FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 3.5.23

भगवानेक आसेदमग्र आत्मात्मनां विभु: । आत्मेच्छानुगतावात्मा नानामत्युपलक्षण: ॥ २३ ॥
bhagavān eka āsedam
[bhagavaan eka aasedam]
agra ātmātmanāṁ vibhuḥ
[agra aatmaatmanaam vibhuh]
ātmecchānugatāv ātmā
[aatmechchaanugataav aatmaa]
nānā-maty-upalakṣaṇaḥ
[naanaa-maty-upalakshanah]
bhagavān — the Personality of Godhead ekaḥ — one without a second āsa — was there idam — this creation agre — prior to the creation ātmā — in His own form ātmanām — of the living entities vibhuḥ — master ātmā — Self icchā — desire anugatau — being merged in ātmā — Self nānā-mati — different vision upalakṣaṇaḥ — symptoms.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
bhagavān eka āsedam
bhagavān
the Personality of Godhead
ekaḥ
one without a second
āsa
was there
idam
this creation
agra ātmātmanāṁ vibhuḥ
agre
prior to the creation
ātmā
in His own form
ātmanām
of the living entities
vibhuḥ
master
ātmecchānugatāv ātmā
ātmā
Self
icchā
desire
anugatau
being merged in
ātmā
Self
nānā-maty-upalakṣaṇaḥ
nānā-mati
different vision
upalakṣaṇaḥ
symptoms.
The Personality of Godhead, the master of all living entities, existed prior to the creation as one without a second. It is by His will only that creation is made possible and again everything merges in Him. This Supreme Self is symptomized by different names.

The great sage here begins to explain the purpose of the four original verses of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. Although they have no access to the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, the followers of the Māyāvāda (impersonalist) school sometimes screw out an imaginary explanation of the original four verses, but we must accept the actual explanation given herein by Maitreya Muni because he, along with Uddhava, personally heard it directly from the Lord. The first line of the original four verses runs, aham evāsam evāgre. The word aham is misinterpreted by the Māyāvāda school into meanings which no one but the interpreter can understand. Here aham is explained as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, not the individual living entities. Before the creation, there was only the Personality of Godhead; there were no puruṣa incarnations and certainly no living entities, nor was there the material energy, by which the manifested creation is effected. The puruṣa incarnations and all the different energies of the Supreme Lord were merged in Him only.

The Personality of Godhead is described herein as the master of all other living entities. He is like the sun disc, and the living entities are like the molecules of the sun’s rays. This existence of the Lord before the creation is confirmed by the śrutis: vāsudevo vā idaṁ agra āsīt na brahmā na ca śaṅkaraḥ, eko vai nārāyaṇa āsīn na brahmā neśānāḥ. Because everything that be is an emanation from the Personality of Godhead, He always exists alone without a second. He can so exist because He is all-perfect and omnipotent. Everything other than Him, including His plenary expansions, the viṣṇu-tattvas, is His part and parcel. Before the creation there were no Kāraṇārṇavaśāyī or Garbhodakaśāyī or Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇus, nor was there Brahmā or Śaṅkara. The Viṣṇu plenary expansion and the living entities beginning from Brahmā are separated parts and parcels. Although the spiritual existence was there with the Lord, the material existence was dormant in Him. By His will only is the material manifestation done and undone. The diversity of the Vaikuṇṭhaloka is one with the Lord, just as the diversity of soldiers is one with and the same as the king. As explained in Bhagavad-gītā (9.7) , the material creation takes place at intervals by the will of the Lord, and in the periods between dissolution and creation, the living entities and the material energy remain dormant in Him.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Bhagavān, who exists in the form of Paramātmā and Brahman according to the viewpoint, alone existed before the creation of the universe, when the desire to create bodies of the jīvas was absent. In order to describe creation, the prior state is first described. Before the creation of the universe (idam agre), Bhagavān, full of six powers, existed alone, since everything was merged in him. This means that the Lord acted as the adhiṣṭhana-kāraṇa, the basis of everything and that all his energies, which still existed at that time, are considered the effect. He is the Paramātmā, (ātmātmanām), worshipped by the yogīs, and he is the all-pervading Brahman worshipped by the jñānīs (vihuḥ). He is thus described differently because of the differing views the differing worshippers—bhaktas, yogīs and jñānīs. Even the śrutis describe this. Vāsudevo vā idamagra āsīnna brahmā na ca śaṅkara: in the beginning, before the creation of the universe Vāsudeva alone existed, and not Brahmā or Śiva. Eko nārāyaṇa evāsīnna brahmā neśāna: Only Nārāyaṇa exists, and not Brahmā or Śiva. Ātmaivedamagra āsīd: the Lord alone existed in the beginning. Sadevāsīt: the Lord always existed. Before the creation, for how long was he alone? It started from the previous destruction of matter, when there was disappearance (anugatau) of the desire to create (icchā) bodies for the jīvas (ātmā).
The cosmology here is not abstract scenery — it locates the reader inside a vast, intelligent order. Seeing your tiny role in this design quietly cools the urge to make yourself the centre. The pivot here is Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Reflection Questions
  • What would change in your prayer if you remembered how small your sphere actually is?
  • Which 'cosmic' problem are you trying to solve when your actual task is just to play your small part well?
📝 My note

← Read full Chapter 5