FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 4.29.76-77

యథా తృణజలూకేయం నాపయాత్యపయాతి చ । న త్యజేన్మ్రియమాణోఽపి ప్రాగ్దేహాభిమతిం జన: ॥ ౭౬ ॥ యావదన్యం న విన్దేత వ్యవధానేన కర్మణామ్ । మన ఏవ మనుష్యేన్ద్ర భూతానాం భవభావనమ్ ॥ ౭౭ ॥
yathā tṛṇa-jalūkeyaṁ
[yathaa trina-jalookeyam]
nāpayāty apayāti ca
[naapayaaty apayaati cha]
na tyajen mriyamāṇo ’pi
[na tyajen mriyamaano ’pi]
prāg-dehābhimatiṁ janaḥ
[praag-dehaabhimatim janah]
yāvad anyaṁ na vindeta
[yaavad anyam na vindeta]
vyavadhānena karmaṇām
[vyavadhaanena karmanaam]
mana eva manuṣyendra
[mana eva manushyendra]
bhūtānāṁ bhava-bhāvanam
[bhootaanaam bhava-bhaavanam]
yathā — as tṛṇa-jalūkā — caterpillar iyam — this na apayāti — does not go apayāti — goes ca — also na — not tyajet — gives up mriyamāṇaḥ — at the point of death api — even prāk — former deha — with the body abhimatim — identification janaḥ — a person yāvat — so long as anyam — another na — not vindeta — obtains vyavadhānena — by the termination karmaṇām — of fruitive activities manaḥ — the mind eva — certainly manuṣya-indra — O ruler of men bhūtānām — of all living entities bhava — of material existence bhāvanam — the cause.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
yathā tṛṇa-jalūkeyaṁ
yathā
as
tṛṇa-jalūkā
caterpillar
nāpayāty apayāti ca
na tyajen mriyamāṇo ’pi
iyam
this
prāg-dehābhimatiṁ janaḥ
na apayāti
does not go
apayāti
goes
ca
also
yāvad anyaṁ na vindeta
na
not
tyajet
gives up
mriyamāṇaḥ
at the point of death
api
even
prāk
former
deha
with the body
vyavadhānena karmaṇām
mana eva manuṣyendra
bhūtānāṁ bhava-bhāvanam
abhimatim
identification
janaḥ
a person
yāvat
so long as
anyam
another
na
not
vindeta
obtains
vyavadhānena
by the termination
karmaṇām
of fruitive activities
manaḥ
the mind
eva
certainly
manuṣya-indra
O ruler of men
bhūtānām
of all living entities
bhava
of material existence
bhāvanam
the cause.
The caterpillar transports itself from one leaf to another by capturing one leaf before giving up the other. Similarly, according to his previous work, the living entity must capture another body before giving up the one he has. This is because the mind is the reservoir of all kinds of desires.

A living entity too much absorbed in material activity becomes very much attracted to the material body. Even at the point of death, he thinks of his present body and the relatives connected to it. Thus he remains fully absorbed in the bodily conception of life, so much so that even at the point of death he abhors leaving his present body. Sometimes it is found that a person on the verge of death remains in a coma for many days before giving up the body. This is common among so-called leaders and politicians who think that without their presence the entire country and all society will be in chaos. This is called māyā. Political leaders do not like to leave their political posts, and they either have to be shot by an enemy or obliged to leave by the arrival of death. By superior arrangement a living entity is offered another body, but because of his attraction to the present body, he does not like to transfer himself to another body. Thus he is forced to accept another body by the laws of nature:

prakṛteḥ kriyamāṇāni guṇaiḥ karmāṇi sarvaśaḥ ahaṅkāra-vimūḍhātmā kartāham iti manyate

“The bewildered spirit soul, under the influence of the three modes of material nature, thinks himself the doer of activities that are in actuality carried out by nature.” ( Bg. 3.27 )

