FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.1.61

తథేతి సుతమాదాయ యయావానకదున్దుభి: । నాభ్యనన్దత తద్వాక్యమసతోఽవిజితాత్మన: ॥ ౬౧ ॥
tatheti sutam ādāya
[tatheti sutam aadaaya]
yayāv ānakadundubhiḥ
[yayaav aanakadundubhih]
nābhyanandata tad-vākyam
[naabhyanandata tad-vaakyam]
asato ’vijitātmanaḥ
[asato ’vijitaatmanah]
tathā — very well iti — thus sutam ādāya — taking back his child yayau — left that place ānakadundubhiḥ — Vasudeva na abhyanandata — did not very much value tat - vākyam — the words (of Kaṁsa) asataḥ — who was without character avijita - ātmanaḥ — and without self-control .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tatheti sutam ādāya
tathā
very well
yayāv ānakadundubhiḥ
nābhyanandata tad-vākyam
asato ’vijitātmanaḥ
iti
thus
sutam ādāya
taking back his child
yayau
left that place
ānakadundubhiḥ
Vasudeva
na abhyanandata
did not very much value
tat - vākyam
the words (of Kaṁsa)
asataḥ
who was without character
avijita - ātmanaḥ
and without self-control .
  • na abhyanandata — did not very much value
    Na + abhi + nand (to rejoice). 'Did not greatly rejoice in.' Vasudeva does not celebrate the bargain. The Bhāgavata distinguishes between the strategic move (right to make) and trust in the asura who is its counterparty (wrong to give).
  • tat-vākyam — the words of Kaṁsa
    Tat (his) + vākya (statement). Vasudeva does not value Kaṁsa's words. Gauḍīya: the value of a vākya is the value of the speaker; from one without character, the same syllables carry no weight. Trust is not transferred to vākya by repetition.
  • asataḥ — who was without character
    A + sat, 'not-true, not-good.' Asat is the great Bhāgavata-Gītā contrast to sat. Kaṁsa is asat — disconnected from existential reality. Vasudeva's caution is theological: an asat man cannot be relied upon, because he is not anchored in the substance from which reliability flows.
  • avijita-ātmanaḥ — without self-control
    A + vijita (conquered) + ātmā (self). 'Of one who has not conquered the self.' Same compound used negatively of those whom Kṛṣṇa diagnoses as bound by the modes. Without ātma-jaya, any virtue is a passing weather front, not a climate.
Vasudeva agreed and took his child back home, but because Kaṁsa had no character and no self-control, Vasudeva knew that he could not rely on Kaṁsa’s word.
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Vasudeva agreed and took his child back home, but because Kaṁsa had no character and no self-control, Vasudeva knew that he could not rely on Kaṁsa's word.
Commentary

no

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Tathā mean “Kaṁsa having said this.” Or it can mean “As you have said, let it be.” But he did not trust (na abhyanandata) his word. Why? Kaṁsa was wicked (asataḥ), showing false friendship, and had an unsteady heart (avijitāmanaḥ).

