FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.30.11

अप्येणपत्‍न्युपगत: प्रिययेह गात्रै- स्तन्वन् द‍ृशां सखि सुनिर्वृतिमच्युतो व: । कान्ताङ्गसङ्गकुचकुङ्कुमरञ्जिताया: कुन्दस्रज: कुलपतेरिह वाति गन्ध: ॥ ११ ॥
apy eṇa-patny upagataḥ priyayeha gātrais
[apy ena-patny upagatah priyayeha gaatrais]
tanvan dṛśāṁ sakhi su-nirvṛtim acyuto vaḥ
[tanvan drishaam sakhi su-nirvritim achyuto vah]
kāntāṅga-saṅga-kuca-kuṅkuma-rañjitāyāḥ
[kaantaanga-sanga-kucha-kunkuma-ranjitaayaah]
kunda-srajaḥ kula-pater iha vāti gandhaḥ
[kunda-srajah kula-pater iha vaati gandhah]
api — whether eṇa — of the deer patni — O wife upagataḥ — has been encountered priyayā — together with His beloved iha — here gātraiḥ — by His bodily limbs tanvan — producing dṛśām — of the eyes sakhi — O friend su - nirvṛtim — great pleasure acyutaḥ — the infallible Lord Kṛṣṇa vaḥ — your kāntā — of His girlfriend aṅga - saṅga — because of the physical contact kuca — on the breast kuṅkuma — by the vermilion powder rañjitāyāḥ — colored kunda — of jasmine flowers srajaḥ — of the garland kula — of the group (of gopīs ) pateḥ — of the master iha — around here vāti — is blowing gandhaḥ — the fragrance .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
apy eṇa-patny upagataḥ priyayeha gātrais
api
whether
eṇa
of the deer
patni
O wife
upagataḥ
has been encountered
priyayā
together with His beloved
tanvan dṛśāṁ sakhi su-nirvṛtim acyuto vaḥ
kāntāṅga-saṅga-kuca-kuṅkuma-rañjitāyāḥ
kunda-srajaḥ kula-pater iha vāti gandhaḥ
iha
here
gātraiḥ
by His bodily limbs
tanvan
producing
dṛśām
of the eyes
sakhi
O friend
su - nirvṛtim
great pleasure
acyutaḥ
the infallible Lord Kṛṣṇa
vaḥ
your
kāntā
of His girlfriend
aṅga - saṅga
because of the physical contact
kuca
on the breast
kuṅkuma
by the vermilion powder
rañjitāyāḥ
colored
kunda
of jasmine flowers
srajaḥ
of the garland
kula
of the group (of gopīs )
pateḥ
of the master
iha
around here
vāti
is blowing
gandhaḥ
the fragrance .
  • eṇa-patni — O wife of the deer
    Compound vocative: eṇa (black-buck deer) + patnī (wife). The gopīs address the doe as 'sakhī' — equal to themselves, a fellow-wife of a Beloved. Rasa-śāstra: in viraha the gopī's circle of confidantes widens to include every female creature of the forest.
  • kāntā-aṅga-saṅga — because of the physical contact with His girlfriend
    Compound: kāntā (beloved) + aṅga (limb) + saṅga (contact). The most painful word in the verse for the gopīs to utter — He was with Her, body to body. The Bhāgavatam does not soften it. Vipralambha sharpens here from absence-pain to rival-pain (mātsarya-mishrita-viraha).
  • kuca-kuṅkuma-rañjitāyāḥ — colored by the vermilion powder from her breast
    Compound: kuca (breast) + kuṅkuma (vermilion) + rañjita (dyed). The vivid evidence: He carries Her color on Him now. Rūpa Gosvāmī uses this exact image in Padyāvalī and Vidagdha-mādhava — the kuṅkuma-stain as the unconcealable proof of intimacy.
  • kunda-srajaḥ — of the garland of jasmine flowers
    Compound: kunda (white jasmine) + srajaḥ (of the garland). Kunda is the autumn-flower of Vraja, identified by the Gosvāmīs as Rādhā's preferred flower. He wears Her flower; the breeze carries Her color and Her flower at once.
  • kula-pateḥ — of the master of the group of gopīs
    Compound: kula (clan, group) + pati (lord). The gopīs name Him their collective Lord — but the irony bites: the collective Lord has just gone alone with one. Hierarchy and intimacy collide in a single epithet.
O friend, wife of the deer, has Lord Acyuta been here with His beloved, bringing great joy to your eyes? Indeed, blowing this way is the fragrance of His garland of kunda flowers, which was smeared with the kuṅkuma from the breasts of His girlfriend when He embraced Her.

