FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.24.1

श्रीशुक उवाच भगवानपि तत्रैव बलदेवेन संयुत: । अपश्यन्निवसन्गोपानिन्द्रयागकृतोद्यमान् ॥ १ ॥
śrī-śuka uvāca
[shree-shuka uvaacha]
bhagavān api tatraiva
[bhagavaan api tatraiva]
baladevena saṁyutaḥ
[baladevena samyutah]
apaśyan nivasan gopān
[apashyan nivasan gopaan]
indra-yāga-kṛtodyamān
[indra-yaaga-kritodyamaan]
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca — Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead api — also tatra eva — in that same place baladevena — by Lord Balarāma saṁyutaḥ — joined apaśyat — saw nivasan — staying gopān — the cowherd men indra — for Indra, the King of heaven yāga — for the sake of a sacrifice kṛta — making udyamān — great endeavor .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-śuka uvāca
śrī - śukaḥ uvāca
Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī said
bhagavān api tatraiva
bhagavān
the Supreme Personality of Godhead
api
also
tatra eva
in that same place
baladevena saṁyutaḥ
baladevena
by Lord Balarāma
saṁyutaḥ
joined
apaśyan nivasan gopān
apaśyat
saw
nivasan
staying
gopān
the cowherd men
indra-yāga-kṛtodyamān
indra
for Indra, the King of heaven
yāga
for the sake of a sacrifice
kṛta
making
udyamān
great endeavor .
  • bhagavān — the Supreme Personality of Godhead
    Śukadeva opens not with 'Kṛṣṇa' but with bhagavān — the verse insists that what we are about to watch is Bhagavān Himself intervening, not merely a clever boy. Gauḍīya doctrine: kṛṣṇas tu bhagavān svayam (SB 1.3.28); the source-Bhagavān is walking these cow pastures.
  • baladevena — by Lord Balarāma
    Instrumental of Baladeva. Kṛṣṇa is saṁyutaḥ — joined with — His elder brother. Gauḍīya pattern: Kṛṣṇa never acts alone in Vraja; Balarāma is His ādi-guru and constant companion, the source of all bala (strength) for the Lord's pastimes.
  • gopān — the cowherd men
    Accusative plural of gopa. Not generic villagers but the specific community whose devotion is the soil of vraja-līlā. The verse foregrounds whom Kṛṣṇa is about to teach — His own family of vātsalya-bhaktas.
  • indra-yāga — sacrifice for Indra
    Compound: indra (the King of heaven) + yāga (sacrifice). The opening note of the chapter's whole argument. Indra-yāga is karma-kāṇḍa par excellence — a śāstric ritual aimed at material fruit. Kṛṣṇa will dismantle it to plant pure bhakti in its place.
  • udyamān — great endeavor
    From ud + √yam — exertion strained upward. The cowherds are working hard, and the labor is sincere; Kṛṣṇa's correction is not about laziness but about direction. Sincere endeavor pointed at the wrong object is still misdirected.
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: While staying in that very place with His brother Baladeva, Lord Kṛṣṇa happened to see the cowherd men busily arranging for a sacrifice to Indra.

According to Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī and other ācāryas, the words tatra eva in this verse indicate that Lord Kṛṣṇa stayed in the village of the brāhmaṇas whose wives had satisfied Him by their devotion. Thus He gave His mercy to those brāhmaṇas as well as to their chaste wives, who had no one to associate with except their husbands. In that place the cowherd men, headed by Lord Kṛṣṇa’s father, Nanda Mahārāja, were somehow or other preparing an elaborate sacrifice to Lord Indra, and Lord Kṛṣṇa reacted as follows.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: While staying in that very place with His brother Baladeva, Lord Kṛṣṇa happened to see the cowherd men busily arranging for a sacrifice to Indra.
Commentary

In the twenty fourth chapter, Krsna discusses with his father, and, stopping the sacrifice to Indra, introduces the worship of Govardhana. Nanda and his brothers, arriving at the cow pastures, began engaging other cowherd men in the preparations for a sacrifice to Indra. Krsna arrived there and observed the men busy in the preparations.

