• dharma-gup-tanuḥ — whose body protects dharma
  Compound: dharma + gup (root √gup, to protect) + tanu (body). Gauḍīyas read tanu here as Kṛṣṇa's nara-līlā body — voluntarily assumed for protection of varṇāśrama and the bhakti-mārga that crowns it.
• bhagavān — the Supreme Lord
  Six opulences in full (Viṣṇu Purāṇa 6.5.47, cited by Jīva Gosvāmī). The choice of bhagavān rather than kṛṣṇa here signals that the One about to speak speaks with all six aiśvaryas — wealth, strength, fame, beauty, knowledge, renunciation.
• yata-vācaḥ — whose speech was subdued
  yata (controlled, restrained) + vāc (speech). The audience has gone silent before Bhagavān speaks. Gauḍīyas treat this kind of attention as the prerequisite for hari-kathā-śravaṇa — the first limb of nava-vidha-bhakti.
• anuśṛṇvataḥ — listening carefully
  anu + √śru (to hear). The same root as śravaṇa, the foundational limb of bhakti. Gauḍīyas hold that the quality of one's hearing decides what one becomes — anuśravaṇa is the disciplic ear.

• Where am I impatient to speak before the necessary courtesies are done?
• What in my devotional life suffers from skipping the small forms?

Bhagavān speaking in the assembly is the sun moving through a hall of mirrors — every silenced face becomes a small bright surface. The dharma-protecting body He wears is the same field of warmth that Yaśodā tied up in Vraja: tanu, the deliberately limited form by which the unlimited becomes audible.