FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.21.8

చూతప్రవాలబర్హస్తబకోత్పలాబ్జ- మాలానుపృక్తపరిధానవిచిత్రవేశౌ । మధ్యే విరేజతురలం పశుపాలగోష్ఠ్యాం రఙ్గే యథా నటవరౌ క్‍వ చ గాయమానౌ ॥ ౮ ॥
cūta-pravāla-barha-stabakotpalābja
[choota-pravaala-barha-stabakotpalaabja]
mālānupṛkta-paridhāna-vicitra-veśau
[maalaanuprikta-paridhaana-vichitra-veshau]
madhye virejatur alaṁ paśu-pāla-goṣṭhyāṁ
[madhye virejatur alam pashu-paala-goshthyaam]
raṅge yathā naṭa-varau kvaca gāyamānau
[range yathaa nata-varau kvacha gaayamaanau]
cūta — of a mango tree pravāla — with young sprouts barha — peacock feathers stabaka — bunches of flowers utpala — lotuses abja — and lilies mālā — with garlands anupṛkta — touched paridhāna — Their garments vicitra — with great variety veśau — being dressed madhye — in the midst virejatuḥ — the two of Them shone forth alam — magnificently paśu - pāla — of the cowherd boys goṣṭhyām — within the assembly raṅge — upon a stage yathā — just as naṭa - varau — two most excellent dancers kvaca — sometimes gāyamānau — Themselves singing .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
cūta-pravāla-barha-stabakotpalābja
cūta
of a mango tree
pravāla
with young sprouts
barha
peacock feathers
stabaka
bunches of flowers
utpala
lotuses
abja
and lilies
mālānupṛkta-paridhāna-vicitra-veśau
mālā
with garlands
anupṛkta
touched
paridhāna
Their garments
vicitra
with great variety
veśau
being dressed
madhye virejatur alaṁ paśu-pāla-goṣṭhyāṁ
madhye
in the midst
virejatuḥ
the two of Them shone forth
alam
magnificently
paśu - pāla
of the cowherd boys
goṣṭhyām
within the assembly
raṅge yathā naṭa-varau kvaca gāyamānau
raṅge
upon a stage
yathā
just as
naṭa - varau
two most excellent dancers
kvaca
sometimes
gāyamānau
Themselves singing .
  • cūta — of a mango tree
    Cūta — Mangifera indica. The mango-sprout (pravāla) on Kṛṣṇa's ear is a Vraja-specific śṛṅgāra detail; Vraja's forest costuming Him is one of the chapter's repeated motifs — the place clothes its Lord.
  • naṭa-varau — two most excellent dancers
    Dual of naṭa-vara: 'the two best of dancers.' Gauḍīyas read Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma here as paired līlā-naṭas — Bala the prakāśa, Kṛṣṇa the vilāsa — performing the same eternal rasa-drama in two complementary moods.
  • vicitra — with great variety
    Vi-citra — 'particoloured, astonishing.' Mādhurya is not monotone; Kṛṣṇa's beauty is endlessly variegated. In Gauḍīya aesthetics vicitratā is one of the characteristic excellences of His form (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu).
  • gāyamānau — Themselves singing
    Present middle participle dual of √gai. The Lord is the singer, not only the sung-about — anticipating Mahāprabhu's own posture, where the Bhagavān becomes His own kīrtana-leader.
Dressed in a charming variety of garments, upon which Their garlands rest, and decorating Themselves with peacock feathers, lotuses, lilies, newly grown mango sprouts and clusters of flower buds, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma shine forth magnificently among the assembly of cowherd boys. They look just like the best of dancers appearing on a dramatic stage, and sometimes They sing.

The gopīs continue singing their ecstatic song as they remember the pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa. The gopīs wanted to go to the forest where Kṛṣṇa was performing His pastimes and, while remaining concealed, peer through the leaves of the creepers and see the wonder of Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma dancing and singing with Their boyfriends. This was their desire, but because they could not go, they sang this song in ecstatic love.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Dressed in a charming variety of garments, upon which Their garlands rest, and decorating Themselves with peacock feathers, lotuses, lilies, newly grown mango sprouts and clusters of flower buds, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma shine forth magnificently among the assembly of cowherd boys. They look just like the best of dancers appearing on a dramatic stage, and sometimes They sing.
Commentary

"How will we deal with disgrace? We should not go." "No, we should go anyway." "But because he is with Baladeva, our motive in going will not be fulfilled. Therefore from far off, through the leaves of creepers, we will taste the nectar of his beauty and songs and see him dance. Then we can quickly return home." That is the intention of this verse. With tender mango leaves, (cuta prabala), peacock feather (marhah) and bunches of flowers (stavaka) in the hair; in the two ears lotus buds; in the right hand a play lotus; and around the neck a garland; wearing sewn garments, colored red, yellow and black like those of an actor, Krsna and Balarama displayed colorful dress. Among the boys who were dancing, they also danced and sometimes they sang (gaya manau). Gaya manau can also mean they were satisfied (mana) with the singing of others (gaya) who praising them. Or it can mean that they were proud of their singing. "No one in the three worlds can sing like us. Who are you insignificant cowherd boys?"

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Wondering whether they should reveal their true emotions by double meanings, they conceal their emotions with great attention in their second verse. Because of intense feelings of love, they can no longer conceal that love in the third verse. In the fourth and other verses they can conceal their love to some degree. They were decorated on their heads with bunches of flowers, within which were placed mango buds and peacock feathers. In their ears were the inner portions of water lilies and in their right hands were play lotuses. They had garlands over their clothing. In this way they were attractively dresses (vicitra-veśau). They appeared glorious amidst the gathering of cowherd boys in various ways (vi—rejatuḥ) or because of the beauty of each item. They were like two dancers in a dancing arena. This indicates that they would also dance and express their joy at will, and that even the other cowherd boys would play instruments and dress skillfully. Otherwise dancing would not be so beautiful. They would sometimes be amidst the other boys because of unsteadiness due to absorption in their playing. They were more splendid here (alam) than in Vraja because in Vraja they could not sing or dance with the same abandon. Or, there is a gradual development in the first five verses that the gopīs speak. The intention of the previous verses was “The cowherd boys had success for their eyes since they could see Kṛṣṇa at that time.” The present verse expresses “Not only do they see him, but they experience happiness with singing and dancing amidst a group where the two are present.” They also sang. Or, they were glorified by others singing special songs. Or sometimes they would sing, since they became too absorbed in dancing. Or, they became proud in singing. “Of you two who is the best singer? Let the best one sing.” In this way the two became proud and sang. This is a particular sweetness of their play. Oh! These cowherds are fortunate and we gopīs are unfortunate, since we cannot freely associate with them because of fear of public opinion! This unspoken statement is understood from their emotions. This statement may be added to later verses also. The reason for frustration has been stated here: fear of public opinion.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Udyama (Industriousness / Effort)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Karuna (Kindness / Compassion)
Related verses

Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma walk into the assembly of cowherd boys dressed for a play they alone know they are starring in — peacock-feather, mango-sprout, lotus, lily, garland. Sometimes They sing. Vṛndāvana is the raṅga-maṇḍapa; the audience is everyone who has ever loved Them.

Caitanya seeing the raṅga of Vraja

When Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu wandered through Vṛndāvana — described in Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Madhya 17–18 — He saw the very līlā of this verse playing out in front of Him: the two boys at the centre of a circle of cowherd companions, dressed in forest-finery, singing.

Gauḍīyas read this as confirmation that the raṅga of Vraja never closed; the cast still walks Vṛndāvana for the eyes that have been prepared by Mahāprabhu's nāma to see it.

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