FolioCorpusBhagavad-gītā

Bhagavad-gītā 7.17

తేషాం జ్ఞానీ నిత్యయుక్త ఏకభక్తిర్విశిష్యతే । ప్రియో హి జ్ఞానినోఽత్యర్థమహం స చ మమ ప్రియ: ॥ ౧౭ ॥
teṣāṁ jñānī nitya-yukta
[teshaam jnaanee nitya-yukta]
eka-bhaktir viśiṣyate
[eka-bhaktir vishishyate]
priyo hi jñānino ’tyartham
[priyo hi jnaanino ’tyartham]
ahaṁ sa ca mama priyaḥ
[aham sa cha mama priyah]
Word-for-word
teṣām — out of them jñānī — one in full knowledge nitya - yuktaḥ — always engaged eka — only bhaktiḥ — in devotional service viśiṣyate — is special priyaḥ — very dear hi — certainly jñāninaḥ — to the person in knowledge atyartham — highly aham — I am saḥ — he ca — also mama — to Me priyaḥ — dear .
Blended reading (Sanskrit + English inline)
teṣāṁ jñānī nitya-yukta
teṣām
out of them
jñānī
one in full knowledge
nitya - yuktaḥ
always engaged
eka-bhaktir viśiṣyate
eka
only
bhaktiḥ
in devotional service
viśiṣyate
is special
priyo hi jñānino ’tyartham
priyaḥ
very dear
hi
certainly
jñāninaḥ
to the person in knowledge
atyartham
highly
ahaṁ sa ca mama priyaḥ
aham
I am
saḥ
he
ca
also
mama
to Me
priyaḥ
dear .
Important Words
  • jñānī — one in full knowledge
    Recurring word from 7.16. Now isolated as the best of the four. Knowledge here means realized comprehension of Kṛṣṇa's actual position — not theoretical.
  • nitya - yuktaḥ — always engaged
    Compound: nitya (always) + yukta (linked, joined). Not occasional engagement. Continuous yoga — the practice does not lapse.
  • eka — only, exclusive
    One. The jñānī's devotion is not divided among many deities or causes. Pairs with bhakti to form the technical term aikāntika-bhakti — one-pointed devotion.
  • bhaktiḥ — devotional service
    From √bhaj (to share, to serve, to love). The first appearance of the word in the chapter — and significant that it appears not standalone but in compound with nitya-yukta and eka. The Gītā is building toward chapter 12's full bhakti-yoga.
  • priyaḥ — dear, very dear
    From √prī (to please, to love). The word appears twice in the verse — Kṛṣṇa is dear to the jñānī, and the jñānī is dear to Kṛṣṇa. Mutuality. Not the soul climbing up to a remote God; reciprocal love between two parties. This is the chapter's emotional core.
Of these, the one who is in full knowledge and who is always engaged in pure devotional service is the best. For I am very dear to him, and he is dear to Me.
Purport

Free from all contaminations of material desires, the distressed, the inquisitive, the penniless and the seeker after supreme knowledge can all become pure devotees. But out of them, he who is in knowledge of the Absolute Truth and free from all material desires becomes a really pure devotee of the Lord. And of the four orders, the devotee who is in full knowledge and is at the same time engaged in devotional service is, the Lord says, the best. By searching after knowledge one realizes that his self is different from his material body, and when further advanced he comes to the knowledge of impersonal Brahman and Paramātmā. When one is fully purified, he realizes that his constitutional position is to be the eternal servant of God. So by association with pure devotees the inquisitive, the distressed, the seeker after material amelioration and the man in knowledge all become themselves pure. But in the preparatory stage, the man who is in full knowledge of the Supreme Lord and is at the same time executing devotional service is very dear to the Lord. He who is situated in pure knowledge of the transcendence of the Supreme Personality of God is so protected in devotional service that material contamination cannot touch him.

— A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda
Gauḍīya Ācāryas
Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura Gauḍīya
Translation
17. Of these four types, the jṣānī, who is constantly engaged in thinking of Me, who is practicing bhakti alone, is the best. I am cherished by that jṣānī, and he is cherished by Me.
Commentary

Among these four types who are qualified with bhakti (those with pradhānī bhūtā bhakti), who is the best? Among them the jṣānī is the best. He is absorbed in Me constantly (nitya-yukta). This means that because his consciousness has been brought under control by practice of jṣāna, he has full concentration in the mind. The other three types do not have this quality. “But does the jṣānī just worship you out of fear that his jṣāna will be ineffective without bhakti?” No, he has a predominance of bhakti (eka-bhaktiḥ), not like other jṣānīs who have a predominance of jṣāna; or the meaning can be “He has great attachment to the process of bhakti alone, and is a jṣānī in name only.” I, in the form of Śyāmasundara, am exceedingly (atyartham) dear to such a jṣānī. He cannot give Me up either in the stage of sādhana or perfection. I also hold him very dear. This is according to the reasoning that I respond to the devotee in proportion to his amount of surrender to Me.

