FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.21.13

గావశ్చ కృష్ణముఖనిర్గతవేణుగీత- పీయూషముత్తభితకర్ణపుటై: పిబన్త్య: । శావా: స్‍నుతస్తనపయ:కవలా: స్మ తస్థు- ర్గోవిన్దమాత్మని ద‍ృశాశ్రుకలా: స్పృశన్త్య: ॥ ౧౩ ॥
gāvaś ca kṛṣṇa-mukha-nirgata-veṇu-gīta
[gaavash cha krishna-mukha-nirgata-venu-geeta]
pīyūṣam uttabhita-karṇa-puṭaiḥ pibantyaḥ
[peeyoosham uttabhita-karna-putaih pibantyah]
śāvāḥ snuta-stana-payaḥ-kavalāḥ sma tasthur
[shaavaah snuta-stana-payah-kavalaah sma tasthur]
govindam ātmani dṛśāśru-kalāḥ spṛśantyaḥ
[govindam aatmani drishaashru-kalaah sprishantyah]
gāvaḥ — the cows ca — and kṛṣṇa - mukha — from the mouth of Lord Kṛṣṇa nirgata — emitted veṇu — of the flute gīta — of the song pīyūṣam — the nectar uttabhita — raised high karṇa — with their ears puṭaiḥ — which were acting as vessels pibantyaḥ — drinking śāvāḥ — the calves snuta — exuding stana — from their udders payaḥ — the milk kavalāḥ — whose mouthfuls sma — indeed tasthuḥ — stood still govindam — Lord Kṛṣṇa ātmani — within their minds dṛśā — with their vision aśru - kalāḥ — their eyes full of tears spṛśantyaḥ — touching .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
gāvaś ca kṛṣṇa-mukha-nirgata-veṇu-gīta
gāvaḥ
the cows
ca
and
kṛṣṇa - mukha
from the mouth of Lord Kṛṣṇa
nirgata
emitted
veṇu
of the flute
gīta
of the song
pīyūṣam uttabhita-karṇa-puṭaiḥ pibantyaḥ
pīyūṣam
the nectar
uttabhita
raised high
karṇa
with their ears
puṭaiḥ
which were acting as vessels
pibantyaḥ
drinking
śāvāḥ snuta-stana-payaḥ-kavalāḥ sma tasthur
śāvāḥ
the calves
snuta
exuding
stana
from their udders
payaḥ
the milk
kavalāḥ
whose mouthfuls
sma
indeed
tasthuḥ
stood still
govindam ātmani dṛśāśru-kalāḥ spṛśantyaḥ
govindam
Lord Kṛṣṇa
ātmani
within their minds
dṛśā
with their vision
aśru - kalāḥ
their eyes full of tears
spṛśantyaḥ
touching .
  • kṛṣṇa-mukha — from the mouth of Lord Kṛṣṇa
    Kṛṣṇa-mukha — His face, His mouth. In Gauḍīya kīrtana the mouth of Kṛṣṇa is treated as the source of both veṇu-gīta and bhagavad-gītā; Rūpa Gosvāmī honours Kṛṣṇa's lower-lip-nectar and breath as two streams of the same mādhurya.
  • pīyūṣam — the nectar
    Pīyūṣa — the amṛta of the gods. The veṇu-song is rasāmṛta, the immortal liquid of love; the cows literally drink it through their ears, a striking pratīka for śravaṇa-bhakti at its most embodied.
  • govindam — Lord Kṛṣṇa
    Go (cow) + vinda (one who finds, pleases). 'Govinda' is the name the cows have earned for Him; in this verse the cows and calves reciprocate by 'finding' Him within their own hearts (ātmani). The naming is mutual.
  • ātmani — within their minds
    Locative of ātman. Gauḍīyas insist on the personalist reading even here: the calves embrace Govinda within the antaḥkaraṇa not as the formless Self, but as Bhagavān received into the heart — caitya-guru darśana, paramātmā in mādhurya.
  • aśru-kalāḥ — with eyes full of tears
    Aśru (tears) + kala (a small portion, drop). One of the eight sāttvika-bhāvas in Rūpa Gosvāmī's enumeration; aśru is a public marker that bhāva has surfaced. The Bhāgavatam grants this aṣṭa-sāttvika to the calves of Vraja.
Using their upraised ears as vessels, the cows are drinking the nectar of the flute-song flowing out of Kṛṣṇa’s mouth. The calves, their mouths full of milk from their mothers’ moist nipples, stand still as they take Govinda within themselves through their tear-filled eyes and embrace Him within their hearts.
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Using their upraised ears as vessels, the cows are drinking the nectar of the flute-song flowing out of Kṛṣṇa's mouth. The calves, their mouths full of milk from their mothers' moist nipples, stand still as they take Govinda within themselves through their tear-filled eyes and embrace Him within their hearts.
Commentary

