FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 11.8.41

సంసారకూపే పతితం విషయైర్ముషితేక్షణమ్ । గ్రస్తం కాలాహినాత్మానం కోఽన్యస్త్రాతుమధీశ్వర: ॥ ౪౧ ॥
saṁsāra-kūpe patitaṁ
[samsaara-koope patitam]
viṣayair muṣitekṣaṇam
[vishayair mushitekshanam]
grastaṁ kālāhinātmānaṁ
[grastam kaalaahinaatmaanam]
ko ’nyas trātum adhīśvaraḥ
[ko ’nyas traatum adheeshvarah]
Word-for-word
saṁsāra — material existence kūpe — in the dark well patitam — fallen viṣayaiḥ — by sense gratification muṣita — stolen away īkṣaṇam — vision grastam — seized kāla — of time ahinā — by the serpent ātmānam — the living entity kaḥ — who anyaḥ — else trātum — is capable of delivering adhīśvaraḥ — the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
saṁsāra-kūpe patitaṁ
saṁsāra
material existence
kūpe
in the dark well
patitam
fallen
viṣayair muṣitekṣaṇam
viṣayaiḥ
by sense gratification
muṣita
stolen away
īkṣaṇam
vision
grastaṁ kālāhinātmānaṁ
grastam
seized
kāla
of time
ahinā
by the serpent
ātmānam
the living entity
kaḥ
who
anyaḥ
else
ko ’nyas trātum adhīśvaraḥ
trātum
is capable of delivering
adhīśvaraḥ
the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
The intelligence of the living entity is stolen away by activities of sense gratification, and thus he falls into the dark well of material existence. Within that well he is then seized by the deadly serpent of time. Who else but the Supreme Personality of Godhead could save the poor living entity from such a hopeless condition?
Purport

Piṅgalā stated in a previous verse that even the demigods are unable to give actual happiness to a woman. One may question who has authorized this lady to reject even such exalted personalities as Brahmā, Śiva and the other demigods. The answer given here is that if one actually wants to solve all the problems of life and go back home, back to Godhead, then the only solution is to take shelter of the lotus feet of the Lord. It is well known that the demigods themselves are subject to birth and death. As stated by Lord Śiva himself, mukti-pradātā sarveṣāṁ viṣṇur eva na saṁśayaḥ: “There is no doubt that Viṣṇu is the deliverer of liberation for everyone.”

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Who else but the Supreme Lord can save the living entity who has fallen into the well of saṁsāra, has become blinded by sense objects and has been devoured by the snake of time? “Why are you so eager to give up worshipping the devatās for Viṣṇu?” This verse answers.
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Sense gratification blinds us, time devours us, and we lie helpless at the bottom of saṁsāra's well — only Kṛṣṇa can lift us out.
Practical Applications
  • Name the one viṣaya that most reliably steals your intelligence this week — food, screen, ambition, fantasy — and refuse it once today as a deliberate offering to Kṛṣṇa.
  • Each morning, before reaching for the phone, speak aloud: 'I am in the well; Kṛṣṇa alone is my adhīśvara,' and let that frame the day's first hour.
  • When the fear of aging, illness, or wasted years rises, do not bargain with demigods of career or health — turn directly to Kṛṣṇa's name and chant for ten minutes.
Reflection Questions
  • Which sense-object has so quietly 'stolen my eyes' that I no longer even notice I have fallen into the well — and what would it cost me to see again?
  • When the serpent of kāla tightens around something I love, do I still run to lesser shelters first, and what does that habit reveal about my actual faith in Kṛṣṇa as adhīśvara?
For Each Age Group
youth
  • Pick the one app or feed that most reliably 'steals your eyes' before exams or sleep, and uninstall or time-lock it today — name it aloud as the viṣaya it is.
  • When peer pressure pushes you toward a relationship, party, or identity that promises rescue from loneliness, pause and ask: is this a hand from outside the well, or another wall inside it?
  • Choose one daily anchor — sixteen minutes of japa, a Bhāgavatam verse, or a morning maṅgala-ārati audio — and hold it even when friends, deadlines, and FOMO say you cannot spare the time.
householder
  • Before the next big family decision — school, house, job change — sit quietly and check whether you are seeking Kṛṣṇa's shelter or merely a better arrangement of the well's furniture.
  • Audit one recurring expense or commitment driven by viṣaya (status food, status schooling, status vacations) and redirect part of that money or time toward devotional service this month.
  • Speak with your spouse this week about the serpent of kāla — aging parents, your own mortality, the children's eventual departure — and agree on one concrete sādhana you will protect together.
senior
  • Take inventory of the shelters you have leaned on across decades — career, health, reputation, even family — and write down which of them the serpent of kāla has already begun to swallow.
  • Mentor one younger person this month not by giving worldly advice but by quietly showing them what it looks like to take Kṛṣṇa as adhīśvara when the body is no longer cooperating.
  • Each night, before sleep, rehearse leaving the body with Kṛṣṇa's name on the tongue — treat sleep as a small dress rehearsal for the final exit from the well.
Common Pitfalls
  • Treating the well of saṁsāra as a place to be redecorated rather than escaped — using bhakti to make material life smoother instead of to get out.
  • Approaching demigods, gurus, therapists, or self-help systems as the actual rescuers, with Kṛṣṇa kept as a vague backup who endorses our other shelters.
  • Hearing 'who else but Kṛṣṇa can save' as poetic exaggeration rather than a literal diagnosis of our hopelessness without Him.
Discussion Prompts
  • Share with your partner: what is the specific viṣaya that most often 'muṣita-īkṣaṇam' — steals your seeing — and how do you know it has happened only in hindsight?
  • Piṅgalā rejected even Brahmā and Śiva as ultimate shelters. Where in your life are you still holding out hope that a high-status human, institution, or system will finally rescue you?
  • Discuss honestly: is the image of saṁsāra as a dark well with a serpent of time too dramatic for modern life, or is its drama exactly what we have learned to numb ourselves to?
Role Play

One student plays a successful 45-year-old who has just received a serious medical diagnosis and is frantically researching specialists, supplements, and second opinions. The other plays a Vaiṣṇava friend who must, without dismissing the medical effort, gently apply this verse — naming the well, the serpent of kāla, and the one adhīśvara — in language the patient can actually hear. Swap roles and try again with a different scenario: a parent whose child has drifted into addiction.

Objections & Responses
  • Calling material life a 'dark well' is depressive and life-denying. My life has real joys — family, work, beauty — and this verse seems to dismiss all of it.
    The verse does not deny that the well has flickers of pleasure; it denies that those flickers add up to rescue. The serpent of kāla swallows every joy you have ever had, including the ones you are defending right now. Kṛṣṇa-bhakti does not erase love of family, work, or beauty — it relocates them, so that the same affections become rungs of the ladder out instead of decorations inside the well.
  • Why only Kṛṣṇa? Surely sincere people in other traditions, or even good therapy and ethical living, can lift a person out of suffering without invoking a specific Personality of Godhead.
    We are not saying other shelters give zero relief — we are saying they cannot deliver from birth, death, and time, which is what this verse is actually about. Lord Śiva himself declares mukti-pradātā sarveṣāṁ viṣṇur eva na saṁśayaḥ. The personalism is not sectarianism; it is precision. A well needs someone outside the well with hands, not a philosophy circulating inside it.
📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

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