FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 12.1.1-2

श्रीशुक उवाच योऽन्त्य: पुरञ्जयो नाम भविष्यो बारहद्रथ: । तस्यामात्यस्तु शुनको हत्वा स्वामिनमात्मजम् ॥ १ ॥ प्रद्योतसंज्ञं राजानं कर्ता यत् पालक: सुत: । विशाखयूपस्तत्पुत्रो भविता राजकस्तत: ॥ २ ॥
śrī-śuka uvāca
[shree-shuka uvaacha]
yo ’ntyaḥ purañjayo nāma
[yo ’ntyah puranjayo naama]
bhaviṣyo bārahadrathaḥ
[bhavishyo baarahadrathah]
tasyāmātyas tu śunako
[tasyaamaatyas tu shunako]
hatvā svāminam ātma-jam
[hatvaa svaaminam aatma-jam]
pradyota-saṁjñaṁ rājānaṁ
[pradyota-samjnam raajaanam]
kartā yat-pālakaḥ sutaḥ
[kartaa yat-paalakah sutah]
viśākhayūpas tat-putro
[vishaakhayoopas tat-putro]
bhavitā rājakas tataḥ
[bhavitaa raajakas tatah]
śrī śukaḥ uvāca — Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said yaḥ — who antyaḥ — the final member (of the lineage described in the Ninth Canto) purañjayaḥ — Purañjaya (Ripuñjaya) nāma — named bhaviṣyaḥ — will live in the future bārahadrathaḥ — the descendant of Bṛhadratha tasya — his amātyaḥ — minister tu — but śunakaḥ — Śunaka hatvā — killing svāminam — his master ātma-jam — his own son pradyota-saṁjñam — named Pradyota rājānam — the king kartā — will make yat — whose pālakaḥ — named Pālaka sutaḥ — the son viśākhayūpaḥ — Viśākhayūpa tat-putraḥ — the son of Pālaka bhavitā — will be rājakaḥ — Rājaka tataḥ — then (coming as the son of Viśākhayūpa).
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-śuka uvāca
śrī śukaḥ uvāca
Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said
yo ’ntyaḥ purañjayo nāma
yaḥ
who
antyaḥ
the final member (of the lineage described in the Ninth Canto)
bhaviṣyo bārahadrathaḥ
tasyāmātyas tu śunako
hatvā svāminam ātma-jam
pradyota-saṁjñaṁ rājānaṁ
kartā yat-pālakaḥ sutaḥ
viśākhayūpas tat-putro
purañjayaḥ
Purañjaya (Ripuñjaya)
nāma
named
bhavitā rājakas tataḥ
bhaviṣyaḥ
will live in the future
bārahadrathaḥ
the descendant of Bṛhadratha
tasya
his
amātyaḥ
minister
tu
but
śunakaḥ
Śunaka
hatvā
killing
svāminam
his master
ātma-jam
his own son
pradyota-saṁjñam
named Pradyota
rājānam
the king
kartā
will make
yat
whose
pālakaḥ
named Pālaka
sutaḥ
the son
viśākhayūpaḥ
Viśākhayūpa
tat-putraḥ
the son of Pālaka
bhavitā
will be
rājakaḥ
Rājaka
tataḥ
then (coming as the son of Viśākhayūpa).
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: The last king mentioned in our previous enumeration of the future rulers of the Māgadha dynasty was Purañjaya, who will take birth as the descendant of Bṛhadratha. Purañjaya’s minister Śunaka will assassinate the king and install his own son, Pradyota, on the throne. The son of Pradyota will be Pālaka, his son will be Viśākhayūpa, and his son will be Rājaka.

The vicious political intrigue described here is symptomatic of the Age of Kali. In the Ninth Canto of this work, Śukadeva Gosvāmī describes how the great rulers of men descended from two royal dynasties, that of the sun and that of the moon. The Ninth Canto’s description of Lord Rāmacandra, a most famous incarnation of God, occurs in this genealogical narration, and at the end of the Ninth Canto Śukadeva describes the forefathers of Lord Kṛṣṇa and Lord Balarāma. Finally, the appearance of Lord Kṛṣṇa and that of Lord Balarāma are mentioned within the context of the narration of the moon dynasty.