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī provides the following charming commentary on this verse: “The gopīs spoke to a doe, ‘O friend, wife of the deer, from the bliss in your clear eyes we can tell that Śrī Kṛṣṇa has expanded your joy with the beauty of His limbs, His face and so forth. You are eager to realize the ecstasy of seeing Kṛṣṇa, and thus your eyes are following Him. In fact, He is never lost to you.’ “Then the gopīs, seeing the doe continue to walk in her natural way, exclaimed, ‘Oh, are you telling us that you have seen Kṛṣṇa? Look! As this deer walks she constantly turns her head back to us, as if to say, “I will show Him to you; just follow me and I will show you Kṛṣṇa.” In this merciless Vṛndāvana, she is the only merciful person.’ “As the gopīs follow the doe they happen to lose sight of her, and they cry out, ‘Oh, why can’t we see the deer who is showing us the way to Kṛṣṇa?’ “One gopī suggests that Kṛṣṇa must be somewhere in the vicinity and that the deer, being afraid of Him, must have hidden herself to avoid the possible mistake of revealing His presence. Conjecturing in this way, the gopīs detect a fragrance that has by chance blown their way, and they repeatedly declare with great joy, ‘Yes! Yes! This is it! By Kṛṣṇa’s physical contact with His girlfriend, His jasmine garland was smeared with the kuṅkuma powder on Her breasts, and the fragrances of all these things are reaching us.’ Thus the gopīs smelled the aroma of the two lovers’ bodies, of Kṛṣṇa’s jasmine garland, and of the cosmetic powder on the breasts of His lover.”

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
O friend, wife of the deer, has Lord Acyuta been here with His beloved, bringing great joy to your eyes? Indeed, blowing this way is the fragrance of His garland of kunda flowers, which was smeared with the kuṅkuma from the breasts of His girlfriend when He embraced Her.
Commentary

Not hearing any answer the gopis thought, " Oh, why will this earth, an independent women, very proud, intoxicated with pastimes with the Lord ,whose body is marked with his symbols of flag, thunderbolt and ankusa, look upon us?" As they went forward they saw a doe and spoke to her. "O friend, wife of the buck, has Krsna come near his loved one, you (priyaya)? Though you are the wife of the buck, like us, you are dear to Krsna and Krsna is dear to you. Krsna has given you great bliss with a vision of his limbs such as face and arms. Having attained such bliss of the eyes, you follow him everywhere, and therefore Krsna is never falls from your vision (acyuta)." (drsam is plural rather the dual to show respect.) Seeing the doe go forward naturally, the gopis said, "This doe has seen Krsna. She seems to say, ‘Why should I speak, rather I will show you. Just follow behind me,’ while she moves forward and looks back at us. It seems she is the only merciful person in merciless Vrndavana." The gopis followed behind the doe, but not seeing where she had gone, then said, "Why can we no longer see the doe who was showing us where Krsna is?" In answer to this question one gopis said, "Krsna must be somewhere here. She has now become afraid of Krsna and she is hiding somewhere in order to deny that she has shown us the path." While the gopi was reasoning in this way, suddenly that gopi smelled a sweet fragrance. "Yes, yes! This is the fragrance of his body. The fragrance of his kunda flower garland tinted with the kumkuma due to contact with his beloved is spreading here." When the fragrance of their two bodies, the kumkuma and the kunda garland entered the gopis’ nostrils, they were able to verify Krsna’s whereabouts. "Though he is the enjoyer of all the gopis (kula pati) see how unjustly he has given them up and is enjoying with only one of us."

