Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.34.1
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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ekadā
—
once, one day
The narrative marker that opens a new Vraja-līlā beat. Śuka's storytelling rhythm: each ekadā signals that Bhagavān is about to reveal another face of His sweetness in the ordinary days of the cowherds.
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deva-yatrāyām
—
on a trip to worship the deity (Śiva)
Compound of deva (Śiva here) and yatrā (pilgrimage). Gauḍīyas read this trip as proper smārta dharma being performed by Nanda's people — Vaiṣṇavas can honor Śiva as Vaiṣṇavānāṁ yathā śambhuḥ, the greatest Vaiṣṇava, without compromising Kṛṣṇa-niṣṭhā.
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jāta-kautukāḥ
—
eager, filled with festive enthusiasm
Kautuka is the eager, celebratory mood of devotees on pilgrimage. Even mundane-looking journeys in Vraja are charged with bhāva, because the destination, the road, and the company are all touched by Kṛṣṇa.
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ambikā-vanam
—
the Ambikā forest
The site of Śiva and Ambikā's shrine. The chapter unfolds inside a Śaiva tīrtha to show that even within Śiva's own domain, when crisis comes, the surrendered devotee calls 'Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa,' and Kṛṣṇa answers.
According to Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī, the word ekadā here indicates the occasion of Śiva-rātri. He further mentions that Ambikāvana is in Gujarat province, near the city of Siddhapura. Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura adds that the departure of the cowherd men specifically took place on the fourteenth lunar day of the dark fortnight of the month of Phālguna. Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī also quotes authorities who claim that Ambikāvana lies on the bank of the Sarasvatī River, northwest of Mathurā. Ambikāvana is notable because within it are deities of Śrī Śiva and his wife, goddess Umā.
The thirty fourth chapter describes how Krsna delivered his father Nanda from being swallowed by a snake, killing Sankhacuda, the son of Kuvera and taking his crown jewel. After describing the autumn rasa lila and before describing the holi lila of spring, Sukadeva describes the celebration of Siva ratri. On the caturdasi (waning phase) of phalguna month, the inhabitants of Vraja when to Amibika vana, a forest with Siva and Uma deities on the bank of the Sarasvati river to the northwest of Mathura. Others however say that the place was located at Siddhapura in Gujarat.
To show a similar pastime, related to the same subject as the rāsa dance, and which ends with the killing of Śaṅkhacūḍa, Śukadeva now relates another pastime which shows Kṛṣṇa’s power used to prevent opposing persons from interfering with such pastimes. This pastime of going to Ambikāvana chronologically comes between the rāsa dance and the Horikā pastime. After the rāsa dance (ekadā), during Śiva-rātri in Phālguna month, the cowherds (gopālāḥ) became eager to go on pilgrimage to a Śiva temple. On should understand that it was ultimately because of Kṛṣṇa’s eagerness, as in the Govardhana pastime. They were fully devoted to his desires. Or, they developed complete eagerness (ā-jāta-kautukāḥ) because of the cowherd Kṛṣṇa (gopāla). Kṛṣṇa had a hidden agenda of easily associating with the gopīs at this time. He had similar feelings as in the previous pastime of rāsa līlā. Anaḍuh means oxen. But its derivation is “carrying a cart.” Thus they used oxen which easily pulled the carts. They used carts to bring many articles for gifting at the holy place. Thus they travelled conspicuously (pra—yayuḥ). Ambikāvana was northwest of Mathurā district on the bank of the Sarasvatī River with Śiva and Durgā as the presiding deities. Or, it was a holy place not far from Siddhapur in Gujarat province. They went there because it was very famous.
Śukadeva begins a related story to show the increase of bhakti for the Lord in the cowherds by showing them directly his power. He describes another similar pastime, where human pastimes were mixed with power. It was during his kaiśora period, which some say was Śiva-rātrī (Phalguna month), and some say was during Kartika. The cowherds became eager to go to visit Śiva (deva). They went out of curiosity or for fun, not because of material desires, since they were cowherds, whose quality was having fun. They yoked huge bulls to their carts, since cowherds normally travel by cart, and they had to carry many goods for offering to the tīrtha. They went gloriously (pra-yayuḥ). Ambikāvana was northwest of Mathurā district on the bank of the Sarasvatī River with Śiva and Durgā as the presiding deities. Or, it was a holy place not far from Siddhapur in Gujarat province.
- Where do you confuse exclusive devotion with disrespect for other forms of worship?
- What pilgrimage or festival could you keep more faithfully this year?
The cowherds yoke their bullocks and set off for Ambikā-vana to worship Śiva — but the protector who actually rides in the cart, unnamed in the verse, is Kṛṣṇa Himself. Vaiṣṇava worship of devas is honored when it stays anchored to the source: like a servant honoring the king's ministers while never forgetting which throne the salaries come from.
My note
Source: vedabase.io