• ṣoḍaśabhiḥ — with sixteen
  Instrumental plural — sixteen. A number traditionally associated with completeness (sixteen kalās of the Lord, sixteen names of the mahā-mantra). The count signals fullness of response, not haste.
• śara-sandohaiḥ — with showers of arrows
  Compound: śara (arrow) + sandoha (multitude, milking). Sandoha literally means "milking together" — the arrows flow from the bow as milk flows from the cow's udder, an image dear to Vraja, here transposed into Dvārakā's warfare.
• sūryaḥ iva raśmibhiḥ — like the sun with its rays
  The verse's central simile. Gauḍīyas connect this to Caitanya-caritāmṛta's repeated description of Kṛṣṇa as the sun and the jīvas as His rays — acintya-bhedābheda's classical image. Even in battle the Lord shines as that same sun.

• Do I respond to problems with enough force, or hold back trying to be 'reasonable'?
• Where is sun-like generosity in response the right scale?

Sixteen arrows into Śālva, a flood of shafts into the Saubha as it darts about the sky — Kṛṣṇa firing arrows resembles the sun flooding the heavens with rays. The Lord's response to a moving, hovering, mocking enemy is not concentrated rage but a sun-broad, even illumination of arrows from every direction.