FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.20.30-31

శాద్వలోపరి సంవిశ్య చర్వతో మీలితేక్షణాన్ । తృప్తాన్ వృషాన్ వత్సతరాన్ గాశ్చ స్వోధోభరశ్రమా: ॥ ౩౦ ॥ ప్రావృట్‍‍శ్రియం చ తాం వీక్ష్య సర్వకాలసుఖావహామ్ । భగవాన్ పూజయాం చక్రే ఆత్మశక్త్యుపబృంహితామ్ ॥ ౩౧ ॥
śādvalopari saṁviśya
[shaadvalopari samvishya]
carvato mīlitekṣaṇān
[charvato meelitekshanaan]
tṛptān vṛṣān vatsatarān
[triptaan vrishaan vatsataraan]
gāś ca svodho-bhara-śramāḥ
[gaash cha svodho-bhara-shramaah]
prāvṛṭ-śriyaṁ ca tāṁ vīkṣya
[praavrit-shriyam cha taam veekshya]
sarva-kāla-sukhāvahām
[sarva-kaala-sukhaavahaam]
bhagavān pūjayāṁ cakre
[bhagavaan poojayaam chakre]
ātma-śakty-upabṛṁhitām
[aatma-shakty-upabrimhitaam]
śādvala — a grassy patch upari — upon saṁviśya — sitting carvataḥ — who were grazing mīlita — closed īkṣaṇān — their eyes tṛptān — satisfied vṛṣān — the bulls vatsatarān — the calves gāḥ — the cows ca — and sva — their own ūdhaḥ — of the milk bags bhara — by the weight śramāḥ — fatigued prāvṛṭ — of the rainy season śriyam — the opulence ca — and tām — that vīkṣya — seeing sarva - kāla — always sukha — pleasure āvahām — giving bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead pūjayām cakre — honored ātma - śakti — from His internal potency upabṛṁhitām — expanded .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śādvalopari saṁviśya
śādvala
a grassy patch
carvato mīlitekṣaṇān
tṛptān vṛṣān vatsatarān
gāś ca svodho-bhara-śramāḥ
prāvṛṭ-śriyaṁ ca tāṁ vīkṣya
sarva-kāla-sukhāvahām
bhagavān pūjayāṁ cakre
ātma-śakty-upabṛṁhitām
upari
upon
saṁviśya
sitting
carvataḥ
who were grazing
mīlita
closed
īkṣaṇān
their eyes
tṛptān
satisfied
vṛṣān
the bulls
vatsatarān
the calves
gāḥ
the cows
ca
and
sva
their own
ūdhaḥ
of the milk bags
bhara
by the weight
śramāḥ
fatigued
prāvṛṭ
of the rainy season
śriyam
the opulence
ca
and
tām
that
vīkṣya
seeing
sarva - kāla
always
sukha
pleasure
āvahām
giving
bhagavān
the Supreme Personality of Godhead
pūjayām cakre
honored
ātma - śakti
from His internal potency
upabṛṁhitām
expanded .
  • ātma-śakti-upabṛṁhitām — expanded from His own internal potency
    Compound: ātma (own) + śakti (potency) + upabṛṁhita (expanded). The Gauḍīya doctrine of līlā-śakti in one phrase: the seasons of Vraja are not foreign material but Bhagavān's own internal energy taking outward form. Vraja's monsoon is His; He greets it as His own.
  • sarva-kāla-sukha-āvahām — perennial source of great happiness
    Compound: sarva (all) + kāla (time) + sukha (happiness) + āvaha (bearing). The 'happiness for all time' — because, Gauḍīyas note, Vraja is eternal in Goloka; what looks seasonal is in fact unending.
  • pūjayām cakre — He offered respect
    Periphrastic perfect of √pūj — He performed pūjā. The verb is precise: Bhagavān worships. He pūjās His own potency, modelling for jīvas the gesture even where He alone is the addressee.
  • śādvala-upari — on the green grass
    Compound: śādvala (lawn of new grass) + upari (upon). The exact texture of Vraja's monsoon turf. Gauḍīyas treasure these specifics — the dhāma is detailed, not generic.
  • tṛptān — contented
    From √tṛp — to be satisfied. The bulls are tṛpta — eyes shut, fully fed. The same word names the bhakta's heart when he has had darśana. The grass and the darśana achieve the same internal state.
  • mīlita-īkṣaṇān — with closed eyes
    Compound: mīlita (closed) + īkṣaṇa (eye). The bulls close their eyes from satisfaction — a small image of samādhi in cattle. Gauḍīyas love such a detail: even bovine peace is a face of Kṛṣṇa's mercy.
Lord Kṛṣṇa watched the contented bulls, calves and cows sitting on the green grass and grazing with closed eyes, and He saw that the cows were tired from the burden of their heavy milk bags. Thus observing the beauty and opulence of Vṛndāvana’s rainy season, a perennial source of great happiness, the Lord offered all respect to that season, which was expanded from His own internal potency.

