FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.10.29

या वीर्यशुल्केन हृता: स्वयंवरे प्रमथ्य चैद्यप्रमुखान् हि शुष्मिण: । प्रद्युम्नसाम्बाम्बसुतादयोऽपरा याश्चाहृता भौमवधे सहस्रश: ॥ २९ ॥
yā vīrya-śulkena hṛtāḥ svayaṁvare
[yaa veerya-shulkena hritaah svayamvare]
pramathya caidya-pramukhān hi śuṣmiṇaḥ
[pramathya chaidya-pramukhaan hi shushminah]
pradyumna-sāmbāmba-sutādayo ’parā
[pradyumna-saambaamba-sutaadayo ’paraa]
yāś cāhṛtā bhauma-vadhe sahasraśaḥ
[yaash chaahritaa bhauma-vadhe sahasrashah]
yā — the lady vīrya — prowess śulkena — by payment of the price hṛtāḥ — taken away by force svayaṁvare — in the open selection of the bridegroom pramathya — harassing caidya — King Śiśupāla pramukhān — headed by hi — positively śuṣmiṇaḥ — all very powerful pradyumna — Pradyumna (Kṛṣṇa’s son) sāmba — Sāmba amba — Amba suta-ādayaḥ — children aparāḥ — other ladies yāḥ — those ca — also āhṛtāḥ — similarly brought bhauma-vadhe — after killing kings sahasraśaḥ — by the thousands.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
yā vīrya-śulkena hṛtāḥ svayaṁvare
yā
the lady
vīrya
prowess
śulkena
by payment of the price
hṛtāḥ
taken away by force
svayaṁvare
in the open selection of the bridegroom
pramathya caidya-pramukhān hi śuṣmiṇaḥ
pramathya
harassing
caidya
King Śiśupāla
pramukhān
headed by
hi
positively
śuṣmiṇaḥ
all very powerful
pradyumna-sāmbāmba-sutādayo ’parā
pradyumna
Pradyumna (Kṛṣṇa’s son)
sāmba
Sāmba
amba
Amba
suta-ādayaḥ
children
aparāḥ
other ladies
yāś cāhṛtā bhauma-vadhe sahasraśaḥ
yāḥ
those
ca
also
āhṛtāḥ
similarly brought
bhauma-vadhe
after killing kings
sahasraśaḥ
by the thousands.
The children of these ladies are Pradyumna, Sāmba, Amba, etc. Ladies like Rukmiṇī, Satyabhāmā and Jāmbavatī were forcibly taken away by Him from their svayaṁvara ceremonies after He defeated many powerful kings, headed by Śiśupāla. And other ladies were also forcibly taken away by Him after He killed Bhaumāsura and thousands of his assistants. All of these ladies are glorious.

Exceptionally qualified daughters of powerful kings were allowed to make a choice of their own bridegrooms in open competition, and such ceremonies were called svayaṁvara, or selection of the bridegroom. Because the svayaṁvara was an open competition between the rival and valiant princes, such princes were invited by the father of the princess, and usually there were regular fights between the invited princely order in a sporting spirit. But it so happened that sometimes the belligerent princes were killed in such marriage-fighting, and the victorious prince was offered the trophy princess for whom so many princes died. Rukmiṇī, the principal queen of Lord Kṛṣṇa, was the daughter of the King of Vidarbha, who wished that his qualified and beautiful daughter be given away to Lord Kṛṣṇa. But her eldest brother wanted her to be given away to King Śiśupāla, who happened to be a cousin of Kṛṣṇa. So there was open competition, and as usual Lord Kṛṣṇa emerged successful, after harassing Śiśupāla and other princes by His unrivalled prowess. Rukmiṇī had ten sons, like Pradyumna. There were other queens also taken away by Lord Kṛṣṇa in a similar way. Full description of this beautiful booty of Lord Kṛṣṇa will be given in the Tenth Canto. There were 16,100 beautiful girls who were daughters of many kings and were forcibly stolen by Bhaumāsura, who kept them captive for his carnal desire. These girls prayed piteously to Lord Kṛṣṇa for their deliverance, and the merciful Lord, called by their fervent prayer, released them all by fighting and killing Bhaumāsura. All these captive princesses were then accepted by the Lord as His wives, although in the estimation of society they were all fallen girls. The all-powerful Lord Kṛṣṇa accepted the humble prayers of these girls and married them with the adoration of queens. So altogether Lord Kṛṣṇa had 16,108 queens at Dvārakā, and in each of them He begot ten children. All these children grew up, and each had as many children as the father. The aggregate of the family numbered in the millions.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Rukmiṇī, Jāmbavatī, Nāgnajitī and others, who were taken away at the price of valor after Kṛṣṇa defeated strong kings headed by Śiśupāla and others in the thousands, who were accepted by him on killing Narakāsura, and who had been impure and had lost all auspiciousness, then became the best of women, because lotus-eyed Kṛṣṇa, increasing the bliss in their hearts by bringing things to them, never left their houses.
Commentary

Two verses elaborate on what has been said. Vīrya-śulkena means “by the price of valor.” Śuṣminaḥ means “strong.” Those who had Pradyumna, Sāmba and Āmba as sons refers to Rukmiṇī, Jāmbavatī and Nāgnajitī. “Others” includes Satyabhāmā. Apāsta-peśalam means “having lost auspiciousness or independence.” Nirasta-śaucam means “having lost purity.” Kṛṣṇa never left their houses. He touched their hearts, or increased their bliss by bringing various beautiful gifts like the Pārijāta tree.

Pradyumna, Sāmba, Amba are their children; queens like Rukmiṇī and Satyabhāmā were taken from svayaṁvaras after defeating powerful kings. The Lord's relationships are won through love and conquest both. Devotion has stories.
Reflection Questions
  • What 'story' is my devotion building over time?
  • Where do I expect a relationship with the Lord without my own narrative effort?
📝 My note

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