FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 11.20.2

వర్ణాశ్రమవికల్పం చ ప్రతిలోమానులోమజమ్ । ద్రవ్యదేశవయ:కాలాన్ స్వర్గం నరకమేవ చ ॥ ౨ ॥
varṇāśrama-vikalpaṁ ca
[varnaashrama-vikalpam cha]
pratilomānulomajam
[pratilomaanulomajam]
dravya-deśa-vayaḥ-kālān
[dravya-desha-vayah-kaalaan]
svargaṁ narakam eva ca
[svargam narakam eva cha]
varṇa-āśrama — of the varṇāśrama system vikalpam — the variety of superior and inferior positions created by piety and sin ca — and pratiloma — birth in a mixed family wherein the father is inferior in social status to the mother anuloma-jam — birth in a mixed family in which the father is superior in social status to the mother dravya — material objects or possessions deśa — the place vayaḥ — one’s age kālān — the time svargam — heaven narakam — hell eva — indeed ca — also.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
varṇāśrama-vikalpaṁ ca
varṇa-āśrama
of the varṇāśrama system
vikalpam
the variety of superior and inferior positions created by piety and sin
ca
and
pratilomānulomajam
pratiloma
birth in a mixed family wherein the father is inferior in social status to the mother
anuloma-jam
birth in a mixed family in which the father is superior in social status to the mother
dravya-deśa-vayaḥ-kālān
dravya
material objects or possessions
deśa
the place
vayaḥ
one’s age
kālān
the time
svargaṁ narakam eva ca
svargam
heaven
narakam
hell
eva
indeed
ca
also.
According to Vedic literature, the superior and inferior varieties found in the human social system, varṇāśrama, are due to pious and sinful modes of family planning. Thus piety and sin are constant points of reference in the Vedic analysis of the components of a given situation — namely the material ingredients, place, age and time. Indeed, the Vedas reveal the existence of material heaven and hell, which are certainly based on piety and sin.

Pratiloma indicates the combination of a superior woman with an inferior man. For example, the vaidehaka community consists of those born of a śūdra father and brāhmaṇa mother, whereas the sūtas are those born from a kṣatriya father and a brāhmaṇa mother or from a śūdra father and kṣatriya mother. Anuloma indicates those born from a superior father and inferior mother. The mūrdhāvasikta are those born of a brāhmaṇa father and kṣatriya mother. Ambaṣṭhas are those born from a brāhmaṇa father and vaiśya mother, and they often become medical men. Karaṇa indicates those born of a vaiśya father and śūdra mother or of a kṣatriya father and vaiśya mother. That such mixing of castes is not very much appreciated in the Vedic culture is demonstrated in the First Chapter of Bhagavad-gītā. Arjuna was very worried that the death of so many kṣatriyas on the battlefield would lead to the mixing of superior women with inferior men, and on those grounds he objected to fighting. In any case, the entire Vedic social system is based on distinguishing between piety and sin, and Śrī Uddhava is encouraging the Lord to explain more elaborately His statement that one should transcend both piety and sin.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Differences in varṇa and āśrama give rise to bad or good, such as pratiloma and anuloma marriages. There is consideration of good and bad objects, places, ages and times. Svarga is considered good and hell is considered bad. The differences of varṇa and āśrama indicate the good and bad qualities. Pratiloma means a person such as suta or vaidehaka, born from women of superior varṇa and man of inferior varṇa. Anuloma means a person such as ambastha or karaṇa born from a man of superior varṇa and woman of lower varṇa. There are also superior or inferior considerations for objects. Svarga is considered good and hell is considered bad.
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