FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 4.20.11

उदासीनमिवाध्यक्षं द्रव्यज्ञानक्रियात्मनाम् । कूटस्थमिममात्मानं यो वेदाप्नोति शोभनम् ॥ ११ ॥
udāsīnam ivādhyakṣaṁ
[udaaseenam ivaadhyaksham]
dravya-jñāna-kriyātmanām
[dravya-jnaana-kriyaatmanaam]
kūṭa-stham imam ātmānaṁ
[koota-stham imam aatmaanam]
yo vedāpnoti śobhanam
[yo vedaapnoti shobhanam]
udāsīnam — indifferent iva — simply adhyakṣam — the superintendent dravya — of the physical elements jñāna — knowledge-acquiring senses kriyā — working senses ātmanām — and of the mind kūṭa-stham — fixed imam — this ātmānam — soul yaḥ — anyone who veda — knows āpnoti — gets śobhanam — all good fortune.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
udāsīnam ivādhyakṣaṁ
udāsīnam
indifferent
iva
simply
adhyakṣam
the superintendent
dravya-jñāna-kriyātmanām
dravya
of the physical elements
jñāna
knowledge-acquiring senses
kriyā
working senses
ātmanām
and of the mind
kūṭa-stham imam ātmānaṁ
kūṭa-stham
fixed
imam
this
ātmānam
soul
yaḥ
anyone who
yo vedāpnoti śobhanam
veda
knows
āpnoti
gets
śobhanam
all good fortune.
Anyone who knows that this material body, made of the five gross elements, the sense organs, the working senses and the mind, is simply supervised by the fixed soul is eligible to be liberated from material bondage.

This verse describes how one can become liberated from material bondage. The first point is that one must know that the soul is different from his body. The soul is called dehī, or one who possesses the body, and the material body is called deha, or the embodiment of the soul. The body is changing at every moment, but the soul is fixed; therefore the soul is called kūṭa-stham. The change of body is enacted by the reactions of the three modes of nature. One who has understood the fixed position of the soul should not be disturbed by the incoming and outgoing interactions of the modes of material nature in the form of happiness and distress. In Bhagavad-gītā also, Lord Kṛṣṇa recommends that since happiness and distress come and go due to the interaction of the modes of nature on the body, one should not be disturbed by such external movements. Even though one is sometimes absorbed in such external movements, he has to learn to tolerate them. The living entity should be always indifferent to the action and reaction of the external body.

Lord Kṛṣṇa says in Bhagavad-gītā that the body, made of the gross physical elements (earth, water, fire, air and sky) and the subtle elements (mind, intelligence and ego), is completely different from the soul proper. One should therefore not be disturbed by the action and reaction of these eight gross and subtle material elements. The practical process to attain this stage of indifference is to execute devotional service. Only one who constantly engages in devotional service twenty-four hours a day can be indifferent to the action and reaction of the external body. When a man is absorbed in a particular thought, he does not hear or see any external activities, even though they are enacted in his presence. Similarly, those who are fully absorbed in devotional service do not care what is going on with the external body. That status is called samādhi. One who is actually situated in samādhi is understood to be a first-class yogī.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
One who knows the indifferent jīva as the superintendent of the mind along with gross organs, subtle sense organs and sense devatās and knows the Paramātmā attains release from this world. The correct vision is explained. One who knows the jīva, who acts without attachment (udāsīnam) in controlling the mind with sense objects, subtle organs and sense devatās, and knows the Paramātmā (kūtā-stham), attains release from this world. The word iva indicates that though the jīva is not completely indifferent to the world, in the state of practice he is aiming for perfection of jñāna.
Knowing the body is supervised by the soul makes one eligible for liberation. Understanding the chain of command in your own organism is itself liberating intelligence.
Reflection Questions
  • Where do I let the body supervise the soul, instead of the other way around?
  • What does it look like for the soul to actually be in charge of one routine bodily activity today?
📝 My note

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