Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 3.1.28
కచ్చిద్వరూథాధిపతిర్యదూనాం
ప్రద్యుమ్న ఆస్తే సుఖమఙ్గ వీర: ।
యం రుక్మిణీ భగవతోఽభిలేభే
ఆరాధ్య విప్రాన్ స్మరమాదిసర్గే ॥ ౨౮ ॥
kaccid varūthādhipatir yadūnāṁ
[kachchid varoothaadhipatir yadoonaam]
pradyumna āste sukham aṅga vīraḥ
[pradyumna aaste sukham anga veerah]
yaṁ rukmiṇī bhagavato ’bhilebhe
[yam rukminee bhagavato ’bhilebhe]
ārādhya viprān smaram ādi-sarge
[aaraadhya vipraan smaram aadi-sarge]
Word-for-word
kaccit
—
whether
varūtha
—
of the military
adhipatiḥ
—
commander in chief
yadūnām
—
of the Yadus
pradyumnaḥ
—
the son of Kṛṣṇa named Pradyumna
āste
—
is
sukham
—
happy
aṅga
—
O Uddhava
vīraḥ
—
the great warrior
yam
—
whom
rukmiṇī
—
the wife of Kṛṣṇa named Rukmiṇī
bhagavataḥ
—
from the Personality of Godhead
abhilebhe
—
got as a prize
ārādhya
—
pleasing
viprān
—
brāhmaṇas
smaram
—
Cupid (Kāmadeva)
ādi-sarge
—
in his previous life.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
kaccid varūthādhipatir yadūnāṁ
kaccit
whether
varūtha
of the military
adhipatiḥ
commander in chief
yadūnām
of the Yadus
pradyumna āste sukham aṅga vīraḥ
pradyumnaḥ
the son of Kṛṣṇa named Pradyumna
āste
is
sukham
happy
aṅga
O Uddhava
vīraḥ
the great warrior
yaṁ rukmiṇī bhagavato ’bhilebhe
yam
whom
rukmiṇī
the wife of Kṛṣṇa named Rukmiṇī
bhagavataḥ
from the Personality of Godhead
abhilebhe
got as a prize
ārādhya viprān smaram ādi-sarge
ārādhya
pleasing
viprān
brāhmaṇas
smaram
Cupid (Kāmadeva)
ādi-sarge
in his previous life.
O Uddhava, please tell me, How is Pradyumna, the commander in chief of the Yadus, who was Cupid in a former life? Rukmiṇī bore him as her son from Lord Kṛṣṇa, by the grace of brāhmaṇas whom she pleased.
Purport
According to Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī, Smara (Cupid, or Kāmadeva) is one of the eternal associates of Lord Kṛṣṇa. Jīva Gosvāmī has explained this very elaborately in his treatise Kṛṣṇa-sandarbha.
— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura
Gauḍīya
Translation
O Uddhava! How is the brave Pradyumna, commander of the Yadus whom Rukmiṇī obtained from the Lord after worshiping the brāhmaṇas, and who was Cupid in his previous birth.
Because of his emotions, Vidura does not ask this question in proper order (since he was younger). The leader of the troops (varuthādhipatiḥ) was in his previous birth Kāmadeva (smaram). Since Kāmadeva is a devatā and Pradyumna is acting as a human, the statement is meant as praise. However the real truth is different. Kāmadeva is Pradyumna’s vibhūti or expansion. Later in the text also, many expansions are described as equal to the Lord in telling various stories. For instance Vasudeva and Devakī are identified with Pṛśnī and Sutapā by the Lord himself. Tvam eva pūrva-sarge ’bhūḥ pṛśniḥ svāyambhuve sati: you were previously Pṛśni in Svāyambhuva’s time. (SB 10.32) This however is stated only to create astonishment within the human pastimes. Similarly in the present verse, the statement that previously Pradyumna was Kāmadeva and in verse 30 the statement that Jāmbavatī performed austerities to get Kārtikeya as her son cannot be taken literally since Jāmbavatī and Rukmiṇī are the svarūpa-śakti of the Lord, and do not need to perform sādhana to get devatās as their sons.
Related lectures
My note
Source: vedabase.io