FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 7.15.47

प्रवृत्तं च निवृत्तं च द्विविधं कर्म वैदिकम् । आवर्तते प्रवृत्तेन निवृत्तेनाश्नुतेऽमृतम् ॥ ४७ ॥
pravṛttaṁ ca nivṛttaṁ ca
[pravrittam cha nivrittam cha]
dvi-vidhaṁ karma vaidikam
[dvi-vidham karma vaidikam]
āvartate pravṛttena
[aavartate pravrittena]
nivṛttenāśnute ’mṛtam
[nivrittenaashnute ’mritam]
pravṛttam — inclination for material enjoyment ca — and nivṛttam — cessation of material enjoyment ca — and dvi-vidham — these two varieties karma — of activities vaidikam — recommended in the Vedas āvartate — one travels up and down through the cycle of saṁsāra pravṛttena — by an inclination for enjoying material activities nivṛttena — but by ceasing such activities aśnute — one enjoys amṛtam — eternal life.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
pravṛttaṁ ca nivṛttaṁ ca
pravṛttam
inclination for material enjoyment
ca
and
nivṛttam
cessation of material enjoyment
ca
and
dvi-vidhaṁ karma vaidikam
dvi-vidham
these two varieties
karma
of activities
vaidikam
recommended in the Vedas
āvartate pravṛttena
āvartate
one travels up and down through the cycle of saṁsāra
pravṛttena
by an inclination for enjoying material activities
nivṛttenāśnute ’mṛtam
nivṛttena
but by ceasing such activities
aśnute
one enjoys
amṛtam
eternal life.
According to the Vedas, there are two kinds of activities — pravṛtti and nivṛtti. Pravṛtti activities involve raising oneself from a lower to a higher condition of materialistic life, whereas nivṛtti means the cessation of material desire. Through pravṛtti activities one suffers from material entanglement, but by nivṛtti activities one is purified and becomes fit to enjoy eternal, blissful life.

As confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā (16.7) , pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca janā na vidur āsurāḥ: the asuras, nondevotees, cannot distinguish between pravṛtti and nivṛtti. Whatever they like they do. Such persons think themselves independent of the strong material nature, and therefore they are irresponsible and do not care to act piously. Indeed, they do not distinguish between pious and impious activity. Bhakti, of course, does not depend on pious or impious activity. As stated in Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (1.2.6) :

sa vai puṁsāṁ paro dharmo yato bhaktir adhokṣaje ahaituky apratihatā yayātmā suprasīdati

“The supreme occupation [ dharma ] for all humanity is that by which men can attain to loving devotional service unto the transcendent Lord. Such devotional service must be unmotivated and uninterrupted in order to completely satisfy the self.” Nonetheless, those who act piously have a better chance to become devotees. As Kṛṣṇa says in Bhagavad-gītā (7.16) , catur-vidhā bhajante māṁ janāḥ sukṛtino ’rjuna: “O Arjuna, four kinds of pious men render devotional service unto Me.” One who takes to devotional service, even with some material motive, is considered pious, and because he has come to Kṛṣṇa, he will gradually come to the stage of bhakti. Then, like Dhruva Mahārāja, he will refuse to accept any material benediction from the Lord ( svāmin kṛtārtho ’smi varaṁ na yāce ). Therefore, even if one is materially inclined, one may take to the shelter of the lotus feet of Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, or Gaura and Nitāi, so that he will very soon be purified of all material desires ( kṣipraṁ bhavati dharmātmā śaśvac chāntiṁ nigacchati ). As soon as one is freed from inclinations toward pious and impious activities, he becomes a perfect candidate for returning home, back to Godhead.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
There are two types of karma, pravṛrti and nivṛtti. By the path of pravṛtti one remains a householder. By the path of nivṛtti one becomes a sannyāsī. “Enjoyment in the word is prescribed in the scriptures. It is not forbidden.” That is true. According to qualification and differing results, one should see the arrangements made. This is explained in ten verses. By the path of pravṛtti one remains a householder. By the path of nivṛtti one becomes a sannyāsī.
Vedic activities are of two kinds: pravṛtti (advancing in material life) and nivṛtti (ceasing material desire). One leads to repeated birth; the other to the eternal abode. Know which path you are walking before you accelerate.
Reflection Questions
  • Which path — pravṛtti or nivṛtti — does most of your daily activity actually walk?
  • What single shift this week could move you a step toward nivṛtti?
📝 My note

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