Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.44.24-25
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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talena
—
with the palm
Instrumental of tala — the open palm. Balarāma does not need a fist; an open palm is enough. Cf. talāṅka — Balarāma's flag bears the palm-tree (tāla) emblem; the palm is His signature.
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rudhiram udvaman
—
vomiting blood
Compound clause: rudhira (blood) + ud + √vam (to vomit up). The classical Bhāgavata sign of fatal internal injury — used also of Pūtanā (SB 10.6) and of Kaṁsa's brothers (this chapter). Demoniac death has a consistent vocabulary.
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aṅghripaḥ
—
a tree (lit. 'foot-drinker')
Compound: aṅghri (foot, root) + pa (drinker). The Sanskrit poetic term for tree — that which drinks through its feet. The verse's simile (vāta-āhataḥ aṅghripaḥ — 'a tree felled by the wind') is the classical figure for sudden death: a tree that looked rooted, dropped by air. The wrestler's ground turns out to have been the Lord's tolerance.
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balabhadreṇa
—
by Balabhadra (Balarāma)
Name-compound: bala (strength) + bhadra (auspicious). The strength-giver, the auspicious-strong. The wrestler whose name is Muṣṭika (fist) is killed by the Lord whose name is Strength-Itself. The naming is theological.
Balarama struch Mustika with his palm and mustka fell on the earth (uvi upasthe). Also Balarama crushed him with his embrace and uttered foul words as he lay dying.
Muṣṭika struck Balarāma with his fist, but was then struck by Balarāma’s strong palm. Balabhadram balocchrayāt: he was called Balarāma because of his great power. (SB 10.2.13) He was strong by nature. He struck Muṣṭika with the palm of his hand, which displayed that power (balinā). Cāṇūra was compared to a flag staff falling since he fell from high up. Muṣṭika fell while standing on the earth, and is thus compared to a tree falling over in the wind.
Muṣṭika strikes Balarāma with his fist, and Balarāma returns one open-palm slap — and the wrestler trembles, vomits blood, and falls like a tree in a high wind. The slap-and-tree image is the Bhāgavatam's wry way of saying: against Bhagavān's expansion, even the strongest wrestler is simply weather-struck timber.
My note
Source: vedabase.io