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

Previously Kṛṣṇa had promised the unmarried gopīs. yātābalā vrajaṁ siddhā mayemā raṁsyathā kṣapāḥ: go now, girls, and return to Vraja; your desire is fulfilled, for in my company you will enjoy the coming nights. (SB 10.22.27) That was in the winter season. The Lord enjoyed with them in the next autumn season. These nights of autumn must have some time after stealing their clothing. The enjoyment began on the full moon of the autumn season, as will be explained later. That was the full moon of Āśvina month in the autumn season. Worship of Govardhana occurred on the first lunar day of the waxing phase of Kārtika month, and that pastimes was imitated later by the gopīs during the rāsa-līlā. Going to Varuṇa’s place to rescue Nanda occurred after worship of Govardhana. Therefore the order is as follows: worship of Govardhana (autumn), going to Varuṇa’s place, stealing the gopīs’ clothing (winter), begging food from the bṛāhmaṇas’ wives (summer) and then the rāsa-līlā (the next autumn). After the killing of Kaṁsa, Kṛṣṇa’s age will be discussed. Śukadeva recited the pastimes out of order (Govardhana is described after begging from the brāhmaṇas’ wives) because of his lack of control arising from prema and to some degree because of similarity of the pastimes. The cowherds went to a special place near the village for performing the sacrifice and lived there while preparing for the sacrifice. Kṛṣṇa, living there with Balarāma, watched the cowherds preparing for the sacrifice. With a desire to perform different worship with the materials, at first he did not say anything. Viṣṇu Purāṇa says: vimalāmbara-nakṣatre kāle cābhyāgato vrajam dadarśendra mahārambhāyodyatāṁs tān vrjaukasaḥ When the sky was clear, approaching Vraja, he saw the people of Vraja preparing for a huge sacrifice for Indra. Hari-vaṁśa says: vrajamājagmatus tau tu vraje śuśruvatus tadā prāptaṁ śatraṁ mahāvīrau gopāṁś cotsava-lālasān Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, approaching Vraja, which was preparing for a sacrifice, desired to hear from the cowherds who were desirous of performing the festival. The first is a general describe and the second has more detail. This happened on the first lunar day of the waxing moon of Kārtika since this festival for Indra is celebrated at this time in the middle states of India. partv aty-ulbaṇaṁ varṣam ati-vātaṁ śilā-mayam: because we have stopped his sacrifice, Indra has caused this unusually fierce wind. (SB 10.25.15) Padma Purāṇa says after offering lamps on the dark moon prātar govardhanaḥ pūjyo rātrau dyutaṁ pravartate: in the morning one should worship Govardhana and in the evening begin playing dice. Hari-vaṁśa describes that the event took place between the monsoon and autumn, like the border between the ocean and the shore. This is because sometimes the monsoon continues through all of Āśvina month (thus including the first part of autumn) in the middle states.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

The pastimes during the sixth and seventh years beginning with herding cows have been described. Now four chapters describe the principle pastimes at the beginning of the eighth year. Having great attachment, Kṛṣṇa lived in Vraja. Absorbed in pastimes there the people were most fortunate. That was described. The word api means “acting in the way previously described.” Or the brāhmaṇas did not go to Vraja, and the Lord also (bhagavān api) did not go to them, but stayed in Vraja. He was with Balarāma. He did not send Balarāma to appease them. Since he had appeared in order to benefit this world by manifesting qualities like mercy, even the brāhmaṇas would get benefit. Or api indicates certainty. Kṛṣṇa definitely stayed with Balarāma in Vraja because he was Bhagavān. If he went elsewhere with Balarāma he could not reveal his unlimited powers to the same extent of excellence. To show this a new story begins. Kṛṣṇa saw the cowherds engaged in gathering ingredients for worship of Indra, by raising a flag for Indira etc. at the place called Indra-dvaya-kuṇḍa, east of Govardhana. Though they did these activities every year with worship of Indra, and Kṛṣṇa saw it, now he saw it in a special way. Previously he was indifferent but now when the time was proper, he saw it as the opportunity for stopping Indra’s sacrifice and lifting Govardhana. This pastime took place during the monsoon in the autumn season. Taṁ śarat kusumāpiḍāḥ parivārya pradakṣiṇam Gāvo girivaraṁ sarvās tato yāntu punar vrajam Prāptā kileyaṁ hi gavāṁ svādutoṣa-tṛṇair guṇaiḥ Śarat pramuditā ramyā gatamegha-jalāśayā Decorated with autumn flowers the cows should go around Govardhana and then return to Vraja. When autumn comes the place is filled good qualities and abundant, tasty grass for the cows. It is pleasant, with no clouds or flooding. Viṣṇu Purāṇa 16.12-13 Later it is said: apartv aty-ulbaṇaṁ varṣam ati-vātaṁ śilā-mayam sva-yāge vihate ‘smābhir indro nāśāya varṣati [Kṛṣṇa said to Himself:] Because we have stopped his sacrifice, Indra has caused this unusually fierce, unseasonable rain, together with terrible winds and hail. SB 10.25.15

Related values
Anahankarah (Freedom from False Ego)Kshama (Forgiveness / Patience)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)Brahmacharya (Self-discipline / Restraint)
Related verses
Kṛṣṇa sees Nanda and the cowherd men arranging an elaborate sacrifice to Indra. The Lord notices when His own devotees are about to misdirect their devotion — He doesn't ignore it, but plans to redirect it.
Reflection Questions
  • Where in my devotional life might I be performing impressive rituals aimed at the wrong recipient?
  • Who in my circle might be doing the same, and what would gentle redirection look like?

A king walks unannounced through his own palace kitchen and finds the cooks preparing a feast for a distant nobleman. Kṛṣṇa, Bhagavān Himself dwelling in Vraja, sees His own people busily heaping rice and ghee for Indra — the feast is being addressed to the wrong door, and the Lord of the house has decided to set the matter right.

Prahlāda at his father's court

Hiraṇyakaśipu had organized the whole of his kingdom around the worship of himself, and the boy Prahlāda walked through that arrangement and refused it (SB 7.5). He did not denounce the demigods — he simply pointed every offering toward Viṣṇu, the actual source of every blessing the kingdom enjoyed.

Kṛṣṇa here makes the same correction in Vraja, gently rather than at the point of a sword: He sees an entire community's labor about to flow to the wrong recipient, and He moves to redirect it.

📝 My note

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