or not; Caitanya Mahāprabhu insisted Kṛṣṇa never truly leaves Vraja, only His mortal-eye form goes.
  • apāṅga — the corner / side-glance of the eye
    Apāṅga-darśana = the famous Kṛṣṇa side-long glance — a vibhāva in mādhurya. The gopīs imagine Mathurā's women receiving this glance; it is the most rasa-loaded inheritance they fear losing.
  • smita - āsavam — the nectar of the smile
    Āsava = fermented nectar, intoxicating drink. His smile as liquor. The gopīs picture city-women drinking what they have lived on — Gauḍīya rasa-vocabulary at full intensity.
  • āśiṣaḥ — the blessings / wishes (of the city women)
    Mathurā's women had been wishing for darśana; the gopīs note bitterly that those wishes will be 'realized' (satyāḥ babhūvuḥ). The Lord's universal availability is precisely what tortures the exclusively-loving heart.
The dawn following this night will certainly be auspicious for the women of Mathurā. All their hopes will now be fulfilled, for as the Lord of Vraja enters their city, they will be able to drink from His face the nectar of the smile emanating from the corners of His eyes.
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The dawn following this night will certainly be auspicious for the women of Mathurā. All their hopes will now be fulfilled, for as the Lord of Vraja enters their city, they will be able to drink from His face the nectar of the smile emanating from the corners of His eyes.
Commentary

"Ah, is this so astonishing? We have become unfortunate, and simultaneously the women of Mathura have become fortunate. For the women of Mathura, it is an auspicious daybreak, and for us it is the daybreak of inauspiciousness. The blessings given to them by the brahmanas, or their long standing aspirations, have been fulfilled, whereas ours have become frustrated. These women of Mathura will be able to relish the taste of that face, intoxication incarnate (asava), whose smiling glances hinting at secrets are full of the highest rasa. Giving up propriety, shame and fear instantly, they will accept those hints he gives. Then, at suitable time, unseen by others, they will directly and completely taste his face."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

In five verses the gopīs speak in envy. Long held hopes of the women of Mathurā or the blessing of brāhmaṇas have now born fruit. He should be seen by the people of Vraja (vrajas-pateḥ), but he will enter into the city. The “s” in vrajas is poetic license. They will taste the nectar of his smile by their eyes in the form of tongues. Viṣṇu Purāṇa says: suprabhātādya rajanī mathurā-vāsayoṣitām / pāsyanty acyuta-vaktrābjaṁ yāsāṁ netrāli-paṅktayaḥ // The night today is glorious for the women of Mathurā, since their eyes will see the lotus face of Acyuta.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Long held hopes of the women of Mathurā or the blessing of brāhmaṇas have now born fruit. They see his sweet smile endowed with loving glances. The whole phrase can modify the verb also. His special bhāvas indicate the good fortune of the women of Mathurā. Viṣṇu Purāṇa says: suprabhātādya rajanī mathurā-vāsayoṣitām pāsyanty acyuta-vaktrābjaṁ yāsāṁ netrāli-paṅktayaḥ The night today is glorious for the women of Mathurā, since their eyes will see the lotus face of Acyuta.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Apaishunam (Non-slander)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Asteya (Non-stealing / Honesty)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses
Concepts
Satya

Like dawn for one city is dusk for another — the gopīs imagine the Mathurā women rising tomorrow to find Kṛṣṇa entering their streets, their hopes ripening exactly as Vraja's hopes are cut. Pratyāgnyāgāra: their loss is being measured against another city's gain.

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