FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.29.30

प्रेष्ठं प्रियेतरमिव प्रतिभाषमाणं कृष्णं तदर्थविनिवर्तितसर्वकामा: । नेत्रे विमृज्य रुदितोपहते स्म किञ्चित्- संरम्भगद्गदगिरोऽब्रुवतानुरक्ता: ॥ ३० ॥
preṣṭhaṁ priyetaram iva pratibhāṣamāṇaṁ
[preshtham priyetaram iva pratibhaashamaanam]
kṛṣṇaṁ tad-artha-vinivartita-sarva-kāmāḥ
[krishnam tad-artha-vinivartita-sarva-kaamaah]
netre vimṛjya ruditopahate sma kiñcit
[netre vimrijya ruditopahate sma kinchit]
saṁrambha-gadgada-giro ’bruvatānuraktāḥ
[samrambha-gadgada-giro ’bruvataanuraktaah]
preṣṭham — their beloved priya - itaram — just the opposite of a beloved iva — as if pratibhāṣamāṇam — addressing them kṛṣṇam — Lord Kṛṣṇa tat - artha — for His sake vinivartita — desisted from sarva — all kāmāḥ — their material desires netre — their eyes vimṛjya — wiping rudita — their crying upahate — having stopped sma — then kiñcit — something saṁrambha — with agitation gadgada — choking up giraḥ — their voices abruvata — they spoke anuraktāḥ — firmly attached .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
preṣṭhaṁ priyetaram iva pratibhāṣamāṇaṁ
preṣṭham
their beloved
priya - itaram
just the opposite of a beloved
iva
as if
pratibhāṣamāṇam
addressing them
kṛṣṇaṁ tad-artha-vinivartita-sarva-kāmāḥ
kṛṣṇam
Lord Kṛṣṇa
tat - artha
for His sake
vinivartita
desisted from
sarva
all
kāmāḥ
their material desires
netre vimṛjya ruditopahate sma kiñcit
netre
their eyes
vimṛjya
wiping
rudita
their crying
upahate
having stopped
sma
then
kiñcit
something
saṁrambha-gadgada-giro ’bruvatānuraktāḥ
saṁrambha
with agitation
gadgada
choking up
giraḥ
their voices
abruvata
they spoke
anuraktāḥ
firmly attached .
  • preṣṭham — the most dear one
    Superlative of priya. The word the verse insists on — Kṛṣṇa is not just priya but preṣṭha, the most-dear. Gauḍīyas note the grammar: even speaking against them, He is preṣṭha; the bhāva does not fluctuate with His tone.
  • priya-itaram-iva — as if other than dear
    Compound with itara (other) + iva (as if). The 'as if' is the Gauḍīya doctrine in a phrase: Kṛṣṇa appears to be other than priya, but the appearance is yogamāyā-arranged. The gopīs see through it without quite naming it.
  • vinivartita-sarva-kāmāḥ — having turned away from all other desires
    Compound: vi-ni-vartita (turned back) + sarva (all) + kāma (desire). The gopīs' niṣkāma-status named explicitly. Rūpa Gosvāmī's sarvopādhi-vinirmuktam (Nārada-pañcarātra) is the same configuration.
  • saṁrambha-gadgada-giraḥ — voices stammering with agitation
    Compound: saṁrambha (agitation) + gadgada (stammering) + gir (voice). Gadgada is one of the eight sāttvika-bhāvas. The verse names the technical rasa-symptom that authorizes the speech that follows.
  • anuraktāḥ — deeply attached
    Past participle of anu-√rañj — 'colored after.' Anurāga is one of the highest grades of mādhurya in Ujjvala-nīlamaṇi — that stage of love in which every meeting feels new. The verse marks the gopīs as anuraktāḥ even in dejection.
Although Kṛṣṇa was their beloved, and although they had abandoned all other objects of desire for His sake, He had been speaking to them unfavorably. Nonetheless, they remained unflinching in their attachment to Him. Stopping their crying, they wiped their eyes and began to speak, their voices stammering with agitation.