The lush beauty of the rainy season in Vṛndāvana is meant to enhance the pleasure pastimes of Śrī Kṛṣṇa. Thus, to set the scene for the Lord’s loving affairs, His internal potency makes all the arrangements described in this chapter.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Lord Kṛṣṇa watched the contented bulls, calves and cows sitting on the green grass and grazing with closed eyes, and He saw that the cows were tired from the burden of their heavy milk bags. Thus observing the beauty and opulence of Vṛndāvana's rainy season, a perennial source of great happiness, the Lord offered all respect to that season, which was expanded from His own internal potency.
Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

He saw the cows, bulls and calves sitting on green pastures, with eyes closed, ruminating (carvataḥ). The season was surcharged with the hlādini-śakti (ātma-śakti) which made the season qualified for his pastimes. He considered the season proper (pūjayām cakre). unmatta-śikhi-sāraṅge tasmin kāle mahāvane / kṛṣṇarāmau mudāyuktau gopālaiś ceratuḥ saha // kvicid gobhiḥ samaṁ ramyaṁ geya-tāla-ratā bubhau / ceratuḥ kvacid atyarthaṁ śīta-vṛkṣa-talāśritau // kvacit kadaṁba-srak-citrau mayūra-srag-virājitau / viliptau kvacid āsātāṁ vividhair giri-dhātubhiḥ // parṇaśayyāsu saṁsuptau kvacin nidrāntaraiṣiṇau / kvacid garjati jīmūte hāhā-kāra-ravākulau // Surrounded by cowherd boys, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma wandered in the large forest during the monsoon, filled with impassioned peacocks and cātaka birds. Sometimes they would sing as they wandered in the forests made beautiful by the cows. They would sit at the bases of cool trees. They were decorated in kadamba garlands and garlands made of peacock feathers. Sometimes they would decorate themselves with various minerals from the mountains. Sometimes they would sleep on beds made of leaves and after sleep would desire to play again. Sometimes when the clouds rumbled they would shout. Viṣṇu Purāṇa 5.6.44-47

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

He saw the cows ruminating and the beauty of the season. The animals were sitting because they were satisfied (tṛptān). During the monsoon, there was plentiful soft grass everywhere. In one place, in one moment they could fill their stomachs. The word ca indicates the whole group. They sat near Kṛṣṇa. The cows also sat because their udders were full. The cows and bulls are mentioned because they were in the majority, but buffalos were also present. He saw the beauty of the monsoon with the forests, which was previously described (tām). Or he saw the beauty of the monsoon which was indescribable (tām). Beauty of the monsoon means beauty of the forest, deer and buffaloes in the monsoon season. Megha-prṣṭhe balākānāṁ rarāja vimalā tatiḥ Durvṛtter vṛtta-ceṣṭeva kulīnasyātiśobhanā A spotless line of cranes shone on the surface of a cloud. The well-bred were splendid and the wicked were futile in their actions. Viṣṇu Purāṇa The monsoon season was filled with the Lord’ṣ śakti in the form of time. This made it different. Time serves the Lord. Or though it was filled with his own powers (ātma-śakty-upabṛṁhitām) he praised it with affection (pūjayām cakre) or thought it excellent, because it gave happiness to all beings continuously. Instead of sukha sometimes mudā is seen with the same meaning. Or one may worry that the swans would be suffering. The season was endowed with the Lord’s power so that even they were happy. Other pastimes are described by Parāśara: unmatta-śikhi-sāraṅge tasmin kāle mahāvane / kṛṣṇarāmau mudāyuktau gopālaiś ceratuḥ saha // kvicid gobhiḥ samaṁ ramyaṁ geya-tāla-ratā bubhau / ceratuḥ kvacid atyarthaṁ śīta-vṛkṣa-talāśritau // kvacit kadaṁba-srak-citrau mayūra-srag-virājitau / viliptau kvacid āsātāṁ vividhair giri-dhātubhiḥ // parṇaśayyāsu saṁsuptau kvacin nidrāntaraiṣiṇau / kvacid garjati jīmūte hāhā-kāra-ravākulau // Surrounded by cowherd boys, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma wandered in the large forest during the monsoon, filled with impassioned peacocks and cātaka birds. Sometimes they would sing as they wandered in the forests made beautiful by the cows. They would sit at the bases of cool trees. They were decorated with kadamba garlands and garlands made of peacock feathers. Sometimes they would decorate themselves with various minerals from the mountains. Sometimes they would sleep on beds made of leaves and after sleep would desire to play again. Sometimes when the clouds rumbled they would shout. Viṣṇu Purāṇa 5.6.44-47

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Asteya (Non-stealing / Honesty)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses

Kṛṣṇa, watching contented bulls graze with closed eyes and cows tired by milk-weight, offers respect to the very rainy season — for it is His own internal potency expanded outward. The verse is the chapter's deep secret: He worships His own śakti. The world is not external to Him; ātma-śakti is what He sees, and He bows to it.

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