Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.46.47
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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bhagavati-udite-sūrye
—
when the lord-sun had risen
Locative absolute: bhagavat (lord) + udita (risen) + sūrya. The Bhāgavatam calls even the sun bhagavat — preparing the listener for the higher Bhagavān-meaning. Gauḍīya: the chapter is full of bhagavān-substitutions (the sun, the bull, the lion); each is a partial śakti of the one Bhagavān.
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vraja - okasaḥ
—
the residents of Vraja
Compound: Vraja + okas (dweller). The chapter's first generic-naming of the village's population. Gauḍīya: vraja-vāsī is a technical category — those who dwell in the dhāma are eternally qualified for the highest rasa, regardless of their conscious recognition of Kṛṣṇa's identity.
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śātakaumbham
—
made of gold
Accusative of śātakaumbha — 'gold of the Śata-kumbha mine,' a poetic intensifier. The chariot is not merely gilt but pure gold. Vraja knows what gold means: foreign, royal, Mathurā-style. Their dread in verse 48-49 is socially situated.
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nanda - dvāri
—
at Nanda's doorway
Compound: Nanda + dvār (door), locative. Same dvāra Akrūra's chariot stood at in SB 10.39, when Kṛṣṇa was being taken away. The gopīs recognize the location; the recognition will trigger the next verse's terror.
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kasya-ayam
—
whose is this?
Interrogative pronoun + demonstrative. The collective question. The Bhāgavatam preserves the gopīs' actual speech — small, common, frightened. Vraja-rasa is built from such overheard sentences.
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abruvan
—
they spoke
Third-person plural imperfect of √brū. Plural-speaking — they speak in chorus. Gauḍīya: gopī-conversation is structurally collective; one woman's grief is the village's grief.
The gopis, feeling separation, (vrajaukasah), saw the chariot of Uddhava. (Here the manifestation of Vraja in separation again appears.)
The sun is called bhagavati since it has the power to destroy darkness or it is a traditional object in which to worship the Lord. The sun is also praised because the people of Vraja were satisfied with its rising, since that would be happiness at gaining some news of Kṛṣṇa. The men are described in this verse. The women are described later. They could not identify the chariot since they always stayed in Vraja (vrajaukasaḥ). Since it was covered in gold plate, it was extraordinary. They said “Whose is this?” The word ca indicates they also spoke other words.
The sun is called bhagavati because it has the power to destroy darkness or because the sun is residence of the Lord who is worshipped there. Since the people always stayed in Vraja (vrajaukasaḥ), they were unfamiliar with the chariot. It was astonishing, made of gold. They spoke and also cried, remembering Akrūra’s chariot. Here the gopīs are meant, since later it is said that the women spoke. Or all the people spoke. Then hearing those words, the women spoke.
- What 'golden chariot' has arrived at your door that you haven't yet noticed?
- Where does inquiry into anomalies need to enter your morning routine?
The sun rises; the gopīs notice the gold chariot in Nanda's doorway. The chapter pivots from interior tattva-conversation to exterior community-discovery. A gold chariot in a cowherd village is a foreign object — the women's response will be neither welcome nor curiosity but dread.
My note
Source: vedabase.io