"One cannot say that the bewilderment from the flute is generated only from conjugal desire of the female only. See the example of the cows and their calves. In fearing of spilling the nectar, the cows have raised their ears like cups to hear the flute. The cause of bewilderment is not just vatsalya bhava towards Krsna, for their calves also, without vatsalya bhava, were bewildered. The calves who had just begun to drink their mothers’ milk, on hearing the flute, perked up their ears to drink that sound also. Not able to drink the udder milk, the milk fell from their open mouths and they stood as if stunned. The cows brought Govinda close with their glances, and through their eyes, they had him enter their hearts. Touching him in their minds (atmani), their minds placed him on their laps out of vatsalya bhava. They then become stunned. Out of bliss tears fell from their eyes. In this way, all living entities had love of Krsna. They are all fortunate to meet Krsna, but we are unfortunate, being separated from him."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Other gopīs speak three verses. First they describe the cows which have maternal affection which is contrary to their mādhurya-bhāva, in order to hide their emotions as previously. However their words are suitable since there is no contradiction with the general affection that mothers show. The word ca means “even.” Even the cows, famous among the people for not being able to distinguish the good from the bad, relish the sound of his flute, which comes from his moon-like mouth endowed with more nectar than billions of moons (which also have nectar). Kṛṣṇa is the intense embodiment of the highest bliss. Sma indicates astonishment. They simply stand, stunned, overcome by sāttvika-bhāva. Govinda indicates their master (lord of the cows). They touch him with affection. Śrīdhara Svāmī accepts the version snuta-stana-payaḥ. The calves have mouthfuls of their mothers’ milk flowing from their mouths. Or, from some of the calves’ mouths the milk from their mothers flows, whereas other calves’ mouths have grass in their mouths (kavalāḥ) which they have been chewing. Their eyes begin to flow with tears which were previously filling their throats. They embrace in their minds, via their eyes, Govinda, or they offer themselves to Govinda in their minds since they cannot see him directly since their eyes are raining (kalāḥ) with tears. Since their eyes are covered with tears, they see him in their minds. We are most unfortunate since we cannot even see him.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Four verses describe the words of another gopī (describing cows, birds, rivers and clouds). Or one can explain the verse as a continuation of what was previously written. In other words as the verses proceed, lesser and lesser individuals are gradually described. Though there should be nothing inferior in Vraja to the women from heaven or spiritual objects (flute or dhāma), because of the colorful motions of prema, they make these verses by selecting certain details (to express their misfortune). There is good fortune for exalted women of heaven. Thus there is also good fortune for the animals, humans and cows who can see Kṛṣṇa. Thus now cows are described. The word ca means “but.” Previously Kṛṣṇa’s moonlike face was described as full of nectar. By mentioning his face, nectar is suggested. Kṛṣṇa has a form of the highest bliss. Therefore there is nectar flowing from the flute song emanating from his moon-like face. Sma indicates astonishment or certainty. They simply stand, stunned, overcome by sāttvika-bhāvas. Govinda indicates their master (lord of the cows). The cows touch him with affection. Even though the calves were with them, the milk stopped flowing from their udders, and even though they had grass in their mouths, they did not chew or swallow, but simply stood there (śāvāsnuta-stana-payaḥ kavalāḥ). The accepted version has śāva. Milk coming from their udders (snuta-stana-payaḥ) out of affection for the Lord as a calf, with grass in their mouths, the cows remain stunned. This is the accepted version. Taking the word śāvāḥ to make a separate statement the meaning is “From some of the calves’ mouths the milk coming from their mothers flowed out, whereas other calves’ mouths have grass in their mouths (kavalāḥ) which they have been chewing.” The cows embrace Govinda in their minds, via their eyes, or they offer themselves to Govinda in their minds since they cannot see him directly since their eyes are raining (kalāḥ) with tears. Since their eyes are covered with tears, they see him in their minds. Or the cows remain standing, touching Govinda by licking him, using their eyes (dṛśā). We are most unfortunate since we cannot touch him. The deer and heavenly women heard the flute and saw his form. The cows simply on hearing the flute developed love. That is the difference between them indicated by the word ca.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)
Related verses

The cows lift their ears like inverted cups to catch the flute, and the calves stop mid-mouthful — milk still on their tongues — drinking instead through their eyes. The Veṇu-gītā's most tender image: prema interrupts even hunger; Govinda has been embraced inside before He has been seen outside.

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