The gopīs now replied to Śrī Kṛṣṇa, their voices choking up with anger caused by their intense love for Him and their unwillingness to give Him up. They would not allow Him to reject them.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Although Kṛṣṇa was their beloved, and although they had abandoned all other objects of desire for His sake, He had been speaking to them unfavorably. Nonetheless, they remained unflinching in their attachment to Him. Stopping their crying, they wiped their eyes and began to speak, their voices stammering with agitation.
Commentary

"O gopis, why are you crying in the forest? Smile and return home. " As if Krsna were shouting this in their ears, the gopis woke up from their dazed state, and began to plead with Krsna. Krsna was prestham, the most dear, because previously he had many times allowed association with them. But he now seemed unaffectionate (prietaram iva) because of his use of harsh words ordering them to return to their husbands. However such words were impossible to use against them because they were completely devoid of even a trace of material lust (sarva kamah nivartita). This indicates that the gopis did not have lust or material desire for Krsna. Their desire to please Krsna was not kama. That is Sukadeva’s intention by using sarva in this phrase. They rubbed their eyes which had been blinded with tears. They were rubbing their eyes with the intention of seeing Krsna just once more before they died. Because they were thinking that due to their being unqualified for him they were rejected, they did not manifest anger. "Though he is our very life and soul, how could he bring us to this state of death?" Then, becoming slightly angry, they spoke in choked voices. But since they perceived lack of love on both their parts, then they should have withdrawn their minds from Krsna. However in spite of that condition, they were still attracted to him (anurakta), for persons blinded by love do not consider logic.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Kṛṣṇa, who was dear to them, had spoken as if he was not affectionate. Why did they not withdraw their minds from him? They had given up all other desires completely in order to attain Kṛṣṇa. Thus they could not withdraw their minds from Kṛṣṇa--the form of condensed bliss, attractive to all minds. How was it possible for these gopīs, afflicted so greatly, to speak? They spoke with anger, a transformation of their disappointment, to cover their disappointment. They wiped their eyes: a symptom of the conjunction of disappointment and anger which arises from the nature of anger in love. They wiped their eyes in order to speak while glancing at his face. Because of their great pain, their shyness decreased significantly. However, they spoke weakly because disappointment remained to some degree. Because of the disappointment and anger, they spoke with choked voices. The cause of their depression and their actions was their deep attachment to him (anuraktāḥ).

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Kṛṣṇa, who was dear to them, had spoken as if he was not affectionate. Why did they not withdraw their minds from him? They had given up all other desires completely in order to attain Kṛṣṇa. Thus they could not withdraw their minds from Kṛṣṇa--the form of condensed bliss, attractive to all minds. How was it possible for these gopīs, afflicted so greatly, to speak? They gave up weeping out of great grief, wiped their eyes carefully, removing the tears. With great effort they composed themselves. Or in great suffering anurāga is a cause of the power to speak. This is a quality in prema. They wiped their eyes to induce his affection, or as a symptom of great prema or to speak while looking at his face. In great distress, they lost all shyness. They had only slight anger, since he was their beloved or because their love was soft. Or they spoke with choked voices out of great, indescribable anger because of their great attachment. Or they spoke in an abbreviated manner. Why? Because tears choked their voices, from anger born of love. Why? Because of their attachment. Previously of course they were attracted by their nature. Now greater attachment arose with great eagerness by hearing his words. Or having special attraction, they were not depressed though he acted indifferently. Or because of their anurāga, he was still attractive, even with the words he spoke. Thus they spoke to him, because he was their lover (preṣṭham). Previously he had seemingly spoken harsh words. Or taking it as the present tense, he continued to say “Give up worrying, do not cry, be comfortable and return home.” They were seeming harsh words, for actually he was joking. That was explained previously. I offer respects to the gopīs who are the masters of cleverness, who understood the meaning of his words and by whose mercy I have understood the meaning.

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Udyama (Industriousness / Effort)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Karuna (Kindness / Compassion)
Related verses
Though He spoke unfavorably, their attachment doesn't budge. They wipe their eyes and speak, voices stammering with agitation. Real love resumes the conversation after rebuff — it doesn't accept the rebuff as final.
Reflection Questions
  • After being rebuffed by Him, do I resume the conversation or accept the rebuff as last word?
  • Where could a stammering second attempt be the real prayer?

A fire that wind tries to extinguish only burns brighter. The gopīs' attachment, met with the cold breath of Kṛṣṇa's words, does not subside — it reorganizes itself into eloquence. Stammering speech is prema's own grammar.

📝 My note

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