Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.72.22
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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svaraiḥ
—
by their voices
Instrumental plural. The kṣatriya voice — deep, controlled, accustomed to command — does not match the brāhmaṇa's recitation pitch. The first tell.
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ākṛtibhiḥ
—
by their bodily statures
Instrumental plural. Ākṛti — physical bearing. Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, Bhīma carry kṣatriya bodies trained for combat; brāhmaṇa robes cannot hide muscle and stance.
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jyā-hataiḥ
—
imprinted by bowstrings
Compound instrumental. The bowstring leaves a permanent callus on the inside of the forearm — a kṣatriya's tattoo. Jarāsandha sees it and knows.
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dṛṣṭa-pūrvān
—
previously seen
Compound accusative. He has glimpsed them before — perhaps at Mathurā, perhaps at Rukmiṇī's svayaṁvara. The detail anchors the suspense: he begins to remember.
The ācāryas point out that Jarāsandha had seen Lord Kṛṣṇa, Bhīmasena and Arjuna at Draupadī’s svayaṁvara ceremony. Since they had come begging in the guise of brāhmaṇas, Jarāsandha thought they must be low-class kṣatriyas, as indicated here by the word rājanya-bandhūn.
By the calluses on the forearms caused by drawing the bowstring (jya hatair), as well as their deep voices and strong stature, he recognized them as ksatriyas or rather low class ksatriyas, since they were begging in disguise as brahmanas, who he had seen before, at the svayam vara of Draupadi.
Their voices were deep. They tried to perfect their disguise but hiding their physical features was beyond their control. Their bodies were beautiful, strong, muscular and erect. As he heard the voice, then saw their forms and then saw the bow marks, successively Jarāsandha became more and more convinced that they were not brāhmaṇas. He saw them as fallen kṣatriyas since they were disguising themselves as brāhmaṇas and begging. This is explained later.
A blacksmith recognises another blacksmith by the calluses on his palms. Jarāsandha's eye runs over forearms scarred by bowstrings, voices pitched to command, statures hardened by training — and he reads kṣatriyatva through the brāhmaṇical robes. The disguise was only ever for protocol, not for camouflage.
My note
Source: vedabase.io