Material nature is very strong, and the material modes force one to accept another body. This force is visible when the living entity transmigrates from a superior body to an inferior one. One who acts like a dog or hog in the present body will certainly be forced to accept the body of a dog or hog in the next life. A person may be enjoying the body of a prime minister or a president, but when he understands that he will be forced to accept the body of a dog or hog, he chooses not to leave the present body. Therefore he lies in a coma many days before death. This has been experienced by many politicians at the time of death. The conclusion is that the next body is already determined by superior control. The living entity immediately gives up the present body and enters another. Sometimes in the present body the living entity feels that many of his desires and imaginations are not fulfilled. Those who are overly attracted to their life situation are forced to remain in a ghostly body and are not allowed to accept another gross body. Even in the body of a ghost, they create disturbances for neighbors and relatives. The mind is the prime cause of such a situation. According to one’s mind, different types of bodies are generated, and one is forced to accept them. As confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā (8.6) :

yaṁ yaṁ vāpi smaran bhāvaṁ tyajaty ante kalevaram taṁ tam evaiti kaunteya sadā tad-bhāva-bhāvitaḥ

“Whatever state of being one remembers when he quits his body, that state he will attain without fail.” Within one’s body and mind, one can think as either a dog or a god, and the next life is offered to him accordingly. This is explained in Bhagavad-gītā (13.22) :

puruṣaḥ prakṛti-stho hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijān guṇān kāraṇaṁ guṇa-saṅgo ’sya sad-asad-yoni-janmasu

“The living entity in material nature thus follows the ways of life, enjoying the three modes of nature. This is due to his association with that material nature. Thus he meets with good and evil among various species.” The living entity may transmigrate to either a superior or inferior body according to his association with the modes of material nature. If he associates with the mode of ignorance, he gets the body of an animal or an inferior man, but if he associates with the mode of goodness or passion, he gets a body accordingly. This is also confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā (14.18) :

ūrdhvaṁ gacchanti sattva-sthā madhye tiṣṭhanti rājasāḥ jaghanya-guṇa-vṛtti-sthā adho gacchanti tāmasāḥ

“Those situated in the mode of goodness gradually go upward to the higher planets; those in the mode of passion live on the earthly planets; and those in the mode of ignorance go down to the hellish worlds.”

The root cause of one’s association is the mind. This great Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is the greatest boon to human society because it is teaching everyone to think always of Kṛṣṇa by executing devotional service. In this way, at the end of life one may be transferred to the association of Kṛṣṇa. This is technically called nitya-līlā-praviṣṭa, entering into the planet Goloka Vṛndāvana. Bhagavad-gītā (18.55) explains:

bhaktyā mām abhijānāti yāvān yaś cāsmi tattvataḥ tato māṁ tattvato jṣātvā viśate tad anantaram

“One can understand the Supreme Personality as He is only by devotional service. And when one is in full consciousness of the Supreme Lord by such devotion, he can enter into the kingdom of God.” After the mind is completely absorbed in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, one can enter the planet known as Goloka Vṛndāvana. To enter the association of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one has to understand Kṛṣṇa. The process of understanding Kṛṣṇa is devotional service. After understanding Kṛṣṇa as He is, one can become eligible to enter Kṛṣṇaloka and associate with Him. The mind is the cause of such an exalted position. The mind can also get one a body like those of dogs and hogs. To absorb the mind always in Kṛṣṇa consciousness is therefore the greatest perfection of human life.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Just as a caterpillar does not give up one leaf while moving to the next leaf, the jīva does not give up his previous identity even while dying, until he accepts another body by firmly holding his karmas. O King of men! The mind of living beings is the cause of repeated birth. There is no cessation of false identity at the moment between rejecting one body and accepting another. The caterpillar does not give up one leaf while traveling to the next. Holding firmly the karmas which decide the next body (karmanām vyavadhānena), he accepts another body. The topic is then summarized. Bhava-bhāvanam means “cause of saṁsāra.”
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