FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.14.42

తతోఽనుజ్ఞాప్య భగవాన్ స్వభువం ప్రాగవస్థితాన్ । వత్సాన్ పులినమానిన్యే యథాపూర్వసఖం స్వకమ్ ॥ ౪౨ ॥
tato ’nujñāpya bhagavān
[tato ’nujnaapya bhagavaan]
sva-bhuvaṁ prāg avasthitān
[sva-bhuvam praag avasthitaan]
vatsān pulinam āninye
[vatsaan pulinam aaninye]
yathā-pūrva-sakhaṁ svakam
[yathaa-poorva-sakham svakam]
tataḥ — then anujñāpya — giving permission bhagavān — the Supreme Lord sva - bhuvam — to His own son (Brahmā) prāk — from before avasthitān — situated vatsān — the calves pulinam — to the shore of the river āninye — He brought yathā - pūrva — just as before sakham — where the friends were present svakam — His own .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tato ’nujñāpya bhagavān
tataḥ
then
anujñāpya
giving permission
sva-bhuvaṁ prāg avasthitān
bhagavān
the Supreme Lord
vatsān pulinam āninye
yathā-pūrva-sakhaṁ svakam
sva - bhuvam
to His own son (Brahmā)
prāk
from before
avasthitān
situated
vatsān
the calves
pulinam
to the shore of the river
āninye
He brought
yathā - pūrva
just as before
sakham
where the friends were present
svakam
His own .
  • anujñāpya — having given leave
    Gerund of anu-√jñā. The same root as verse 39's anujānīhi — Brahmā asked leave, now Kṛṣṇa grants it. The verb closes the bracket the previous chapter's stealing opened.
  • sva-bhuvam — His own son
    Compound: sva (own) + bhū (born from). Brahmā is Kṛṣṇa's son, born from His navel-lotus. Kṛṣṇa's relationship to Brahmā is paternal — and the stuti has been received accordingly.
  • prāk-avasthitān vatsān — the calves still situated as before
    Phrase: prāk (before) + avasthita (situated) + vatsa (calf). The calves had not moved during the year — māyā had frozen the externals so Kṛṣṇa's līlā could resume cleanly. Yoga-māyā's stage-management.
  • pulinam āninye — He brought (them) to the riverbank
    Phrase: pulina (sandbank) + ā-√nī (to bring). The Yamunā's sandbank. The same pulina where He had been eating. The chapter is geographically precise — Brahmā's vision did not take Kṛṣṇa elsewhere; everything happened at the lunch-spot.
  • yathā-pūrva — as before
    Compound: yathā (as) + pūrva (before). The līlā's invariance. The boys remained 'as before' — Bhagavān's yoga-māyā preserves what the temporality of the world would otherwise erode.
After granting His son Brahmā permission to leave, the Supreme Personality of Godhead took the calves, who were still where they had been a year earlier, and brought them to the riverbank, where He had been taking His meal and where His cowherd boyfriends remained just as before.

The word sva-bhuvam, “to His own son,” indicates that Lord Kṛṣṇa forgave the offense Brahmā had committed and treated him with affection, as His son. It is stated in this verse that the original cowherd boyfriends and calves were situated just as before: near the bank of the Yamunā River and in the forest, respectively. Previously the calves had disappeared within the forest and Lord Kṛṣṇa had gone to search for them. Not finding them, the Lord had returned to the riverbank to discuss the situation with His cowherd boyfriends, but they had also disappeared. Now the cows were once again in the forest and the boyfriends once again on the bank of the river, ready to take their lunch. According to Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī, the calves and boys remained in the forest and on the riverbank, respectively, for one full year. Lord Brahmā did not actually take them away to another place. By the Lord’s omnipotent illusory energy, the gopīs and other residents of Vṛndāvana did not notice the calves and boys, nor did the calves and boys notice the passing of a year’s time or feel any hunger, cold or thirst. All this was part of the pastime arranged by the Lord’s illusory potency. Lord Brahmā thought, “I have kept all the boys and calves of Gokula sleeping on the bed of my mystic potency, and to this very day they have not risen. A similar number of boys and calves have been playing with Kṛṣṇa for one whole year, yet they are different from the ones illusioned by my mystic potency. Who are they? Where did they come from?” Nothing is invisible to the Supreme Lord. Thus Lord Kṛṣṇa appeared to be searching for the calves and boys only to enact the dramatic pastime of bewildering Lord Brahmā. After Brahmā surrendered and offered prayers, Lord Kṛṣṇa returned to the original boys and calves, who appeared exactly as before, although their size had somewhat increased because of one year’s growth. According to Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura, since Lord Kṛṣṇa was playing exactly like an innocent young cowherd boy in Vṛndāvana, after four-headed Brahmā offered his prayers the Lord maintained His role as a young cowherd boy and thus remained silent before Brahmā. Kṛṣṇa’s silence indicates the following thoughts: “Where did this four-headed Brahmā come from? What is he doing? What are these words he keeps on speaking? I am busy looking for My calves. I am just a cowherd boy and do not understand all this.” Lord Brahmā had considered Lord Kṛṣṇa an ordinary cowherd boy and had treated Him as such. After accepting Brahmā’s prayers, Kṛṣṇa continued to play as a cowherd boy and thus did not answer the four-headed Brahmā. Rather, Kṛṣṇa was more interested in rejoining His cowherd boyfriends for the picnic lunch on the bank of the Yamunā River.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
After granting His son Brahmā permission to leave, the Supreme Personality of Godhead took the calves, who were still where they had been a year earlier, and brought them to the riverbank, where He had been taking His meal and where His cowherd boyfriends remained just as before.
Commentary

