FolioCorpusŚrīmad-Bhāgavatam

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam 1.13.30

पतिं प्रयान्तं सुबलस्य पुत्री पतिव्रता चानुजगाम साध्वी । हिमालयं न्यस्तदण्डप्रहर्षं मनस्विनामिव सत्सम्प्रहार: ॥ ३० ॥
patiṁ prayāntaṁ subalasya putrī
[patim prayaantam subalasya putree]
pati-vratā cānujagāma sādhvī
[pati-vrataa chaanujagaama saadhvee]
himālayaṁ nyasta-daṇḍa-praharṣaṁ
[himaalayam nyasta-danda-praharsham]
manasvinām iva sat samprahāraḥ
[manasvinaam iva sat samprahaarah]
patim — her husband prayāntam — while leaving home subalasya — of King Subala putrī — the worthy daughter pati-vratā — devoted to her husband ca — also anujagāma — followed sādhvī — the chaste himālayam — towards the Himālaya Mountains nyasta-daṇḍa — one who has accepted the rod of the renounced order praharṣam — object of delight manasvinām — of the great fighters iva — like sat — legitimate samprahāraḥ — good lashing.
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
patiṁ prayāntaṁ subalasya putrī
patim
her husband
prayāntam
while leaving home
subalasya
of King Subala
putrī
the worthy daughter
pati-vratā cānujagāma sādhvī
pati-vratā
devoted to her husband
ca
also
anujagāma
followed
sādhvī
the chaste
himālayaṁ nyasta-daṇḍa-praharṣaṁ
himālayam
towards the Himālaya Mountains
nyasta-daṇḍa
one who has accepted the rod of the renounced order
praharṣam
object of delight
manasvinām iva sat samprahāraḥ
manasvinām
of the great fighters
iva
like
sat
legitimate
samprahāraḥ
good lashing.
The gentle and chaste Gāndhārī, who was the daughter of King Subala of Kandahar [or Gāndhāra], followed her husband, seeing that he was going to the Himālaya Mountains, which are the delight of those who have accepted the staff of the renounced order like fighters who have accepted a good lashing from the enemy.

Saubalinī, or Gāndhārī, daughter of King Subala and wife of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, was ideal as a wife devoted to her husband. The Vedic civilization especially prepares chaste and devoted wives, of whom Gāndhārī is one amongst many mentioned in history. Lakṣmījī Sītādevī was also a daughter of a great king, but she followed her husband, Lord Rāmacandra, into the forest. Similarly, as a woman Gāndhārī could have remained at home or at her father’s house, but as a chaste and gentle lady she followed her husband without consideration. Instructions for the renounced order of life were imparted to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Vidura, and Gāndhārī was by the side of her husband. But he did not ask her to follow him because he was at that time fully determined, like a great warrior who faces all kinds of dangers in the battlefield. He was no longer attracted to so-called wife or relatives, and he decided to start alone, but as a chaste lady Gāndhārī decided to follow her husband till the last moment. Mahārāja Dhṛtarāṣṭra accepted the order of vānaprastha, and at this stage the wife is allowed to remain as a voluntary servitor, but in the sannyāsa stage no wife can stay with her former husband. A sannyāsī is considered to be a dead man civilly, and therefore the wife becomes a civil widow without connection with her former husband. Mahārāja Dhṛtarāṣṭra did not deny his faithful wife, and she followed her husband at her own risk.

The sannyāsīs accept a rod as the sign of the renounced order of life. There are two types of sannyāsīs. Those who follow the Māyāvādī philosophy, headed by Śrīpāda Śaṅkarācārya, accept only one rod ( eka-daṇḍa ), but those who follow the Vaiṣṇavite philosophy accept three combined rods ( tri-daṇḍa ). The Māyāvādī sannyāsīs are ekadaṇḍi-svāmīs, whereas the Vaiṣṇava sannyāsīs are known as tridaṇḍi-svāmīs, or more distinctly, tridaṇḍi-gosvāmīs, in order to be distinguished from the Māyāvādī philosophers. The ekadaṇḍi-svāmīs are mostly fond of the Himālayas, but the Vaiṣṇava sannyāsīs are fond of Vṛndāvana and Purī. The Vaiṣṇava sannyāsīs are narottamas, whereas the Māyāvādī sannyāsīs are dhīras. Mahārāja Dhṛtarāṣṭra was advised to follow the dhīras because at that stage it was difficult for him to become a narottama.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
Chaste Gāndhārī, daughter of Subala, having good qualities and dedicated to her husband, followed him as he went to the Himālayas, which gives joy to those who have given up violence. She took the challenge like a warrior enjoying a good battle.
Commentary

Gāndhārī was the daughter of Subala. Sādhvī means “having good qualities.” How did she go to the Himālayas, which would give great hardship? Such sufferings are a cause of joy for those who have enthusiasm. An example is given. It is like a good (san) fight (samprahāraḥ) experienced by the warrior even if he is very young. Sat-samprahāram is also seen. The neuter case is poetic license. Amara-koṣa says samprahārābhisampāta-kali-saṁsphoṭa-saṁyugāḥ: samprahāra means war, quarrel, battle, conflict.

Gandhārī, daughter of Subala, followed her husband to the Himalayas — the delight of those who have accepted the staff of renunciation. Companions of renouncers are themselves renounced.
Reflection Questions
  • Whom have I followed into a difficult choice out of devotion?
  • Where could my support of someone's renunciation also be my own?
📝 My note

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