• śūra - sutaḥ — the son of Śūrasena
  Vasudeva is named by his father's name (Śūrasena) at the moment he becomes father-as-ritual-actor. The chapter is keeping the genealogy in motion: grandfather honored (v.12), now father acting as father.
• purodhasā — by a priest
  Purohita — household priest, ritual specialist. Verse establishes the saṁskāra is done by proper Vedic authority, not informally. Gauḍīya gṛhasthas like Vasudeva uphold smārta procedure even in their dealings with the Supreme.
• samakārayat — had performed
  Causative aorist of sam + √kṛ — caused to be done completely. Vasudeva does not personally perform but arranges; the proper ritual division of labor is observed.
• dvija - saṁskṛtim — second-birth initiation
  Dvi-ja = twice-born; saṁskṛti = sanctifying rite. Upanayana — the thread ceremony that opens Veda-adhyayana. Bhagavān, the source of the Veda, formally enters Veda-study by ritual.
• yathā - vat — properly
  Yathā-vat = in due manner. Compliance with vidhi. Vasudeva does not cut corners with Bhagavān as son; the saṁskāra is done by the book.

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• What sacramental commitment is overdue in your spiritual life?
• Where do you let emotional reunion substitute for formal initiation?

Vasudeva arranging the dvija-saṁskāra (sacred-thread initiation) for Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma is the householder's joy of finally doing what he was prevented from doing for the right reason: not because the boys need it cosmically, but because vātsalya needs the saṁskāra performed by its own hand.