FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.32.16

శ్రీగోప్య ఊచు: భజతోఽనుభజన్త్యేక ఏక ఏతద్విపర్యయమ్ । నోభయాంశ్చ భజన్త్యేక ఏతన్నో బ్రూహి సాధు భో: ॥ ౧౬ ॥
śrī-gopya ūcuḥ
[shree-gopya oochuh]
bhajato ’nubhajanty eka
[bhajato ’nubhajanty eka]
eka etad-viparyayam
[eka etad-viparyayam]
nobhayāṁś ca bhajanty eka
[nobhayaamsh cha bhajanty eka]
etan no brūhi sādhu bhoḥ
[etan no broohi saadhu bhoh]
śrī - gopyaḥ ūcuḥ — the gopīs said bhajataḥ — to those who respect them anu — reciprocally bhajanti — show respect eke — some eke — some etat — to this viparyayam — the contrary na ubhayān — with neither ca — and bhajanti — reciprocate eke — some etat — this naḥ — to us brūhi — speak sādhu — properly bhoḥ — O dear one .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-gopya ūcuḥ
śrī - gopyaḥ ūcuḥ
the gopīs said
bhajato ’nubhajanty eka
bhajataḥ
to those who respect them
anu
reciprocally
eka etad-viparyayam
nobhayāṁś ca bhajanty eka
bhajanti
show respect
eke
some
eke
some
etan no brūhi sādhu bhoḥ
etat
to this
viparyayam
the contrary
na ubhayān
with neither
ca
and
bhajanti
reciprocate
eke
some
etat
this
naḥ
to us
brūhi
speak
sādhu
properly
bhoḥ
O dear one .
  • bhajataḥ — to those who respect them
    Genitive participle of √bhaj — to serve, to share, to love. Bhaj is the root of bhakti. The gopīs use it three times in this verse to triangulate love-types; the entire question is built on grammatical variations of this one verb.
  • anu — reciprocally
    The prefix anu- carries 'following, in response to.' Anu-bhajanti = they love in response. This is the conditional love the gopīs are diagnosing: love that exists only because it has been received first.
  • viparyayam — the contrary
    From vi-pari-√i — turned the other way. Viparyaya names the inverted case: those who love even those who don't love them. Kṛṣṇa's answer (verse 18) will say this is the karuṇāḥ pitarau category — merciful, like parents.
  • sādhu — properly
    Adverb from √sādh — to accomplish, to go straight. Sādhu means 'well, properly, truly.' The gopīs ask Kṛṣṇa to speak sādhu — not diplomatically but as a sādhu speaks: with full disclosure of the truth they want stated.
  • bhoḥ — O dear one
    Vocative particle, intimate. The gopīs do not address Him as Kṛṣṇa or Bhagavān here but as bhoḥ — 'hey, you.' The familiarity is the point. Mādhurya-rasa permits this register in a way no other rasa does.
The gopīs said: Some people reciprocate the affection only of those who are affectionate toward them, while others show affection even to those who are indifferent or inimical. And yet others will not show affection toward anyone. Dear Kṛṣṇa, please properly explain this matter to us.

By this apparently polite question, the gopīs want to expose Lord Kṛṣṇa’s failure to properly reciprocate their love. They were very disturbed when Śrī Kṛṣṇa left them in the forest, and they want to know why He caused them to suffer in these loving affairs.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
The gopīs said: Some people reciprocate the affection only of those who are affectionate toward them, while others show affection even to those who are indifferent or inimical. And yet others will not show affection toward anyone. Dear Kṛṣṇa, please properly explain this matter to us.
Commentary

Each gopi began to consider personally this issue. If, though he is the crown jewel of prema, he has put us into such an unfortunate condition, it is better that we ask him about this. "O Krnsa, do you have affection for us, indifference to us, or hostility towards us? Though there are three possibilities, on considering things, none of them stand up. Moreover, is your love conditional or unconditional? It cannot be conditional, because the person with conditional love has attraction for those who help him fulfill his desires, and therefore does not give them misery. And you threw us into the fire of separation to kill us. "Your love is neither unconditional, for seeing our suffering when you left us alone in the dense forest in the late night, you did not feel any sadness. In that we see some motive. Therefore it is not unconditional. We can also understand that you are not indifferent to us, because we see that you try to make us both happy and sad. And you are also not hostile to us, neither permanent dislike or from some unfavorable quality in us. It is not permanent hostility, because we don’t see it in you. It is also not from unfavorable qualities in us because we do not have such unfavorableness to you. "It is not proper to accuse you directly of desiring to kill trusting women servants, but it is proper to ask such questions in the form of riddles, so that Krsna himself will clearly answer whether he desires to kill trusting women or not." Because all the gopis were of similar mind, they reflected in a similar way. These gopis of similar mind then spoke. "O greatly wise one! Considering the meaning of this riddle please speak. "There are some people who only respect those who respect them. Their respect is conditional. They give respect, expecting something, and if they do not get that, then they no longer give respect. This is conditional love. There are other persons who are the opposite, and give respect to those who do not respect them. They have unconditional respect. Not expecting any results for themselves, they have unconditional love. The third type of people are those who do not respect anyone, whether that person respects them or not. There is no question of conditional or unconditional here. Those persons are indifferent. Malice and hatred fall in this category of non respect." Though not mentioned here clearly, it will become somewhat evident in Krnsa’s answers. "Who are these people about whom we speak? (Or what is this respect and non-respect?) Please tell us that. Answer correctly without wandering from the subject (sadhu)."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They ask the question in order to prevent his giving them up again. There are three questions. Some respond to those who show affection. Some respond even to those who do not show affection. Some do not respond to anyone. Please explain this properly. Who are these types of people? Considering the results they get, please tell us. Please pay attention (bhoḥ)! They say this because they see that he is pretending to be inattentive, since he fears they will try to find fault in him.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They ask the question in order to prevent his giving them up again and to negate his ingratitude. There are three questions. Please explain what these situations are, or what their result is, clearly. Thinking carefully about this, explain to us so that it is easy to understand. They say this because they see that he is pretending to be inattentive, since he fears they will try to find fault with him.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Asteya (Non-stealing / Honesty)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses

The gopīs' question is a triple sorting: those who love only those who love them, those who love even the indifferent, those who love no one — which type is Kṛṣṇa? They already know His answer; they ask so He must say it Himself. This is the pattern of prema-praśna — asking the Lord to declare what the heart already trusts.

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