Related values
Nishkama Karma (Selfless Action)Tejas (Inner Radiance / Vigour)Apaishunam (Non-slander)Titiksha (Forbearance / Endurance)Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Adambhitva (Non-hypocrisy / Authenticity)
Related verses
A promise from one without character is no shelter — Vasudeva keeps his pratijñā to protect Kṛṣṇa, trusting Kaṁsa's word no further than Kaṁsa's self-control.
Practical Applications
  • Notice today where you are leaning on the promise of someone whose conduct already shows they cannot keep it, and quietly stop relying on that word.
  • Keep one vow you made to Kṛṣṇa today — your morning sādhana, a chant count, an offering — even if outer circumstances seem to grant you permission to skip it.
  • Refuse to confuse politeness with trust: agree outwardly where you must, but place your real reliance only on Kṛṣṇa and on those whose senses are visibly under control.
Reflection Questions
  • Whose word am I currently relying on — at home, in friendship, or in study — that the evidence of their character (asato 'vijitātmanaḥ) has already told me cannot be trusted, and what is my attachment to believing them?
  • Where does my own lack of self-control (avijitātmā) make my pratijñā unreliable to others, so that even when I sincerely agree, those who depend on me are quietly making backup plans?
For Each Age Group
youth
  • When a friend group, partner, or online persona repeatedly breaks small promises to you, stop pretending it does not count — write down the next promise they make and check it against what they actually do within a week. This is your Daksya practice.
  • Notice the pressure to 'agree out loud' in chats and classrooms even when you inwardly disagree. Practice Vasudeva's discipline: respond minimally and politely, then quietly act on what you actually believe — do not perform conviction on social media, perform it in your week.
  • Pick one person in your life whose word you are over-trusting because it is socially easier (a charming senior, a flaky friend, a smooth recruiter). Lower your reliance on their word by one concrete notch this week — without drama, without a confrontation.
householder
  • In one current family or work situation, separate two questions you have been collapsing: 'Did I keep my word?' and 'Should I rely on theirs?' Vasudeva does the first cleanly and refuses the second. Do the same in writing tonight.
  • When dealing with a counterparty of weak character — a contractor, a relative who borrows money, a boss who over-promises — stop expecting their next promise to behave differently. Build the next decision (contract, schedule, money flow) assuming asato 'vijitātmanaḥ, and protect your dependents accordingly. That is sva-dharma, not cynicism.
  • With your children, model Pratijñā: keep the small promises you make to them with the same seriousness Vasudeva keeps his to Kaṁsa. They are watching what your word is worth far more than they are listening to what you say about character.
senior
  • Review the people and institutions to whom you are about to hand things — wealth, a family role, a legacy project. Ask honestly: is each one vijitātmā enough for what I am entrusting? Adjust the handover, quietly and without insult, before it is too late.
  • Vasudeva's restraint is the fruit of decades of Brahmacharya and Tejas. Use this season to drop the need to win arguments with the Kaṁsas in your life — relatives, old rivals, a difficult adult child. Speak less, protect more, leave the outcome to Kṛṣṇa.
  • Mentor a younger person specifically on this distinction: keeping one's own word is non-negotiable, but trusting another's word must be earned by their character, not assumed by their position. Pass on the discernment, not just the etiquette.
Common Pitfalls
  • Reading Vasudeva's caution as cynicism or paranoia, and using the verse to justify a general distrust of people, rather than seeing it as discriminating viveka rooted in the observed character of one specific person.
  • Flipping the lesson outward only — cataloguing the asato 'vijitātmanaḥ around us — while never turning the same lens inward to ask whether our own indulgence and broken vows have made us the unreliable party in someone else's life.
  • Treating Vasudeva's outward agreement (tatheti) followed by inner non-acceptance (nābhyanandata) as a license for duplicity in our dealings, instead of recognizing it as the prudence of a vow-keeper (pratijñā) protecting a sacred trust under duress.
Discussion Prompts
  • Vasudeva accepted Kaṁsa's word outwardly while inwardly refusing to trust it. Where in your own life is that kind of double-layered conduct sva-dharma — and where is it just cowardice dressed up as prudence? Push back on each other; do not let your partner off the hook with 'it depends.'
  • Kaṁsa is described as asat (without true existence/character) and avijitātmā (one who has not conquered himself). Argue the case: is a person's word only as trustworthy as their sādhana? Or can someone of weak character still be reliable in narrow domains? Bring concrete examples.
  • Vasudeva had just handed over his newborn — an act most of us would call insane today. Was this Pratijñā (vow-keeping) at its peak, or was it the failure of a father to protect his child? Defend whichever side you find harder.
Role Play

Two students. Student A is a project lead who has just been forced by their manager (Student B) to publicly agree to an unrealistic deadline that will require the team to cut corners on safety/quality. A knows B has broken similar promises to 'protect the team afterwards' three times before. A must, like Vasudeva, say 'tathā' outwardly while planning what they will actually do to protect the people under them. Run the conversation in the room, then run the conversation A has with their own team that evening. Class then debates: where was this Daksya (skill in action), and where did it slide into mere duplicity?

Objections & Responses
  • This verse seems to praise being two-faced. Vasudeva agrees to Kaṁsa's face and then quietly disbelieves him. Isn't the Gauḍīya tradition supposed to be about truthfulness (satya)?
    Satya in our tradition is never naïve. Truth is what serves Kṛṣṇa and protects the dharmic order, not what mechanically matches words to inner state in every moment. Vasudeva is operating under brāhmaṇical restraint (Brahmacharya) and Pratijñā — he had given his word before the child was born and he keeps it; but as a father and a devotee he is not obliged to entrust the future to a man who is asat and avijitātmā. To trust the untrustworthy is not honesty, it is negligence. Real satya here is: speak what is necessary, do what is right, and never confuse Kaṁsa's promise with Kṛṣṇa's protection.
  • A modern reader will say: just tell Kaṁsa no, or run away with the child. The whole framing assumes a feudal world where you cannot stand up to power. Why dress up powerlessness as a spiritual virtue?
    This is not powerlessness; it is Daksya — resourcefulness under constraint. Vasudeva had taken a vow in front of witnesses; he had a wife in Kaṁsa's hand; the kingdom's army was Kaṁsa's. Defiance in that moment would have killed Devakī and the child both. He chooses the long game, which is precisely what Kṛṣṇa later vindicates by arranging the Vraja exchange. The Gauḍīya teacher would say: we are almost never in conditions of our choosing. Udyama and Daksya mean working the situation Kṛṣṇa has actually given you, not the one you wish you had — and trusting that He, not your dramatic gesture, is the protector of the soul under your care.

Vasudeva takes the child back and goes home — but he does not trust Kaṁsa's word. The verse closes the immediate scene with a quiet warning: even when an asura keeps his word, the keeping is not on principle. He has no character (a-sat), no self-control (a-vijita-ātman). One bad day will undo one good promise. The Bhāgavata is teaching: never make a devotional life depend on an asura's continued mercy.

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