• acyutaḥ — Lord Kṛṣṇa
  From a- + √cyu. 'The never-falling.' Yet the verse delights in showing Acyuta falling — leaping up, running forward, embracing. Gauḍīyas treat this as Kṛṣṇa's bhakta-vatsala self-contradiction: the unfalling falls before His own bhakta.
• priyā — of His beloved consort
  Adjective: dear, beloved. Rukmiṇī's bed. Gauḍīyas read the detail as deliberate: even Kṛṣṇa's intimate luxury is interrupted for Sudāmā — sakhya momentarily outranks the queen's company.
• paryaṅkam — on the bed
  From pari-√añj. The royal couch — symbol of Dvārakā's aiśvarya. The verse's contrast is structural: from paryaṅka He rises; in verse 20 He seats Sudāmā on the same paryaṅka. The bed migrates from Kṛṣṇa to His friend.
• sahasā — immediately
  Adverb: at once, abruptly. Bhāgavatam's choice of word — no pause, no deliberation. The Lord's response to His bhakta's arrival is reflex, not protocol.
• abhyetya — coming forward
  Gerund of abhi-√i. He went toward Sudāmā — not waited. Gauḍīyas mark this verb: Kṛṣṇa walks to His devotee. The hierarchy of approach is reversed.
• paryagrahīt — embraced
  Aorist of pari-√grah. Pari- intensifies — He completely embraced. Sākṣāt aṅga-saṅga: physical contact is the verse's culmination, and v.19 will catch the tears that follow.

• Do I rise and go to meet my friends, or wait for them to come?
• What would change if I imitated the Lord here?

A king on his queen's bed, on seeing his old schoolmate at the door, drops everything mid-rest and runs forward arms outstretched. Acyuta — never-falling — falls upon Sudāmā with embrace. The aiśvarya of the bed is overridden by the sakhya of the friend.