Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.22.19
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
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vivastrāḥ
—
naked
Compound: vi (without) + vastra (cloth). The Vedic procedure for the avabhṛtha-snāna requires modest covering. The gopīs' inadvertent breach is now to be cleansed not by a brāhmaṇa but by Kṛṣṇa Himself.
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deva-helanam
—
an offense against Varuṇa and the other gods
Compound: deva (gods) + helana (slight, offense). The waters belong to Varuṇa; entering naked is a vibration of disrespect. Kṛṣṇa, the Lord of even Varuṇa, prescribes the remedy.
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mūrdhni
—
upon your heads
Locative of mūrdhan (crown of the head). Joined palms raised above the head is the highest namaskāra — used in Vedic śaraṇāgati formulas (e.g., Bhāgavatam 6.11.24). The gesture says: the highest part of me bows before You.
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apanuttaye
—
for counteracting
Dative of apanutti (removal, expiation). The bow is technically prāyaścitta. Yet because the offering is to Bhagavān Himself, what looks like expiation is in fact the central act of devotion: ātma-nivedana.
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adhaḥ-vasanam
—
your lower garments
Compound: adhas (below) + vasana (cloth). He gives them only the lower cloth first — the līlā is paced. Even in mercy He acts in stages, drawing them through every layer of the surrender.
Kṛṣṇa wanted to see the full surrender of the gopīs, and thus He ordered them to offer obeisances with their palms joined above their heads. In other words, the gopīs could no longer cover their bodies. We should not foolishly think that Lord Kṛṣṇa is an ordinary lusty boy enjoying the naked beauty of the gopīs. Kṛṣṇa is the Supreme Absolute Truth, and He was acting to fulfill the loving desire of the young cowherd girls of Vṛndāvana. In this world we would certainly become lusty in a situation like this. But to compare ourselves to God is a great offense, and because of this offense we will not be able to understand Kṛṣṇa’s transcendental position, for we will wrongly take Him to be materially conditioned like ourselves. To lose transcendental sight of Kṛṣṇa is certainly a great disaster for one trying to relish the bliss of the Absolute Truth.
"Oh you have made a great offense. If you have bathed without clothing in the water, then definiteley (u) you have offended Varuna, or Narayana (deva)." The gopis said, "This is a local custom and therefore as very young girls, we have made no offense." Krsna said, "For those performing vrata, bathing naked is certainly an offense to the Lord." Considering thus that the fruits of their vrata had become nullified, they became afraid and said, "Oh, we have made such an offense and now we will not get any results. Motrified and more motified, we should give up our lives. " Seeing the gopis who had performed such austerities, with worn bodies, pale and shivering, Krsna thought , "Oh, I should, being merciful, immediately prescribe some prayascitta so that they do not give up their lives." Therefore he said, "o thin bodied gopis, do not fear." He gave the remedy. "All women are servants of Narayana. This is the statement of scripture. Gargamuni has also said that I am similar to Narayana in qualities. Therefore I am now your Narayana. Therefore, turning towards me, you should offer respects to me to nullify your offense to Narayana, and then receive your lower garments. Because males don’t have any use for the lower garments of women I will give them all back. The upper garments however I will use myself as shawls." When the lowered their head as an obeisance, krsna said, "Oh no, offering respects with just the head is inferior." When he saw them then using one hand, he objected again "this is also inferior." Thus he made them offer both hands in prayer. When he saw them offering both hands, but low down to cover themselves, he said, "Hold your folded hands above your heads."
“Because they are young girls they cannot be blamed.” I have directly witnessed this, so it is not possible to cheat me. This is an offense against the deity of the water Varuṇa or Nārāyaṇa. Fold your hands and put them on your heads and nowhere else. This indicates Kṛṣṇa’s different intentions. He saw that they were trying to use one hand for offering respects. Therefore he told them to join their hands. And when they joined their hands they placed them downwards. Therefore he told them to place their hands on their heads. He instructed them to take only their lower garments, not their upper garments.
“Because they are young girls they cannot be blamed.” I have directly witnessed this, so it is not possible to cheat me. Deva-helanam actually means worship of Devī or Kātyāyanī (feminine). You have offended her. But in order to make them give up their stubbornness, he speaks of general disregard for all devatās. Or, deva-helanam can refer technically to an offense, in the form of some fault in the vrata. They should place their hands on their heads and nowhere else, in order that the king of rasikas could fulfill his desire. One should not offer respects with only one hand according to Hari-bhakti-vilāsa. They should join the hands together and place them on their heads, for he saw them joining their hands below. When they came near to take their cloth which was at the base of the kadamba tree (adhas), he would be able to see them clearly. Offering respects they should take their clothing. Or they should take their lower cloth (adhovasanam) and not their upper cloth. Vasanam is in the singular to indicate that each girl should take one piece of cloth.
- What 'covering hand' would I have to remove to make a real bow this week?
- Where am I trying to perform surrender while still secretly hiding?
A guru asking the disciple to perform a final namaskāra with palms raised above the head — the gesture by which the last reservation is given up. Folded palms above the crown means: nothing of me is now my own. Kṛṣṇa is not enjoying nakedness; He is teaching the bow that makes nakedness an offering.
Śrīla Prabhupāda comments here with unusual force: 'We should not foolishly think that Lord Kṛṣṇa is an ordinary lusty boy enjoying the naked beauty of the gopīs. Kṛṣṇa is the Supreme Absolute Truth, and He was acting to fulfill the loving desire of the young cowherd girls of Vṛndāvana.' To project worldly lust onto this līlā is named in the Bhāgavatam itself as the great offense.
Gauḍīyas read this verse through that lens: the obeisance with joined palms above the head is the formal Vedic counter to the technical offense of bathing naked. Kṛṣṇa is giving them the procedure by which the vrata-defect is repaired — the līlā is, even in its outward shape, an act of dharma-rakṣaṇa.
My note
Source: vedabase.io