Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.17.1
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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katham
—
why, how
The interrogative that powers the entire Bhāgavatam. Parīkṣit's katham is not idle curiosity; it is the śravaṇa-bhakta's hunger to know more of the Lord. The text moves forward only because a devotee keeps asking.
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nāga-ālayam
—
the abode of the serpents
Compound: nāga (serpent) + ālayam (abode). Ramaṇaka-dvīpa, the serpents' rightful home. The verse foregrounds the displacement — Kāliya is in the Yamunā precisely because he is no longer where he belongs.
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ramaṇakam
—
the island named Ramaṇaka
From √ram, 'to delight.' Even the serpents have a delight-place ordained by the Lord; Kāliya's tragedy is leaving the place where his nature could be at ease. A quiet doctrinal note: every jīva has a Bhagavān-given station.
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suparṇasya
—
of Garuḍa
Genitive of su-parṇa, 'beautiful-winged.' Viṣṇu's eternal carrier and intimate associate (pārṣada). Gauḍīyas read Garuḍa's hostility not as random predation but as the Lord's own associate enforcing dharma against the offender.
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asamañjasam
—
enmity, impropriety
Literally 'not-fitting-together' — an out-of-joint situation. Parīkṣit is asking what cosmic dis-fit drove Kāliya from his ordained ālaya into the wrong waters. The word names a moral asymmetry that the chapter will explain.
The seventeen chapter relates the reasons for Kaliya’s fear of Garuda, the curse of Saubari on Garuda, how Krsna rejoined the cowherd men and women and then, in the evening, rescued the boys from a forest fire.
Hearing of the safety of Vraja by showing the praise of Kṛṣṇa at the completion of the pastimes, Parīkṣit, pleased and in sober condition, asks about the previous history for producing excellence in the story. The snake’s place on the island was their natural habitat, not that of Garuḍa. Many other snakes lived there. “It was previously said that Kāliya left in fear of Garuḍa.” What did he do to Garuḍa? The word vā indicates inquiry.
Parīkṣit was pleased and relieved on hearing that the Lord was safe and that he had given mercy to Kāliya. But there was some reason why the snake left his place out of fear of Garuḍā and took shelter of Vṛndāvana. Parīkṣit asks out of curiosity about another story in order to understand why wicked Kāliya took shelter of a great holy place. The snake’s place on the island was their natural habitat, not that of Garuḍa. Many other snakes lived there. For what other reason (kiṁvā) did he take shelter of the Yamunā in Vṛndāvana? All the other snakes were afraid of Garuḍa. Why did Kāliya especially fear Garuḍa? The word vā indicates inquiry. Please explain this. śrī-śuka uvāca upahāryaiḥ sarpa-janair māsi māsīha yo baliḥ vānaspatyo mahā-bāho nāgānāṁ prāṅ-nirūpitaḥ svaṁ svaṁ bhāgaṁ prayacchanti nāgāḥ parvaṇi parvaṇi gopīthāyātmanaḥ sarve suparṇāya mahātmane śrī-śukaḥ uvāca—Śukadeva Gosvāmī said; upahāryaiḥ—who were qualified to make offerings; sarpa-janaiḥ—by the serpent race; māsi māsi—each month; iha—here (in Nāgālaya); yaḥ—which; baliḥ—offering of tribute; vānaspatyaḥ—at the base of a tree; mahā-bāho—O mighty-armed Parīkṣit; nāgānām—for the serpents; prāk—previously; nirūpitaḥ—ordained; svam svam—each his own; bhāgam—portion; prayacchanti—they present; nāgāḥ—the serpents; parvaṇi parvaṇi—once each month; gopīthāya—for the protection; ātmanaḥ—of themselves; sarve—all of them; suparṇāya—to Garuḍa; mahā-ātmane—the powerful .
When the heart sees Bhagavān chastise a fearsome serpent and then dance on its hoods, the natural next question is, 'But Lord, how did this snake come to my Yamunā in the first place?' Parīkṣit Mahārāja's inquiry is the model: hearing kṛṣṇa-līlā breeds more longing to hear, not less. Each pastime opens a door onto the next.
Cursed to die in seven days by the snake-bird Takṣaka, King Parīkṣit fasted on the bank of the Gaṅgā and asked only for hari-kathā. Sūta later records that Parīkṣit's questions are themselves the doorways of the Bhāgavatam — every chapter break is his hunger asking, 'And what happened next?'
Gauḍīyas treat his śravaṇa as the paradigm: a soul facing the snake of mortality has no use for anything but kṛṣṇa-kathā, and each answer breeds a finer question.
My note
Source: vedabase.io