Krsna gave permission for Brahma to leave by his silence, for it is said "Silence means consent." Brahma had asked permission to go in verse 39. Seeing the Lord’s silence, Brahma took that as his permission. Krsna could not break his silence because he had to perfectly play the part of the young son of the king of Vraja in the pastime of the bewilderment of Brahma. Krsna continued his act of looking for the calves and boys as described in 10.13.16. When Brahma began his prayers in this chapter, Krsna, as a young gopa anxious to find the calves, could not understand where Brahma had come from, what he was doing and what he was saying. By remaining silent, Krsna completed his act as a cowherd boy. He played the role of being ignorant of his own powers in front of Brahma who was dependent on him and thus the word "natya" (actor) is used. However, in front of Yasoda and other devotees in intimate relationships, the ignorance that he shows for his own powers covered by the mahaprema of the inhabitants of Vraja, is not a pretense and is not described as "natya". That ignorance is real. Krsna brought the calves absorbed in eating grass back to the same place on the bank of the river (svakam) That place was the same as before, with the cowherd boys sitting in the same positions. In that place were the same original cowherd boys (yatha purvasakham), different from the expansion cowherd boys who performed lila for one year with the Lord.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Kṛṣṇa gave permission to Brahmā, his son (sva-bhuvam). This phrase indicates that he forgave Brahmā for his offenses, just as a father forgives a son. Kṛṣṇa gave him permission, asking with a smile, “Are you going so soon?” This indicated Kṛṣṇa’s humility, mercy, forgiveness, teaching, joking, and scolding with a hint of his omniscience. I will not be happy with these forms of boys and calves that you put to sleep. I will gain happiness from these boys and calves in a waking state. After giving Brahmā permission, he brought the calves, the same now as in their previous state, to the bank of the Yamunā where they boys were eating lunch as previously. The boys looked at him, with yogurt rice in his hand, as previously. The power of his māyā acting by his will reconciled all things. Though the mothers remembered the activities of the boys who were actually Kṛṣṇa’s expansion from the previous day, it was not desirable that they should remember incidents which occurred during the previous year.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Brahmā did not leave only by his will. Kṛṣṇa gave permission to Brahmā, forgiven for his offenses. After that (tataḥ) Kṛsṇa brought the original calves to the bank where the boys had been eating (svakam) or where the calves had been. The calves had been in the forest or on the river bank at another place. Brahmā brought the calves and boys back, or the the Lord brought them back. It is clear that the boys remained in illusion at that place for one year for it is said that Kṛṣṇa brought only the calves back. He had previously gone to get the calves to pacify the anxious boys. It does not say that they came from somewhere and again sat there. With the disappearance of māyā they were sitting on the bank for eating their meal. But this was not visible. Why could other cowherds not see them there? Did they not suffer from cold wind during that time? Was it because of powerful illusion? Though the Lord saw this condition of the boys why was he indifferent? Did Brahmā take the boys to Brahmaloka to a place that the Lord could not see and keep them there, bewildered by illusion? That is not proper. It was said in SB 10.13.41 that they were on the bed of māyā. By the mercy of the Lord they did not suffer. Wherever they were taken, they were not invisable to the Lord, who is condensed knowledge. When Kṛṣṇa previously did not see them and began searching for them, that was a show of extreme affection or in order to fool Brahmā. That was previously stated. Thus the boys were situated at that place. Śrīdhara Svāmī says, “How could they remain sitting there for such a long time? Did they forget about eating and drinking?” The boys were situated as previously. The boys, the calves, the bank, the food and the seats were there as previously. But after one year, they would have grown in form. By the power of the Lord the boys’ behavior and appearance over the year manifested to the mothers and others by himself (as the boys). Otherwise there would be some difference between the boys of the previous year and now.

Related values
Karuna (Kindness / Compassion)Maitri (Friendship / Goodwill)Guru Bhakti (Reverence for Teacher)Kritajnata (Gratitude)Hrih (Modesty / Sense of Shame)Satya (Truthfulness)Samata (Equanimity / Even-mindedness)Dana (Charity / Generosity)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses
Concepts
Maya

A teacher who has called recess for his students returns at the bell to find them exactly where He left them — frozen by a kindness they did not feel. Kṛṣṇa returns from the year-long brahma-vimohana līlā and picks up His lunch where He left it: same calves, same boys, same riverbank. Bhagavān's līlā has no continuity-gap; mercy has erased the interval.

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