• nirbhinna — broken
  nir + √bhid, 'split apart, fractured.' Precise anatomical word — limbs and skulls split, not merely bruised. Bhāgavata-Sanskrit does not soften the violence.
• rudhira-ukṣitāḥ — drenched in blood
  rudhira (blood) + ukṣita (sprinkled). The Vedic root ukṣ names ritual sprinkling — the verse subtly frames the kings' bleeding as an inverted abhiṣeka, their own blood the consecrating fluid of their folly.
• balena — by Lord Balarāma
  Instrumental of Bala. Names the agent of the wreckage. Bhāgavata stresses that this is Balarāma's act alone — Kṛṣṇa's hand is conspicuously absent, setting up verse 39.
• parigha-arditāḥ — tormented by His club
  parigha (club) + ardita (pained). The same club from verse 36 finishes its night's work. Bhāgavata's weapon-vocabulary holds the line: one club, one chapter, decisively.

• What alliance have I joined whose true consequences I am not yet willing to see?
• How can I leave a destructive crowd before its fall lands on me?

Like a herd of cattle scattered when a tiger has chosen one and is finished with him, the kings flee with broken arms and bloodied heads — the same kings who urged Rukmī into the game now learning that the cowherd's plough-bearing brother is not the kind of god you provoke and survive.