Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.80.29
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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akāma - vihitam
—
uninfluenced by material desires
Compound: a- (not) + kāma (desire) + vihita (arranged, set up). Sudāmā's mind is not arranged by kāma. Gauḍīyas note: this is the niṣkāma standard the Bhāgavatam prescribes (SB 1.2.6 — sa vai puṁsāṁ paro dharmo) — bhakti is by definition akāma.
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prīyase
—
you take pleasure
Passive of √prī. The verb of pleasure-taking. The verse measures the bhakta by what he takes pleasure in — and Sudāmā does not take much pleasure in dhana. Gauḍīyas note: rasa-target redefines the person.
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vidvan
—
O wise one
Vocative of vidvas — one who knows. Sudāmā is acknowledged as a knower; his poverty is not for lack of capability, but for the choice of priorities.
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dhaneṣu
—
in the pursuit of material wealth
Locative plural of dhana. Wealth as a class of pursuits, plural. The verse covers the whole field — Sudāmā has not even partial pleasure in any dhana-pursuit.
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viditam
—
it is known
Past participle of √vid. The Lord declares omniscience naturally — He knows His bhakta's interior. Gauḍīyas note: Bhagavān reads the bhakta from inside, not from self-report.
Lord Kṛṣṇa here reveals that in fact He was well aware of His friend’s situation. Sudāmā was actually learned and spiritually advanced, and therefore he was not interested in ordinary sense gratification, as is the common man.
"Even though you are not speaking out of embarrassment, I know everything." With that intention he speaks this verse. "Though you are a householder your heart is not disturbed by lust. I know , O wise one (vidvan), that, knowing the temporary nature of material enjoyment, you have little attraction for wealth, clothing and other things. Therefore I will not give these things now." The words prayah (almost not) and ati ( not too attached), indicate : if you are attached only because of the requests of your wife, I will give these things later. Just see, this man though a householder is without desires and does not desire anything from others. Even if forceably given, he will not accept things. To broadcast his fame in Dvaraka, I will not reveal his desire to anyone, and therefore will not give anything visible to him here.
Kṛṣṇa makes this statement in order to hint at his destitute condition. The prefixes vi and ati and the word prāyaḥ indicate a condition of being overcome by desires. Sudāmā was not like that. His intention is to say, “I will give you what you desire.”
With all doubts resolved, why ask questions? I know well that you do not like wealth. Generally you are not affection by desire. You do not like wealth too much (atipriyase) and are generally without desire (akāma-vihitam). Sometimes though you have desire and have some attraction to wealth. Thus the questions are asked. Being without desire completely, there would be no fault in not marrying at all after graduation.
- What does Kṛṣṇa see in me that others cannot see?
- What does it mean to be 'in household affairs' but with mind unaffected?
Like a gardener who notices that one of his vines bears fruit without pesticide, Kṛṣṇa names the rare phenomenon: a householder whose mind is uncolored by kāma. He does not ask Sudāmā to confirm it — He declares He knows.
My note
Source: vedabase.io