FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.16.32

తాస్తం సువిగ్నమనసోఽథ పురస్కృతార్భా: కాయం నిధాయ భువి భూతపతిం ప్రణేము: । సాధ్వ్య: కృతాఞ్జలిపుటా: శమలస్య భర్తు- ర్మోక్షేప్సవ: శరణదం శరణం ప్రపన్నా: ॥ ౩౨ ॥
tās taṁ su-vigna-manaso ’tha puraskṛtārbhāḥ
[taas tam su-vigna-manaso ’tha puraskritaarbhaah]
kāyaṁ nidhāya bhuvi bhūta-patiṁ praṇemuḥ
[kaayam nidhaaya bhuvi bhoota-patim pranemuh]
sādhvyaḥ kṛtāñjali-puṭāḥ śamalasya bhartur
[saadhvyah kritaanjali-putaah shamalasya bhartur]
mokṣepsavaḥ śaraṇa-daṁ śaraṇaṁ prapannāḥ
[mokshepsavah sharana-dam sharanam prapannaah]
tāḥ — they, the wives of Kāliya tam — to Him su - vigna — very much agitated manasaḥ — their minds atha — then puraḥ - kṛta — placing in front arbhāḥ — their children kāyam — their bodies nidhāya — putting bhuvi — upon the ground bhūta - patim — to the Lord of all creatures praṇemuḥ — they bowed down sādhvyaḥ — the saintly ladies kṛta - añjali - puṭāḥ — folding their hands in supplication śamalasya — who was sinful bhartuḥ — of their husband mokṣa — the liberation īpsavaḥ — desiring śaraṇa - dam — He who grants shelter śaraṇam — for shelter prapannāḥ — they approached .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tās taṁ su-vigna-manaso ’tha puraskṛtārbhāḥ
tāḥ
they, the wives of Kāliya
tam
to Him
su - vigna
very much agitated
manasaḥ
their minds
kāyaṁ nidhāya bhuvi bhūta-patiṁ praṇemuḥ
atha
then
sādhvyaḥ kṛtāñjali-puṭāḥ śamalasya bhartur
puraḥ - kṛta
placing in front
arbhāḥ
their children
kāyam
their bodies
nidhāya
putting
bhuvi
upon the ground
bhūta - patim
to the Lord of all creatures
mokṣepsavaḥ śaraṇa-daṁ śaraṇaṁ prapannāḥ
praṇemuḥ
they bowed down
sādhvyaḥ
the saintly ladies
kṛta - añjali - puṭāḥ
folding their hands in supplication
śamalasya
who was sinful
bhartuḥ
of their husband
mokṣa
the liberation
īpsavaḥ
desiring
śaraṇa - dam
He who grants shelter
śaraṇam
for shelter
prapannāḥ
they approached .
  • śaraṇa - dam — the giver of shelter
    Compound: śaraṇa (shelter) + da (giver). One of Bhagavān's defining functions. The same name the Nāga-patnīs will press in verse 52. The Vaiṣṇava knows Him first as the One who gives shelter.
  • śaraṇam - prapannāḥ — took shelter / surrendered
    Idiom: śaraṇa + pra+pad. The technical Gauḍīya formula for śaraṇāgati. Cf. Gītā 18.66's mām ekaṁ śaraṇaṁ vraja. The Nāga-patnīs enact in narrative form what the Gītā preaches in śloka.
  • sādhvyaḥ — the saintly ladies
    Feminine plural of sādhu. The Bhāgavatam dignifies these serpent-wives as sādhvīs — saintly. Gauḍīya: caste and species cease to matter; what matters is the act of taking shelter.
  • kṛta - añjali - puṭāḥ — with palms joined
    Compound: kṛta (made) + añjali (joined palms) + puṭa (cup). The physical gesture of supplication. The first Vaiṣṇava act of the body is to join the hands; the wives perform it before they speak.
Their minds very much disturbed, those saintly ladies placed their children before them and then bowed down to the Lord of all creatures, laying their bodies flat upon the ground. They desired the liberation of their sinful husband and the shelter of the Supreme Lord, the giver of ultimate shelter, and thus they folded their hands in supplication and approached Him.
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Their minds very much disturbed, those saintly ladies placed their children before them and then bowed down to the Lord of all creatures, laying their bodies flat upon the ground. They desired the liberation of their sinful husband and the shelter of the Supreme Lord, the giver of ultimate shelter, and thus they folded their hands in supplication and approached Him.
Commentary

The wives offered respects by paying obeisances on the ground. It is understood that in the lake of Kaliya there was an island, where Kaliya held Krsna in his coils. The inhabitants of Vraja could see this. The wives put their own babies in front of them to invoke the compassion of Krsna.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They were extremely frightened or grief stricken (su-vigna-manasaḥ) by the thought that their husband would die or by fear of his great offense. Their offering of respect is a sign of their surrender or a quality of their extreme humility. They placed their bodies on the ground. It is understood there was an island in the lake. There Kṛṣṇa raised himself while surrounded by the coils of Kāliya and was seen by the people of Gokula. They placed their children in front to make Kṛṣṇa compassionate. “Were they not afraid of their husband’s offense?” The wives felt in their hearts that Kṛṣṇa was the Lord of all living beings (bhūta-patim). Though they were afraid, where else could they go? They desired that he leave Kāliya alone since they were loyal wives (sādhvyaḥ) and they were Kṛṣṇa’s devotees.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

They were extremely frightened or grief stricken (su-vigna-manasaḥ) by the thought that their husband would die or by fear of his great offense. Their offering of respect is a sign of their surrender or a quality of their extreme humility. They placed their bodies on the ground. They placed their children in front to make Kṛṣṇa compassionate. “Were they not afraid of their husband’s offense?” The wives felt in their hearts that Kṛṣṇa was the Lord of all living beings (bhūta-patim) since they had surrendered to him. They desired that he free Kāliya from sin. Genitive has the meaning of ablative (śamalasya for śamalāt). Why? They were his wives (sādhvyaḥ). Or they were filled with bhakti for Kṛṣṇa. Therefore it was proper that Kṛṣṇa give them special mercy. They surrendered to Kṛṣṇa who could grant the shelter (śaraṇadam) of that lake. Otherwise they could not reside in Vṛndāvana. Or he is the source of all protection (śaranadam). They surrendered to him in order to gain protection, which could only be given by him. They surrendered to him crying painfully, “Please protect us!” Or they took shelter of Kṛṣṇa who was the protector from all disasters, by reciting praises. The true meaning is this. Though Kāliya was an offender, having done violence to the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana, his wives were devotees surrendered to Kṛṣṇa, having a desire to kiss him.

Related values
Karuna (Kindness / Compassion)Maitri (Friendship / Goodwill)Guru Bhakti (Reverence for Teacher)Kritajnata (Gratitude)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)Hrih (Modesty / Sense of Shame)Satya (Truthfulness)Samata (Equanimity / Even-mindedness)Dana (Charity / Generosity)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses

The wives place their children in front of them — the children become the first row of supplicants, hands joined, bodies flat on the earth. Their hair and clothing are a mess; they do not care. They are seeking the shelter-giver, and the shelter-giver is the only thing they want.

Draupadī's appeal in the assembly

When dragged into the Kaurava court and stripped, Draupadī first tried to protect herself with her own hand on her cloth. Only when she raised both hands and cried Govinda! — completely unable to defend herself, completely surrendered — did the unending cloth begin to descend.

The Nāga-patnīs are in the same posture. They have no leverage; their husband has none. They place children before them and lay their bodies on the earth. Gauḍīya śaraṇāgati: ātma-nikṣepa, throwing oneself down — is precisely this.

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