FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 10.14.49

श्रीराजोवाच ब्रह्मन् परोद्भ‍वे कृष्णे इयान् प्रेमा कथं भवेत् । योऽभूतपूर्वस्तोकेषु स्वोद्भ‍वेष्वपि कथ्यताम् ॥ ४९ ॥
śrī-rājovāca
[shree-raajovaacha]
brahman parodbhave kṛṣṇe
[brahman parodbhave krishne]
iyān premā kathaṁ bhavet
[iyaan premaa katham bhavet]
yo ’bhūta-pūrvas tokeṣu
[yo ’bhoota-poorvas tokeshu]
svodbhaveṣv api kathyatām
[svodbhaveshv api kathyataam]
śrī - rājā uvāca — the King said brahman — O brāhmaṇa, Śukadeva para - udbhave — for the offspring of another kṛṣṇe — Lord Kṛṣṇa iyān — so much premā — love katham — how bhavet — can be yaḥ — which abhūta - pūrvaḥ — unprecedented tokeṣu — for the children sva - udbhaveṣu — their own offspring api — even kathyatām — please explain .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
śrī-rājovāca
śrī - rājā uvāca
the King said
brahman parodbhave kṛṣṇe
brahman
O brāhmaṇa, Śukadeva
para - udbhave
for the offspring of another
kṛṣṇe
Lord Kṛṣṇa
iyān premā kathaṁ bhavet
iyān
so much
premā
love
katham
how
bhavet
can be
yo ’bhūta-pūrvas tokeṣu
svodbhaveṣv api kathyatām
yaḥ
which
abhūta - pūrvaḥ
unprecedented
tokeṣu
for the children
sva - udbhaveṣu
their own offspring
api
even
kathyatām
please explain .
  • para-udbhave — born of another
    Compound: para (other) + udbhava (birth). Kṛṣṇa as 'born of another' — i.e., not the gopīs' own son. The grammar registers Parīkṣit's puzzle: ordinary love is for one's own child; how was this love displaced?
  • premā — love
    Highest term in the Gauḍīya bhakti-hierarchy: sneha → māna → praṇaya → rāga → anurāga → bhāva → premā. Rūpa Gosvāmī's Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu charts it; Parīkṣit's word here is the technical premā, not generic love. The śāstric vocabulary.
  • abhūta-pūrvaḥ — not previously existing
    Compound: a- (not) + bhūta (having been) + pūrva (before). Unprecedented. The premā the gopīs felt was not seen before in the cosmos. The asymmetry: vātsalya for one's own child is precedented; this premā was new with Kṛṣṇa.
  • sva-udbhaveṣu — for their own offspring
    Compound: sva (own) + udbhava (birth). Their own children. The verse pairs sva-udbhava with para-udbhava — the asymmetry of natural love against this love. Premā for Kṛṣṇa exceeds the love-instinct for one's own.
  • kathyatām — please tell
    Passive imperative of √kath. Parīkṣit's request: explain. The Bhāgavatam's question-answer architecture — the king must ask before the sage can tell. The instructional engineering of Canto 10's last word.
King Parīkṣit said: O brāhmaṇa, how could the cowherd women have developed for Kṛṣṇa, someone else’s son, such unprecedented pure love — love they never felt even for their own children? Please explain this.
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
King Parīkṣit said: O brāhmaṇa, how could the cowherd women have developed for Kṛṣṇa, someone else's son, such unprecedented pure love-love they never felt even for their own children? Please explain this.
Commentary

The love for their own sons had now increased to as much as that for Krsna, which had exceeded the love for their own sons. But now their love for Krsna also increased even more. The love for someone else’s child, kept exceeding the love for their own children. King Pariksit asks concerning this fact. How is it that the love for another’s child increased beyond the love for their own child since the pastime with Lord Brahma? Usually parents have more love for their own children, even if others children have better qualities. What was the cause of contradiction to normal experience?

Jīva Gosvāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

“One sees that affection is of three types: because of beauty in the object, because of possessiveness, and because of natural bodily relationship, but Kṛṣṇa assumed exactly the forms of the boys, so his beauty in those forms was not different from theirs. The mothers had the same possessiveness as before. And the mothers still had relationships as mothers with their sons. This third affection is seen when Pradyumna returned his mother’s breasts began to flow with milk. (SB 10.55.30) Kṛṣṇa was here in the opposite position since he was not their real son. How could their love for him be greater than that for their real sons?” Desiring to know, Parīkṣit asked. How could such love arise for Kṛṣṇa when he took the forms and names of the boys? He was not in his svarūpa. Kṛṣṇa had taken birth from another (parodbhave)—Nanda and Yaśodā. This shows that he was their real son as shown by the statement nandas tvātatmja utpanne: Nanda became joyful at the birth of his son. (SB 10.5.1) If this were not so, Parīkṣit should have asked “How did Kṛṣṇa have affection for Nanda and Yaśodā?” This is proof that Kṛṣṇa was Nanda’s son from the text itself. Another interpretation is as follows. vrajaukasāṁ sva-tokeṣu sneha-vally ābdam anvaham śanair niḥsīma vavṛdhe yathā kṛṣṇe tv apūrvavat Now, for one year, their affection for their own sons gradually increased without limit, for Kṛṣṇa had now become their sons. And their affection for Kṛsṇa increased more than previously to an astonishing degree. SB 10.13.26 The question concerns Kṛṣṇa as described in the above verse. How could they develop even more love for Kṛṣṇa? He had more beauty than previously and more than that, there was greater possessiveness (since he also became their son at that time) and bodily relationship (since he was also their son). With a desire to reveal that truth, the question is asked.

Śrīdhara Svāmī Gauḍīya
Commentary

O direct form of the Vedas (brāhmaṇa)! You know everything. The women thought of Kṛṣṇa as the son of Yaśodā, not as the Lord. They should not develop more affection for him than for their own children. An object shows itself by its nature. What is the reasoning for this attraction? They developed more love than previously even (api) for their own sons. Sometimes ca is seen with the same meaning. Please explain this. The question is how did this happen rather than was it suitable. There are many cases of giving up one’s children. Or seeing many sages undergoing austerities but with attachment to their children, rather than for the Lord, Parikṣit addresses Śukadeva while laughing at them.

Related values
Karuna (Kindness / Compassion)Kartavya (Duty / Responsibility)Satya (Truthfulness)Samata (Equanimity / Even-mindedness)Dana (Charity / Generosity)Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness)Yajña (Sacrifice / Spirit of Offering)
Related verses
Parīkṣit asks how Vraja-women loved Kṛṣṇa more than their own children. The question itself is a doorway: extraordinary affection in others is worth pausing over and asking about, not dismissed as exotic.
Reflection Questions
  • Whose love for Kṛṣṇa have I witnessed recently that I dismissed instead of inquired into?
  • What question about devotional love do I most need to ask my teachers right now?

A mother loves her own child more than any other; but the gopīs and the cows of Vraja loved Kṛṣṇa — someone else's child — more than they loved their own. Parīkṣit asks: how? The next verses (50–55) will answer with a piece of philosophy that turns into a piece of bhakti — the answer's logic is metaphysical, but its substance is ātmā = Kṛṣṇa.

📝 My note

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