Baladeva Vidyābhūṣaṇa Gauḍīya
Translation
17. Of these four types, the jṣānī, who is constantly engaged in thinking of Me, who is practicing bhakti alone, is the best. This jṣānī loves only Me and I love only him.
Commentary

Among these four, the jṣānī is considered the best. He is the best because he is nitya yuktaḥ and eka bhaktiḥ. Having given up desires such as getting relief from suffering, getting wealth or getting knowledge of ātmā, he is serving Me constantly (nitya yukta). The others engage in service as long as they attain their desires. The jṣānī has unmotivated devotion only to Me (eka bhaktiḥ). The others engage in devotion to Me because I fulfill their desires. Therefore the jṣānī is the best. I am the object of love for the jṣānī. He, immersed in the nectar ocean of love for Me, does not seek anything else. The word atyartha (excessively) indicates that he limits himself only to love of Me, since I am endowed with qualities like omniscience and unlimited powers, which no one can completely describe. And this jṣānī is the object of affection for Me, according to the rule ye yathā mām prapadyante: as they surrender to Me I respond accordingly. (BG 4.11) I also am limited to loving only him.

Bhūrijana Dāsa Gauḍīya
Commentary

The reason why the 'jnani' is the best is because those three: the artah, jijnasur and artharthi, they pretend to practice devotional service as long as their desires aren't fulfilled. But as soon as their desires are fulfilled, they have the tendency to turn their back on Krsna and give up devotional service. But the jnani has no material desires ‑ therefore, because his tendency is to be continuous, he is the best. He is 'eka‑bhakta' ‑ he is only interested in devotional service. Therefore he is special. And because he loves Krsna, Krsna loves him. Baladeva Vidhyabhusana comments that the 'jnani' not only is the best but Krsna is not only satisfied to say that he is the best ‑ He further opens His heart and says: "Mama priyah!" ‑ "He is very dear to Me!" Because he has no other desires and is surrendering to Krsna in the mood of devotion. One may think: ' O, the jnani is very wonderful, obvious he is taking to devotional service and the others three, they are low class.' Does that mean that the other three aren't dear to Krsna? Krsna's answer is,

Study Notes — Gauranga Priya Dāsa
Gauranga Priya Dāsa Study
Bhakti-śāstrī Notes, ISKCON Chowpatty (2009)
Theme

Wise (Jnani) is the best, because he is:

In full knowledge of the Absolute Truth, and free of material desires
Engages in pure devotional service; Lord is very dear to him and he is dear to the Lord
When one is in pure knowledge of the transcendence of the Supreme Lord, material contamination cannot touch him (study purport)

LINK BETWEEN TEXTS 7.17 & 7.18: After hearing Text 7.17 one may conclude that the three karma-

mishra-bhaktas are insignificant and only a jnani is important. Anticipating this, Krishna speaks Text 7.18

Classical Ācāryas
Śrī Śaṅkarācārya Classical
Translation
7.17 Tesam, of them, among the four; jnani, the man of Knowledge, the knower of Reality, is nitya-yuktah, endowed with constant steadfastness as a result of being a knower of Reality; and he also becomes eka-bhaktih, endowed with one-pointed devotion, because he finds no one else whom he can adore. Conseently, that person of one-pointed devotion visisyate, excels, becomes superior, i.e. he surpasses (the others). Hi, since; I, the Self, am priyah, dear; jnaninah, to the man of Knowledge; therefore aham, I; am atyartham, very much; priyah, dear to him. It is indeed a well known fact in the world that the Self is dear. The meaning, therefore, is that Vasudeva, being the Self of the man of Knowledge, is dear to him. And sah, he, the man of Knowledge, being the very Self of Me who am Vasudeva; is very much priyah, dear; mama, to Me. 'If that be so, then the other three-the afflicted and the others-are not dear to Vasudeva?' 'This is not so!' 'What then?'
Śrī Rāmānujācārya Classical
Translation
7.17 Of these four, 'the man of knowledge' is the foremost. Why? Because of being ever with Me in Yoga and devoted to the One only. To the man of knowledge the attainment of Myself being the only end in view, he is ever with Me. As for the others, they contemplate on Me only until the fulfilment of their desires. But to the man of knowledge, there is single-minded devotion to Me only. Unlike him, the others, want only the objects of their desire and they are devoted to Me only as a means for gaining them. Hence he, the man of knowledge, alone is the foremost. Further I am very dear to the man of knowledge. Here the term 'artha' in relation to the expression 'athyartham' denotes 'what cannot be expressed adeately.' That is, even I, the omniscient and omnipotent, is unable to express how much I am dear to the Jnanin, since there is no such limit as 'this much' for this love. Such is the meaning. As in the case of Prahlada, the foremost among men of knowledge, it is said: 'But he with his thoughts firmly fixed on Krsna while being bitten by the great serpents, felt no pain from the wounds, being immersed in rapturous recollections of Him' (V. P., 1.17.39). I reciprocate this love infinitely.
Śrī Abhinavagupta Classical
Translation
7.17 See Comment under 7.19
Swami Sivananda Classical
Translation
7.17 Of them the wise, ever steadfast and devoted to the One, excels (is the best); for I am exceedingly dear to the wise and he is dear to Me.
Commentary

