FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 6.12.15

सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति प्रकृतेर्नात्मनो गुणा: । तत्र साक्षिणमात्मानं यो वेद स न बध्यते ॥ १५ ॥
sattvaṁ rajas tama iti
[sattvam rajas tama iti]
prakṛter nātmano guṇāḥ
[prakriter naatmano gunaah]
tatra sākṣiṇam ātmānaṁ
[tatra saakshinam aatmaanam]
yo veda sa na badhyate
[yo veda sa na badhyate]
sattvam — the mode of goodness rajaḥ — the mode of passion tamaḥ — the mode of ignorance iti — thus prakṛteḥ — of the material nature na — not ātmanaḥ — of the spirit soul guṇāḥ — the qualities tatra — in such a position sākṣiṇam — an observer ātmānam — the self yaḥ — anyone who veda — knows saḥ — he na — not badhyate — is bound.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
sattvaṁ rajas tama iti
sattvam
the mode of goodness
rajaḥ
the mode of passion
tamaḥ
the mode of ignorance
iti
thus
prakṛter nātmano guṇāḥ
prakṛteḥ
of the material nature
na
not
ātmanaḥ
of the spirit soul
guṇāḥ
the qualities
tatra sākṣiṇam ātmānaṁ
tatra
in such a position
sākṣiṇam
an observer
ātmānam
the self
yo veda sa na badhyate
yaḥ
anyone who
veda
knows
saḥ
he
na
not
badhyate
is bound.
One who knows that the three qualities — goodness, passion and ignorance — are not qualities of the soul but qualities of material nature, and who knows that the pure soul is simply an observer of the actions and reactions of these qualities, should be understood to be a liberated person. He is not bound by these qualities.

As the Lord explains in Bhagavad-gītā (18.54) :

brahma-bhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu mad-bhaktiṁ labhate parām

“One who is transcendentally situated at once realizes the Supreme Brahman and becomes fully joyful. He never laments or desires to have anything; he is equally disposed to every living entity. In that state he attains pure devotional service unto Me.” When one attains self-realization, the brahma-bhūta stage, one knows that whatever happens during his life is due to the contamination of the modes of material nature. The living being, the pure soul, has nothing to do with these modes. In the midst of the hurricane of the material world, everything changes very quickly, but if one remains silent and simply observes the actions and reactions of the hurricane, he is understood to be liberated. The real qualification of the liberated soul is that he remains Kṛṣṇa conscious, undisturbed by the actions and reactions of the material energy. Such a liberated person is always jubilant. He never laments or aspires for anything. Since everything is supplied by the Supreme Lord, the living entity, being fully dependent on Him, should not protest or accept anything in terms of his personal sense gratification; rather, he should receive everything as the mercy of the Lord and remain steady in all circumstances.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
One who knows that the guṇas of prakṛti, sattva, rajas and tamas are not the qualities of the soul and who knows that the soul is the observer is not bound by saṁsāra. Victory and defeat are the products of the guṇas alone. The soul is beyond the guṇas. If one can discriminate in this way, then one does not rejoice or lament. Badhyate means one is not bound by saṁsāra.
Goodness, passion and ignorance are qualities of material nature, not of the soul; one who knows this is not bound by anything. Discrimination between soul and nature is the actual liberation.
Reflection Questions
  • Where do I take the modes' fluctuations as my own personality?
  • What practice helps me feel the soul as observer rather than participant?
📝 My note

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