FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 9.18.23

ययातिरनभिप्रेतं दैवोपहृतमात्मन: । मनस्तु तद्गतं बुद्ध्वा प्रतिजग्राह तद्वच: ॥ २३ ॥
yayātir anabhipretaṁ
[yayaatir anabhipretam]
daivopahṛtam ātmanaḥ
[daivopahritam aatmanah]
manas tu tad-gataṁ buddhvā
[manas tu tad-gatam buddhvaa]
pratijagrāha tad-vacaḥ
[pratijagraaha tad-vachah]
yayātiḥ — King Yayāti anabhipretam — not liked daiva-upahṛtam — brought about by providential arrangements ātmanaḥ — his personal interest manaḥ — mind tu — however tat-gatam — being attracted to her buddhvā — by such intelligence pratijagrāha — accepted tat-vacaḥ — the words of Devayānī.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
yayātir anabhipretaṁ
yayātiḥ
King Yayāti
anabhipretam
not liked
daivopahṛtam ātmanaḥ
daiva-upahṛtam
brought about by providential arrangements
ātmanaḥ
his personal interest
manas tu tad-gataṁ buddhvā
manaḥ
mind
tu
however
tat-gatam
being attracted to her
buddhvā
by such intelligence
pratijagrāha tad-vacaḥ
pratijagrāha
accepted
tat-vacaḥ
the words of Devayānī.
Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: Because such a marriage is not sanctioned by regular scriptures, King Yayāti did not like it, but because it was arranged by providence and because he was attracted by Devayānī’s beauty, he accepted her request.

According to the Vedic system, the parents would consider the horoscopes of the boy and girl who were to be married. If according to astrological calculations the boy and girl were compatible in every respect, the match was called yoṭaka and the marriage would be accepted. Even fifty years ago, this system was current in Hindu society. Regardless of the affluence of the boy or the personal beauty of the girl, without this astrological compatibility the marriage would not take place. A person is born in one of three categories, known as deva-gaṇa, manuṣya-gaṇa and rakṣasa-gaṇa. In different parts of the universe there are demigods and demons, and in human society also some people resemble demigods whereas others resemble demons. If according to astrological calculations there was conflict between a godly and a demoniac nature, the marriage would not take place. Similarly, there were calculations of pratiloma and anuloma. The central idea is that if the boy and girl were on an equal level the marriage would be happy, whereas inequality would lead to unhappiness. Because care is no longer taken in marriage, we now find many divorces. Indeed, divorce has now become a common affair, although formerly one’s marriage would continue lifelong, and the affection between husband and wife was so great that the wife would voluntarily die when her husband died or would remain a faithful widow throughout her entire life. Now, of course, this is no longer possible, for human society has fallen to the level of animal society. Marriage now takes place simply by agreement. Dāmpatye ’bhirucir hetuḥ ( Bhāg. 12.2.3 ). The word abhiruci means “agreement.” If the boy and girl simply agree to marry, the marriage takes place. But when the Vedic system is not rigidly observed, marriage frequently ends in divorce.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
King Yayāti did not like it, but because it was arranged by providence and because he considered that his mind was absorbed in dharma, he accepted her request. The marriage was undesirable because it would break religious principles for him to marry the daughter of a brāhmaṇa. But this arrangement had come to him by the will of the Supreme Lord. Since childhood I have not liked breaking religious principles. Since my mind is surrendered to the feet of my Lord, my mind does not enjoy sinful acts. But this is the subtle arrangement of dharma. It will not lead to adharma. Determining in this way, he agreed to her proposal.
Related verses
Yayāti is uncomfortable with the irregular marriage but accepts it as providence-arranged — and partly because Devayānī is beautiful. The Bhāgavatam admits the mixed motives without judgment, and lets us reckon honestly.
Reflection Questions
  • Where have I dressed my own mixed motive in the cloak of 'providence'?
  • Could I be more honest about which part of my decision is theology and which is desire?
📝 My note

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