The Tenth Canto is devoted exclusively to a description of Lord Kṛṣṇa’s childhood pastimes in Vṛndāvana, His teenage activities in Mathurā and His adult activities in Dvārakā. The famous epic Mahābhārata also describes the events of this period, focusing upon the five Pāṇḍava brothers and their activities in relation with Lord Kṛṣṇa and other leading historical figures, such as Bhīṣma, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Droṇācārya and Vidura. Within the Mahābhārata is Bhagavad-gītā, in which Lord Kṛṣṇa is declared to be the Absolute Truth, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, of which we are presently translating the twelfth and final canto, is considered a more advanced literature than the Mahābhārata because throughout the entire work Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Absolute Truth and supreme source of all existence, is directly, centrally and irrefutably revealed. In fact, the First Canto of the Bhāgavatam describes how Śrī Vyāsadeva composed this great work because he was dissatisfied with his rather sporadic glorification of Lord Kṛṣṇa in the Mahābhārata.

Although Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam narrates the histories of many royal dynasties and the lives of innumerable kings, not until the description of the present age, the Age of Kali, do we find a minister assassinating his own king and installing his son on the throne. This incident resembles Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s attempt to assassinate the Pāṇḍavas and crown his son Duryodhana king. As the Mahābhārata describes, Lord Kṛṣṇa thwarted this attempt, but with the departure of the Lord for the spiritual sky, the Age of Kali became fully manifested, ushering in political assassination within one’s own house as a standard technique.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: The last king mentioned of the future rulers of the Māgadha dynasty was Purañjaya, a descendant of Bṛhadratha. Purañjaya's minister Śunaka will assassinate the king and install his own son, Pradyota, on the throne. The son of Pradyota will be Pālaka, his son will be Viśākhayūpa, and his son will be Rājaka. Offering respects to guru and Kṛṣṇa, the ocean of mercy, I take shelter of Śukadeva, master of the world, eye of the universe. I offer myself and everything I possess to Kṛṣṇa, who is the life of the gopīs and the controller, for service to his dear devotees. The Twelfth Canto, in thirteen chapters, discusses the four types of nirodha or destruction. Amidst this, there are also topics about Kṛṣṇa. Three chapters discuss the destruction of dharma in Kali-yuga. Two chapters describe conversations between Śukadeva and Parīkṣit. One chapter discusses the Purāṇas. Three chapters describe Mārkaṇḍeya and the movements of the sun. Three chapters conclude the Bhāgavata Purāṇa. In two Cantos (10th and 11th), the nectar of Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes in the moon dynasty has been described for drowning all people in bliss. Now, in order to produce detachment from all other things in people, the rest of the moon dynasty is described. The Ninth Canto described that in the Puru dynasty Uparicaravasu had a son named Bṛhadratha. His son was Jarāsandha, whose son was Sahadeva. Now, in this dynasty the son of Sahadeva was named Mārjārī, and Mārjārī’s son was Śrutaśravā. In this way, twenty kings up to Ripuñjaya were described. [Note: SB 9.22.49] The end of the dynasty when the families become mixed is also described. Purañjaya (another name for Ripuñjaya) was the descendant of Bṛhadratha. After killing him, Śunaka will install his son Pradyota as king. Pradoyta’s son was called Pālaka. Because this line arose from Pradyota it is called the Pradyotana dynasty.
Power-hungry betrayal — a minister killing his own master and installing his son — marks the dawn of Kali-yuga. The Bhāgavatam names this corruption clearly so we can see the age we live in, and choose a life centered on Kṛṣṇa rather than power games.
Reflection Questions
  • Where in my own life or society do I see ambition crowding out loyalty and dharma?
  • What anchors me when the surrounding culture rewards intrigue rather than integrity?
📝 My note

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