• śākhā-mṛgaḥ — the ape — lit. "branch-animal"
  Compound: śākhā (branch) + mṛga (animal). The standard Sanskrit kenning for monkey. Vyāsa chooses it deliberately here; the next word is śākhām (a branch) — the animal of branches has climbed a branch. Sound-play that mocks the demon.
• duṣṭaḥ — mischievous, corrupt
  From √duṣ (to spoil). Same root as dūṣaṇa (defilement, v.6). The Bhāgavatam uses duṣṭa for a specific moral category — not merely naughty but spoiled at the root, beyond ordinary śikṣā.
• kampayan-drumān — shaking the trees
  Causative present participle of √kamp (to tremble). The same trees will become his weapons (v.17) and then his graveyard (v.22). The verse plants the imagery the climax will harvest.
• kilakilā-śabdam — the sound kilakilā
  Onomatopoeic: the chittering shriek of monkeys. SB's poet refuses to dignify the demon's noise; he gives the precise zoological sound. Comic and contemptuous at once.
• ātmānam-sampradarśayan — showing himself off
  Self-display is the asuric counterfeit of darśana. Bhagavān's darśana is given out of mercy; the asura forces his own darśana out of pride. Two opposite movements of the verb "to be seen."

• Where do I mock what I do not have the courage to seek?
• What mockery in my speech reveals the worship I am avoiding?

An insult chooses its moment: the ape waits till the Lord is unguarded in sport and then shakes the trees overhead. Asura-buddhi is keen for the gap between aiśvarya and mādhurya — but the gap is Bhagavān's choice, not his vulnerability.