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The following should be considered. With whom did Kṛṣṇa disappear? Later this is revealed, but now it is unclear. Śukadeva’s intention is as follows. Among all the various avatāras of the Lord I have attraction for Svayam Bhagavān Kṛṣṇa. Among all the associates of the Lord I have attraction for the people of Vraja. Among the people of Vraja I have greater attraction for the gopīs. All know this secret. Among all the gopīs I have most attraction for Rādhikā. Everyone does not know this. The greater attraction is because of the greater excellence. I hesitate to reveal her directly but I wish to reveal my heart for fear of being miserly in giving knowledge. By revealing her through the words of her friends the secret will not be apparent. By disguised words, I will reveal the truth through the speech of her rivals. If I reveal her accidently because of my absorption, I will not speak her name directly. Not just her name, I will not utter the names of the other gopīs. I will also reveal the rasas by indirect expression, not by direct statement. If someone understands the real meaning, then it will be most astonishing. Therefore first he reveals Rādhā through her friend speaking. When the Lord disappeared taking her with him, her friends had some doubt. Though they went with the others, absorbed in searching for only Kṛṣṇa, and though they were in a state of unmāda, they remained in their own group, searching for the couple, desiring his appearance at a distance. While walking around they were able to have a vision momentarily even without seeing his foot prints (verses 32.33). The friends speak this verse. The sequence of verses indicate acceptance that Rādhā was with him. Their friendship with the couple and their desire to see them is also indicated. Probably (api) Kṛṣṇa came near you with his beloved. Or api can indicate a question: O friend, did Kṛṣṇa come near you with his beloved? “Since he wanders in the forest, is it surprising that he passed by us who live here?” But he was with his beloved. “That is astonishing.” On seeing him, there will spread amazing happiness in association with her. Your eyes and the eyes of others associated with you must have experienced great bliss, because your limbs are decorated with anubhāvas indicating bliss. Seeing him with her would produce much greater bliss. You should not hide this from us. Since we are his intimate servants, we can know everything about him by the fragrance carried by the breeze. The fragrance clearly comes from a garland smeared with kuṁkuma from her breast when there was intimate association between head of the dynasty and his beloved (kānta). We perceive this because of practice. Praise for the seer, the eye and the object seen indicates the friends’ joy. The word api shows great longing and sorrow, by expressing possibility. In addressing the wife of the deer, they praise the doe’s eyes. Patnī refers to a wife who takes part in sacrifice with her husband according to patyu no yajña-saṁyoge. (Pāṇini 4.1.33) The deer participates in the sacrifice, and his wife is addressed as patnī. Thus the wife of the deer, the seer, is praised. Acyuta has come close (upagataḥ). This is praise for the doe’s good fortune. By mentioning the beloved there is praise for the seer (the doe) and the object seen (Kṛṣṇa and Rādhā). Their limbs took on extraordinary features when they were together. This is praise for the eye, as is the statement “Great bliss for the eye spread out.” He does not fail to be with her (acyutaḥ). This is praise for what is seen. The word vaḥ (plural) indicates not only the doe but her companions of equal stature. Thus this is praise for the seers. The garland of kunda flowers, white and beautiful by nature, is praise as the object seen. It was tinged with kuṁkuma (praise for an object seen), from association with his beloved (praise for an object seen). Kula-pateḥ indicates praise for the lover seen. Iha (here) is praise for the place receiving the fragrance. The wind, combining with the fragrance, blows everywhere. The word gandha, combining with its modifiers, indicates praise for it.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The earth will not speak since, like Tulasī, she has the Lord’s affection and thus is a competitor, or she just does not want to speak. They then inquire from the doe, believing that she is a friend. O wife of the deer! You know about suffering in separation from a lover. Therefore please tell us. In great distress, in the distance, they see one doe. However dṛśām and vaḥ is in the plural, out of respect for her, since Kṛṣna has approached her. Or ena-patni in the singular refers to a class rather than an individual doe. Or out of many does, they ask the question to one only, who is the principal doe. Has he come here with some gopī? Did he give the greatest bliss to your eyes by showing his limbs? Otherwise you would not have such wide eyes, caused by happiness. He has given bliss greater than liberation (su-nirvṛtim). He must have revealed himself splendidly, otherwise you could not be so blissful. O friend! The doe is addressed as a friend because she has similar love of Kṛṣṇa, and she plays with the gopīs in the forest. You should not cheat us. Acyuta did not fail to distribute bliss, or he did not fail to come here. It seems they are familiar with his scent for they say that the wind is carrying his scent. It was previously said: upagīyamāna udgāyan vanitā-śata-yūthapaḥ mālāṁ bibhrad vaijayantīṁ vyacaran maṇḍayan vanam With the gopīs singing his praises, that leader of hundreds of groups of women sang loudly. He wandered in the forest wearing his Vaijayantī garland, beautifying the Vṛndāvana forest. SB 10.29.44 kaccit tulasi kalyāṇi govinda-caraṇa-priye saha tvāli-kulair bibhrad dṛṣṭas te ’ti-priyo ‘cyutaḥ O most kind Tulasī, to whom the feet of Govinda are so dear, have you seen that infallible one walk by, wearing you and encircled by swarms of bees? SB 10.30.7 Now he is wearing a jasmine garland. Thus he had three garlands. Or the vaijayantī garland was being worn and then he put on a tulasī garland when it appeared. Because the jasmine garland is beautiful in the moonlit night, he gave up the vaijayanti garland and put on the jasmine garland. Kula-pateḥ mean “of the king of Gokula, or the master of the gopīs.” Kṛṣṇa’s name is not directly mentioned out of shyness or cleverness. Having him alone as our master, we cannot maintain our lives in his absence. Therefore please quickly tell us. Or he is the master (pati) of persons who speak badly (kula). It is befitting that she is with such a person. They speak in hatred. Or he has associated with you (upagataḥ) and is still here. “Then search for him and find him.” He brought joy by his limbs. He has been seen by you, who are most fortunate. We cannot see him. “They are not here.” But the wind carries his fragrance.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Apaishunam (Non-slander)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Asteya (Non-stealing / Honesty)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)
Related verses
The doe is asked because she has seen the lover. The gopīs grant other beings their own relationships with Kṛṣṇa rather than monopolizing Him. True love wants Kṛṣṇa to be loved by everyone.
Reflection Questions
  • Do I rejoice when others love Kṛṣṇa, or do I quietly want to be the special one?
  • Whose devotion can I honor today as evidence that Kṛṣṇa is loved beyond my circle?

A hunter passing through scrub leaves his scent on the leaves — a doe will smell him before she sees him. The gopīs see a doe and her mate at peace and read in the doe's calm eyes a recent gift: the breeze itself carries kuṅkuma-laced kunda-fragrance from His garland. He passed here with Her.

📝 My note

← Read full Chapter 30