7.17 तेषाम् of them? ज्ञानी the wise? नित्ययुक्तः ever steadfast? एकभक्तिः whose devotion is to the One? विशिष्यते excels? प्रियः dear? हि verily? ज्ञानिनः of the wise? अत्यर्थम् exceedingly? अहम् I? सः he? च and? मम of Me? प्रियः dear.Commentary Ekabhaktih means unswerving? singleminded devotion to the Supreme Being.The JnaniBhakta is beyond all cults or creeds or formal religion or rules of society. As the wise man is constantly harmonised and as he is devoted to the One? he is regarded as superior to all the other devotees. As I am his very Self or Antaratma? I am extremely dear to him. Everybody loves his own Self most. The Self is very dear to everybody. The wise man is My very Self and he is ear to Me also. (Cf.II.49IX.29XII.14?17and19)

Swami Gambhīrānanda Classical
Translation
7.17 Of them, the man of Knowledge, endowed with constant steadfastness and one-pointed devotion, excels. For I am very much dear to the man of Knowledge, and he too is dear to Me.
Shri Purohit Swami Classical
Translation
7.17 Of all of these, he who has gained wisdom, who meditates on Me without ceasing, devoting himself only to Me, he is the best; for by the wise man I am exceedingly beloved and the wise man, too, is beloved by Me.
Related values & verses
Related values
Tyaga (Renunciation / Letting Go)Karuna (Kindness / Compassion)Ahimsa (Non-violence / Compassion)Tapas (Austerity / Discipline)Guru Bhakti (Reverence for Teacher)Atma Nigraha (Self-control)Daksya (Resourcefulness / Skill)Maitri (Friendship / Goodwill)Abhaya (Fearlessness)
Related verses
BG 12.13 BG 6.30 BG 10.9 SB 3.25.21 SB 11.14.15 SB 9.4.63 CC Madhya 22.87 CC Madhya 22.117 CC Madhya 19.167 BRS 1.1.11 BRS 1.2.187
Related lectures
Personal Guidance
Of these, the one in knowledge, always engaged in My exclusive devotional service, is the best — for I am very dear to him, and he is dear to Me.
Practical Applications
  • Aim for knowledge-grounded exclusive devotion.
  • Cultivate the mutual dearness — His to you, yours to Him.
  • Don't settle for transactional motivation.
Reflection Questions
  • What exclusivity of devotion am I withholding?
  • Where do I feel the mutual dearness?
Analogy

Among four lamps lit before the deity, one is fed with the purest oil and never extinguished. The other three flicker, depending on the wind of their motive. Kṛṣṇa says the steady lamp — knowledge fused with constant devotion — is the dearest. He singles out not the brightest moment but the unbroken flame.

Stories
Śuka's silent walk

Śukadeva Gosvāmī, born already realized, walked naked through villages absorbed in the beauty of Kṛṣṇa, neither speaking nor noticing the world. When his father Vyāsa called after him, the trees answered — for Śuka's mind was wholly given over to the Supreme Person, not to anything around him.

The Bhāgavatam introduces him this way. Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura notes that though Śuka began on the impersonal Brahman platform, he was drawn down by hearing Kṛṣṇa's pastimes from Vyāsa, and from then on his jñāna lived inside bhakti. He chose to speak only once, for seven days, to dying Parīkṣit — and spoke the Bhāgavatam. Knowledge that found its outlet in service to Kṛṣṇa. The verse's exact type.

📝 My note

Source: vedabase.io

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