FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 4.28.12

तस्यां सन्दह्यमानायां सपौर: सपरिच्छद: । कौटुम्बिक: कुटुम्बिन्या उपातप्यत सान्वय: ॥ १२ ॥
tasyāṁ sandahyamānāyāṁ
[tasyaam sandahyamaanaayaam]
sapauraḥ saparicchadaḥ
[sapaurah saparichchadah]
kauṭumbikaḥ kuṭumbinyā
[kautumbikah kutumbinyaa]
upātapyata sānvayaḥ
[upaatapyata saanvayah]
tasyām — when that city sandahyamānāyām — was ablaze sa-pauraḥ — along with all the citizens sa-paricchadaḥ — along with all servants and followers kauṭumbikaḥ — the King, having so many relatives kuṭumbinyā — along with his wife upātapyata — began to suffer the heat of the fire sa-anvayaḥ — along with descendants.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
tasyāṁ sandahyamānāyāṁ
tasyām
when that city
sandahyamānāyām
was ablaze
sapauraḥ saparicchadaḥ
sa-pauraḥ
along with all the citizens
sa-paricchadaḥ
along with all servants and followers
kauṭumbikaḥ kuṭumbinyā
kauṭumbikaḥ
the King, having so many relatives
kuṭumbinyā
along with his wife
upātapyata sānvayaḥ
upātapyata
began to suffer the heat of the fire
sa-anvayaḥ
along with descendants.
When the city was set ablaze, all the citizens and servants of the King, as well as all family members, sons, grandsons, wives and other relatives, were within the fire. King Purañjana thus became very unhappy.

There are many parts of the body — the senses, the limbs, the skin, the muscles, blood, marrow, etc. — and all these are considered here figuratively as sons, grandsons, citizens and dependents. When the body is attacked by the viṣṇu-jvāra, the fiery condition becomes so acute that sometimes one remains in a coma. This means that the body is in such severe pain that one becomes unconscious and cannot feel the miseries taking place within the body. Indeed, the living entity becomes so helpless at the time of death that, although unwilling, he is forced to give up the body and enter another. In Bhagavad-gītā it is stated that man may, by scientific advancement, improve the temporary living conditions, but that he cannot avoid the pangs of birth, old age, disease and death. These are under the control of the Supreme Personality of Godhead through the agency of material nature. A foolish person cannot understand this simple fact. Now people are very busy trying to find petroleum in the midst of the ocean. They are very anxious to make provisions for the future petroleum supply, but they do not make any attempts to ameliorate the conditions of birth, old age, disease and death. Thus a person in ignorance, not knowing anything about his own future life, is certainly defeated in all his activities.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
As the city began burning, the King, along with the citizens, retinue, his wife, and extended family, began to feel the heat. The citizens are the seven dhātus. The retinue or servants are the senses. Kauṭumbikaḥ means one who enjoys with the wife. He suffered along with his intelligence. The descendents are the sons and grandsons. The lack of sandhi is poetic license.
All citizens, servants, family members were in the fire; Purañjana was unhappy. Family being burned-with-you is the deepest grief; the totality of loss arrives at once.
Reflection Questions
  • Whose grief at the totality of loss have I underestimated?
  • Where would imagining the deathbed scene re-prioritize my present hours?
📝 My note

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