FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 5.13.1

బ్రాహ్మణ ఉవాచ దురత్యయేఽధ్వన్యజయా నివేశితో రజస్తమ:సత్త్వవిభక్తకర్మద‍ృక్ । స ఏష సార్థోఽర్థపర: పరిభ్రమన్ భవాటవీం యాతి న శర్మ విన్దతి ॥ ౧ ॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca
[braahmana uvaacha]
duratyaye ’dhvany ajayā niveśito
[duratyaye ’dhvany ajayaa niveshito]
rajas-tamaḥ-sattva-vibhakta-karmadṛk
[rajas-tamah-sattva-vibhakta-karmadrik]
sa eṣa sārtho ’rtha-paraḥ paribhraman
[sa esha saartho ’rtha-parah paribhraman]
bhavāṭavīṁ yāti na śarma vindati
[bhavaataveem yaati na sharma vindati]
Word-for-word
brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca — the brāhmaṇa Jaḍa Bharata continued to speak duratyaye — which is very difficult to traverse adhvani — on the path of fruitive activities (performing actions in this life, creating a body in the next life by those actions, and in this way continuously accepting birth and death) ajayā — by māyā, the external energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead niveśitaḥ — caused to enter rajaḥ-tamaḥ-sattva-vibhakta-karma-dṛk — a conditioned soul who sees only immediately beneficial fruitive activities and their results, which are divided into three groups by the modes of goodness, passion and ignorance saḥ — he eṣaḥ — this sa-arthaḥ — the living entity falsely seeking sense gratification artha-paraḥ — intent upon gaining wealth paribhraman — wandering all over bhava-aṭavīm — the forest known as bhava, which means the repetition of birth and death yāti — enters na — not śarma — happiness vindati — obtains.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
brāhmaṇa uvāca
brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca
the brāhmaṇa Jaḍa Bharata continued to speak
duratyaye ’dhvany ajayā niveśito
duratyaye
which is very difficult to traverse
rajas-tamaḥ-sattva-vibhakta-karmadṛk
adhvani
on the path of fruitive activities (performing actions in this life, creating a body in the next life by those actions, and in this way continuously accepting birth and death)
ajayā
by māyā, the external energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead
niveśitaḥ
caused to enter
sa eṣa sārtho ’rtha-paraḥ paribhraman
rajaḥ-tamaḥ-sattva-vibhakta-karma-dṛk
a conditioned soul who sees only immediately beneficial fruitive activities and their results, which are divided into three groups by the modes of goodness, passion and ignorance
bhavāṭavīṁ yāti na śarma vindati
saḥ
he
eṣaḥ
this
sa-arthaḥ
the living entity falsely seeking sense gratification
artha-paraḥ
intent upon gaining wealth
paribhraman
wandering all over
bhava-aṭavīm
the forest known as bhava, which means the repetition of birth and death
yāti
enters
na
not
śarma
happiness
vindati
obtains.
Jaḍa Bharata, who had fully realized Brahman, continued: My dear King Rahūgaṇa, the living entity wanders on the path of the material world, which is very difficult for him to traverse, and he accepts repeated birth and death. Being captivated by the material world under the influence of the three modes of material nature (sattva-guṇa, rajo-guṇa and tamo-guṇa), the living entity can see only the three fruits of activities under the spell of material nature. These fruits are auspicious, inauspicious and mixed. He thus becomes attached to religion, economic development, sense gratification and the monistic theory of liberation (merging with the Supreme). He works very hard day and night exactly like a merchant who enters a forest to acquire some articles to sell later for profit. However, he cannot really achieve happiness within this material world.
Purport

One can very easily understand how difficult and insurmountable the path of sense gratification is. Not knowing what the path of sense gratification is, one becomes implicated in the repetition of birth and accepts different types of bodies again and again. Thus one suffers in material existence. In this life one may think that he is very happy being an American, Indian, Englishman or German, but in the next life one has to accept another body among 8,400,000 species. The next body has to be immediately accepted according to karma. One will be forced to accept a certain type of body, and protesting will not help. That is the stringent law of nature. Due to the living entity’s ignorance of his eternal blissful life, he becomes attracted to material activities under the spell of māyā. In this world, he can never experience happiness, yet he works very hard to do so. This is called māyā.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Jaḍa Bharata said: The merchant who sees only obligation to scriptural actions divided into rajas, tamas and sattva, who, out of ignorance, is fixed on the path of material enjoyment, difficult to cross, and who is absorbed in material acquisition, while wandering about, comes to the forest of material life but cannot enjoy happiness. In the Thirteenth Chapter, by describing the forest of the material world, Bharata puts the King on the horse of detachment so that the King will cross over it. The last verse of the previous chapter mentioned crossing over material life. What is that path and what is the traveler on the path? This chapter answers. He sees the activities divided into tamas, rajas and sattva as obligatory because of ignorance (ajayā) on the difficult to cross path of pravṛtti-marga (adhvani). Sārthaḥ is well known as a wealthy merchant. Medinī says sārtho vaṇika-samūhe syāt: sārtha means a gathering of merchants. All the jīvas in the world are like merchants, interested in material acquisition (artha-paraḥ). The explanation of all these terms will be given in the next chapter. However to make understanding easier, some explanation is given here.
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Source: vedabase.io

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